建筑专业词汇《中英文对照》

1、v1.0可编辑可修改建筑专业词汇中英文对照建筑专业词汇建设,建筑，修建 to build, to con struct建筑学 architecture修筑,建筑物building房子house摩天大楼skyscraper公寓楼 block of flats ( 美作:apartment block)纪念碑monument宫殿palace庙宇temple皇宫,教堂basilica大教堂cathedral教堂church塔,塔楼tower十层办公大楼 ten-storey office block柱 colum n柱列 colonn ade拱 arch市政 town planning （美作:ci

2、ty planning）营建许可证，建筑开工许可证 building permission绿地 gree nbelt建筑物的三面图 elevati on设计图plan比例尺scale预制 to prefabricate挖土 ,掘土 excavation基 foun dati ons, base, subgrade打地基 to lay the foundations砌好的砖歹U course of bricks脚手架 scaffold, scaffolding质量合格证书 certificatio n of fitn ess原材料 raw material底板 bottom plate垫层 cu

3、shi on侧壁 sidewall中心线 center line条形基础strip footing附件 accessories型辛钢 profile steel钢板 steel plate熔渣slag飞溅 weldi ng spatter定位焊tacking弓 I弧 gen erati ng of arc熄弧 que nching of arc焊道 weldi ng bead坡口 beveled edges夕卜观检查 visual inspection重皮 double-sk in水平方向弧度 radia n in horiz on tal direct ion成型 moldi ng直线度 s

4、traightness accuracy焊缝角变形 welding line angular distortion水平度levelness铅垂度 verticality翘曲变形 buckling deformation角尺 an gle square对接焊缝butt weld母材 pare nt metal法兰密圭寸面 flange sealing surface夹层 in terlayer表面锈蚀浓度 surface corrosi on concen trati on挠曲变 bending deformation超声波探伤 ultras onic testi ng/ ultras onic

5、 exam in ati on压力容器 pressure vessel预制下料 prefabrication baiting排版直径 set-type diameter焊缝 weldi ng line中幅板 center plate测量方法 measuring method基准点datum mark跳焊 skip weldi ng允许偏差 allowable variation补强板 stiffening plate开孑L tapping对接接头 banjo fixing butt jointing角钢 angle iron安装基准圆 in stallati on fun dame ntal

6、circle吊装立柱 hoisting upright column焊接钢管 welded steel pipe向心斜拉筋 centripetal canting pull rope带板 band plate槽钢胀圈 channel steel expansion ring37环口 collar extension 局部变形 local distortion 环缝 circumfere ntial weld 顶板 top plate 拱顶vault 顶板加强肋stiffening rib 对接 butt joi nt 胎具 clamp ing fixture 卷板机 plate bending

7、 rolls 中心支架 center bearing bracket 椭圆度ovality 等分线bisectrix 搭接宽度lap width 点焊 spot weldi ng 搭接焊 overlap welding 对称 symmetrically螺旋爬梯cockle stairs放料阀 baiting valve液位计 content gauge芬兰维萨拉Vailsla OY美国美科Met-coil, USA集中式空调系统 cen tralized air con diti oning system裙房annex热源 heat source平面位置的空间 space of pla ni

8、metric positi on密圭寸性能 sealing performanee机房 machi ne room节点timing专业profession or discipline都可以，要根据上下文连体法兰 coupling flange垂直井笼 vertical well cage变风量 variable air rate施工面展开 con struct ion un folds违约行为 noncomplianee合同交底-contract presentation管理承包商 Man ageme nt Con tractor party工程量 work amount实施的形象进度 pro

9、gress of impleme ntati on完工资料 as-built documentation文整 clear-up审核review汽车式起重机 Autocra ne深化图纸 deepen drawing设备配置计戈 U equipme nt furni shme nt pla n结构预埋配合阶段 Structure pre-embedme nt assista neestage精装修阶段 Fine fitment stage工程施工阶段 Con structio n stage工程竣工阶段 Completio n stage台钻 Bench drill冲击钻 Churn drill

10、手电钻 Electric portable drill砂轮切割机Abrasive cutt ing off mach ine角钢卷圆机An gle iron rolli ng mach ine管道切断器Pipe cutti ng mach ine铜管调直机Copper pipe straighte ning mach ine管道压槽机Book joint sett ing mach ine for pipes管道压槽机Book joint sett ing mach ine for pipes角向磨光机An gle polish ing mach ine电动套丝机Electric thread

11、 ing mach ine电动卷扬机Electric wi nch电动试压泵Motor-drive n pressure test pump手动试压泵Manual pressure test pump阀门试压机Valve pressure test device阀门试压机Valve pressure test deviceTDC(F) 风管加工流水线 TDC(F)air ductwork fabricationstream line等离子切割机 Plasma cutt ing mach ineTDC(F) 法兰条成型机 TDC(F) flange strip shap ing mill勾码成型

12、机 Forming machine for flange clampTDC(F) 风管加工成型机 TDC(F) duct fabrication shapi ng mill多普勒超声波流量检测仪Doppler ultras on ic flow detector温、湿度传感器 Temperature, humidity sen or精密声级计 Precision sound level meter风管漏风量测试仪、风室式漏风测试装置Duct air leakagetester, airchamber air leakage testing device风罩式风量测试仪 Air hood air

13、 rate tester微压计、毕托管、热球(电)风速仪 Microma nometer ,pitot tube, hot bulb(electrical) an emoscope潜水泵 Submerged pump电动弯管机 Electric pipe bender铜管弯管机 Copper pipe bender液压弯管机 Hydraulic pipe bender电动剪刀 Electric clipper液压铆钉钳 Hydraulic riveting clamp线槽电锯 Trunking electric saw开孑L器Tapper电动空压机 Electric air compresso

14、r液压千斤顶Hydraulic jack液压手推车 Hydraulic trolley焊条烘干箱 Welding rod drying box手拉葫芦Cha in block道（垫）木 Sleeper转速表 Tachometer电流钳型表 Clip-style ammeter压力表 Pressure gauge接地电阻测试仪 Earthing resista nee test ing device氧气表 Oxygen gauge乙炔表 Acetylene gauge对讲机 Walkie talkie文件和资料 documents and information建设单位 Con struct i

15、on un it安装单位 Installation unita. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据b. DESIGN STAGE 设计阶段c. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件d. GENERAL ROOM NAM常用房间名称e. ROOFING & CEILING 屋面及天棚f. WALL(CLADDING)墙体(外墙板)g. FLOOR & TRENCH地面及地沟h. DOORS、GLASS WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWAR玻璃、窗及五金件I. STAIRCASE、LANDING & LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯j. BUILDI

16、NG MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES!筑材料词汇及短语【Bricks and Tiles砖和瓦】【Lime, Sand and Sto ne灰、砂和石】【Ceme nt. Mortar and Con crete水泥、砂浆和混凝土】【Facing And Plasteri ng Materials饰面及粉刷材料】【Asphalt (Bitume n) and Asbestos沥青和石棉】Timber木材】【Metallic Materials金属材料】Non-Ferrous Metal有色金属】【An ti-Corrosion Materials防腐蚀材料】【Buildi

17、 ng Hardware建筑五金】【Pai nt油漆】k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERM其它建筑术语【Discipli ne专业】Co nve ntio nal Terms一般通用名词】【Architectural Physics建筑物理】Name Of Professio nal role职务名称】Drafti ng 制图】a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据计划建议书 planning proposals设计任务书 design order标准规范 standards and codes条件图 information drawing设计基础资料 basic data

18、 for design工艺流程图 process flowchart工程地质资料 engineering geological data原始资料original data设计进度 schedule of designb. STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段方案 scheme, draft草图sketch会谈纪要 summary of discussion谈判V negotiation可行性研究 feasibility study初步设计prelim inary desig n基础设计basic desig n详细设计detail desig n询价图 enquiry drawing施工图

19、 work ing draw ing, con struct ion draw ing竣工图 as built drawingc. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件日照 sunshine风玫瑰wind rose主导风向 prevail ing wi nd direct ion最大(平均)风速 maximum (mean) wind velocity 风荷载wind load最大(平均)降雨量 maximum (mean) rainfall雷击及闪电 thunder and lightning飓风 hurrica ne台风 typhoon旋风 cyclone降雨强度 rainfall

20、 intensity年降雨量 annual rainfall湿球温度 wet bulb temperature干球温度 dry bulb temperature冰冻期 frost period冰冻线frost line冰冻区frost zone室外计算温度 calculating outdoor temperature 采暖地区 region with heating provision 不采暖地区 region without heating provision 绝对大气压 absolute atmospheric pressure 相对湿度 relative humidityd. GENE

21、RAL ROOM NAM常用房间名称办公室office服务用房service room换班室shift room休息室 rest room (break room)起居室 living room浴室 bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室 locker room厕所 lavatory门厅lobby诊室clinic 工作间workshop电气开关室 switch room 走廊 corridor档案室archive电梯机房 lift motor room车库garage清洁间 cleaning room会议室(正式)conference room 会议室 meeting room 衣柜间war

22、d robe 暖风间room 饭店 restaura nt 餐厅 can tee n, dining room 厨房 kitche n 入口 entrance 接待处 reception area 会计室 accountant room秘书室 secretary room 电气室 electrical room 控制室 control room 工长室 foreman office 开关柜室 switch gear 前室 ante cab in et (A nte.) 生产区 product ion area 马达控制中心Mcc 多功能用房utility room 化验室 laboratory

23、 room 经理室 manager room 披 屋(阁楼)penthouse 警卫室 guard housee. ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet雨蓬can opy屋脊 roof ridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线 water-shed二毡三油 2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic附加油毡一层 extra ply of felt檐口 eave挑檐 overha nging eave檐沟 eave gutter平屋面flat roof坡屋面 pitched roof雨水管 downspout, rai

24、n water pipe)汇水面积 catchment area泛水 flashing内排水 in terior drain age夕卜排水 exterior drain age滴水drip屋面排水 roof drain age找平层 leveling course卷材屋面 built-up roofing天棚 ceiling檩条purlin屋面板 roofing board天花板 ceiling board防水层 water-proof course检查孑L inspection hole人孑L man hole吊顶 suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗帘

25、盒)cornicef. WALL (CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)砖墙 brick wall砌块墙block wall清水砖墙 brick wall without plastering抹灰墙 rendered wall石膏板墙 gypsum board, plaster board空心砖墙 hollow brick wall承重墙 bearing wall非承重墙 non-bearing wall纵墙 Iongitudinal wall横墙 transverse wall夕卜墙 external (exterior) wall 内墙 intern al (i nterior) wall

26、填充墙 filler wall 防火墙fire wall 窗间墙 wall between window 空心墙 cavity wall 压顶cop ing 圈梁 gird, girt, girth 玻璃隔断glazed wall 防潮层 damp-proof course 遮阳板 sun shade 阳台 balcony 伸缩缝 expansion joint 沉降缝 settlement joint抗震缝 seismic joint复合夹心板 sandwich board压型单板 corrugated single steel plate夕卜墙板 cladding panel复合板 com

27、posite panel轻质隔断 light-weight partition牛腿 bracket砖烟囱 brick chimney勒脚(基座)plinthg. FLOOR AND TRENCH地面及地沟地坪grade地面和楼面 ground and floor素土夯实 rammed earth炉渣夯实 tamped cinder填土 filled earth回填土夯实 tamped backfill垫层 beddi ng course, bli nding面层 coveri ng, finish结合层 bonding (binding) course找平层 leveling course素水

28、泥浆结合层 n eat ceme nt binding course混凝土地面 concrete floor水泥地面cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面machi ne trowelled con crete floor水磨石地面 terrazzo flooring马赛克地面 mosaic flooring瓷砖地面 ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面 linoleum flooring预制水磨 石地面 precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面 hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅joist硬木毛地面 hard-wood rough

29、 flooring企口板地面 tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面 acid-resista nt floor钢筋混凝土楼板 rei nforced con crete slab Slab)乙烯基地面vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条 divider strip for terrazzo地面做 2 %坡 floor with 2% slope集水沟gully集水口 gulley排水沟 drain age trench沟盖板 trench cover活动盖板 removable cover plate集水坑sump pit孔翻边 hole up stand电缆沟

30、cable trenchh. DOORS, GLASS, WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDW门RE玻璃、窗及五金件木(钢)门 wooden (steel) door镶板门 panelled door夹板门 plywood door铝合金门 aluminum alloy door卷帘门roller shutter door弹簧门swing door推拉门slidi ng door平开门side-h ung door折叠门foldi ng door旋转门revolv ing door玻璃门glazed door密闭门air-Tight door保温门thermal in sul

31、ati ng door镀锌铁丝网门 galva ni zed steel wire mesh door防火门fire door（大门上的）小门wicket门框 door frame门扇 door leaf门洞 door opening结构开洞 structural opening单扇门sin gle door双扇门double door疏散门emerge ncy door纱门 screen door门槛 door sill门过梁door lin tel上冒头top rail下冒头bottom rail门边木stile门樘侧料side jumb槽口 notch木窗 wooden window辛钢

32、窗 steel window铝合金窗 aluminum alloy window百叶窗(通风为主)sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind)塑钢窗 plastic steel window空腹钢窗 hollow steel window固定窗 fixed window平开窗 side-hung window推拉窗 sliding window气窗 transom上悬窗 top-hung window中悬窗 center-pivoted window下悬窗 hopper window活动百叶窗 adjustable louver天窗 skylight老虎窗

33、 dormer window密圭寸双层玻璃 sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁 rein forced con crete lin tel钢筋砖过梁 reinforced brick lintel窗扇 casement sash窗台 window sill窗台板 window board窗中梃mullion窗横木mutin窗边木stile压缝条 cover mould窗帘盒 curtain box合页(铰链)hinge (butts)转轴pivot长脚铰链 parliament hinge闭门器 door closer地弹簧 floor closer插销bolt门锁 do

34、or lock拉手pull链条cha in门钩 door han ger碰球 ball latch窗钩 window catch暗插销 insert bolt电动开关器 electric opener平板玻璃plate glass夹丝玻璃wire glass透明玻璃clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃)ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃 bullet-proof glass石英玻璃 quartz glass吸热玻璃 heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃 polished glass着色玻璃 pigmented glass玻璃瓦glass tile玻璃

35、砖 glass block有机玻璃 organic glassI. STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT (ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯stair楼梯间staircase疏散梯 emergency stair旋转梯 spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯 crane ladder直爬梯 vertical ladder踏步step扇形踏步 winder (wheel step)踏步板tread档步板riser踏步宽度tread width防滑条 non-slip insert (strips)栏杆 raili ng (balustrade)平

36、台栏杆 platform railing吊装孑L栏杆 railing around mounting hole扶手 han drail梯段高度 height of flight防护梯笼 protecting cage (safety cage)平台 landing (platform)操作平台 operating platform装卸平台 platform for loading & unioading楼梯平台 stair landing客梯 passe nger lift货梯 goods lift客/ 货两用梯 goods/passenger lift液压电梯 hydraulic lift自

37、动扶梯 escalator观光电梯 observation elevator电梯机房 lift mortar room电梯坑lift pit电梯井道lift shaftj. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES建筑材料词汇及短语Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦红砖 red brick粘土砖 clay brick瓷砖 glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火砖fire brick空心砖 hollow brick面砖 facing brick地板砖 flooring tile缸砖 cli nkery brick马赛克mosaic陶粒混凝土

38、 ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦 glazed tile脊瓦 ridge tile石棉瓦 asbestos tile (shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos ceme nt sheetLime, Sa nd and Stone 灰、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marble汉白玉 white marble花岗岩granite碎石 crushed stone毛石rubble蛭石 vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石cobble砾石gravel粗砂 course sand中砂 medium sand细砂 fine sand

39、Ceme nt. Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥（普通硅酸盐水泥）Portland cement硅酸盐水泥silicate cement火山灰水泥 pozzolana cement白水泥 white cement水泥砂浆 cement mortar石灰砂浆 lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆（混合砂浆）cement-lime mortar保温砂浆 thermal mortar防水砂浆 water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆 acid-resista nt mortar耐碱砂浆 alkaline-resistant mortar沥青砂浆 bitumin

40、ous mortar纸筋灰 paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰 hemp cut lime mortar灰缝 mortar joint素混凝土 plain concrete钢筋混凝土 reinforced concrete轻质混凝土 lightweight concrete纟田石混凝土 fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土 foamed concrete炉渣混凝土 cinder concreteFaci ng And Plasteri ng Materials饰面及粉刷材料水刷石 granitic p

41、laster斩假石 artificial stone刷牒 lime wash可赛银case in大白浆 white wash麻刀灰打底 hemp cuts and lime as base喷大白浆两道 sprayed twice with white wash分格抹水泥砂浆 ceme nt mortar plaster sectioned板条抹灰 lath and plasterAsphalt(Bitume n) and Asbestos沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphalt felt沥青填料 asphalt filler沥青胶泥asphalt grout冷底子油 adhesive bitumen

42、primer沥青玛啼脂 asphaltic mastic沥青麻丝 bitumastic oakum 石棉板 asbestos sheet 石棉纤维 asbestos fiber Timber木材 裂缝crack 透裂split 环裂shake 干缩 shrinkage 翘曲 warping 原木log 圆木 round timber 方木 square timber 板材plank 木条batte n 板条lath 木板board 红松 red pi ne 白松 white pine 落叶松 deciduous pine 云杉spruce 柏木 cypress 白杨 white poplar

43、桦木birch 冷杉fir 栋木oak 榴木willow榆木elm杉木cedar柚木teak樟木 camphor wood防腐处理的木材 preservative-treated lumber胶合板plywood三(五)合板 3(5)-plywood企口板 tongued and grooved board层夹板 lam inated plank胶合层夹木材 glue-lam in ated lumber纤维板 fiber-board竹子bambooMetallic Materials金属材料黑色金属 ferrous metal圆钢 steel Bar方辛冈 square steel扁钢 st

44、eel strap,flat steel型钢 steel section (shape)槽钢 channel角钢 angle steel等边角钢 equal-leg angle不等边角钢 unequal-leg angle工字钢I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wide flange I-beam丁 (之)字钢 T-bar (Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢 light gauge cold-formed steel shape热轧 hot-rolled冷轧 cold-rolled 冷拉 cold-draw n 冷压 cold-pressed 合金钢 alloy steel 钛合金 titanium alloy

45、 不锈钢 sta ini ess steel 竹节钢筋 corrugated steel bar 变形钢筋deformed bar 光圆钢筋 plain round bar 钢板 steel plate 薄钢板 th in steel plate 低碳钢 low carb on steel 冷弯 cold bending 钢管 steel pipe (tube) 无缝钢管 seamless steel pipe 焊接钢管 welded steel pipe 黑铁管iron pipe 镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe 铸铁 cast iron 生铁 pig iron 熟铁 w

46、rought iron 镀锌铁皮 galvanized steel sheet 镀锌铁丝 galvanized steel wire 钢丝网 steel wire mesh 多孑L金属网 expanded metal 锰钢 managanese steel高强度合金钢 high stre ngth alloy steelNo n-Ferrous Metal 有色金属金 gold白金 plat inum铜 copper黄铜brass青铜bronze银 silver铝 alumi num铅 leadAn ti-Corrosion Materials防腐蚀材料聚乙烯 polythene, polye

47、thylene尼龙nylon聚氯乙烯 PVC (poly vinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate聚苯乙烯 polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylic resin乙烯基酯 vinyl ester橡胶内衬rubber lining氯丁橡胶 neoprene沥青漆 bitumen paint环氧树脂漆 epoxy resin paint氧化锌底漆 zinc oxide primer防锈漆 anti-rust paint耐酸漆 acid-resista nt paint耐碱漆 alkali-resista nt paint水玻璃 sodium silicate树脂砂浆

48、resin-bonded mortar环氧树脂 epoxy resinBuildi ng Hardware建筑五金钉子n ails螺纹屋面钉 spiral-threaded roofing nail环纹石膏板钉 annu lar-ri ng gypsum board n ail 螺丝screws平头螺丝 flat-head screw螺栓bolt普通螺栓 commercial bolt高强螺栓 high strength bolt预埋螺栓insert bolt胀锚螺栓cinch bolt垫片washerPai nt 油漆底漆primer防锈底漆 rust-inhibitive primer防腐

49、漆 anti-corrosion paint调和漆 mixed paint无光漆flat paint透明漆varnish银粉漆 aluminum paint磁漆 enamel paint干性油drying oil稀释剂 thinner焦油tar沥青漆 asphalt paint桐油 tung oil. Chinese wood oil红丹 red lead铅油 lead oil腻子puttyk. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERM其它建筑术语Discipli ne专业建筑 architecture土木 civil给排水 water supply and drain age总图 p

50、lot plan米暖通风(heating 、 ventilation and air conditioning)电力供应electric power supply电气照明electric light ing电讯 telecommunication仪表 in strume nt热力供应 heat power supply动力 mechanical power工艺 process tech no logy管道pipi ngConven tio nal Terms一般通用名词建筑原理architect on ics建筑形式architectural style民用建筑civil architectu

51、re城市建筑urba n architecture农村建筑rural architecture农业建筑farm building工业建筑 in dustrial buildi ng重工业的 heavy in dustrial轻工业的 light in dustrial古代建筑 ancient architecture现代建筑 modern architecture 标准化建筑 standardized buildings 附属建筑 auxiliary buildings城市规划 city planning厂区内 within site厂区外offsite圭寸闭式closed type开敞式op

52、en type半开敞式 semi-open type模数制 modular system单位造价 unit cost概算 prelimi nary estimate承包商 con structor, con tractor 现场site扩建 exte nsion改建 recon struct ion防火 fire-prevention防震 aseismatic, quake-proof防腐 an ti-corrosi on防潮 dump-proof防水 water-proof防尘 dust-proof防锈 rust-proof 车流量 traffic volume建筑物理建筑模型 buildi

53、ng model Architectural Physics 照明 illumination照度 degree of illu min atio n 亮度 bright ness 日照 sunshine 天然采光 natural lighting 光强 light in te nsity 侧光 side light 顶光 top light 眩光glaze 方位角azimuth 辐射 radiati on 对流 con vecti on 传导 conduction 遮阳 sun-shade 保温 thermal insulation 恒温 con sta nt temperature 恒湿 c

54、on sta nt humidity 噪音no ise 隔音 sound-proof 吸音 sound absorption 露点 dew point 隔汽 vapor-proofName Of Professio nal role职务名称项目经理 project manager (PM)设计经理 design manager首席建筑师 principal architect总工程师 chief engineer土木工程师 civil engineer工艺工程师 process engineer电气工程师 electrical engineer机械工程师 mechanical engineer计划工程师 planning engineer助理工程师 assistant engineer实习生 probationer专家 specialist, expert制图员 draftsman技术员 technicianDrafti ng制图总说明 general specification工程说明 project specification采用标准规范目录list of sta ndards and specificati on adopted图纸目录 list of drawings平面图plan局部放大图 detail with enlarg