【初中】初中形容词和副词讲解与练习

1、学习必备欢迎下载形容词和副词讲解与专项练习一、形容词（一）定义：用来描写或修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的特点或性质；（二）用法1. 做定语 此时，形容词的位置在被修饰名词之前；e.g. this is an old house.2. 做表语（此时，形容词的位置在连系动词之后）；e.g. i am sorry to hear that.3. 做宾语宾语补足语 （此时， 形容词的位置在宾语之后） ；e.g. she made her mother angry.4. 形容词在句中的位置；形容词做定语修饰名词时，放在名词前面；修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词之后；she is a clever girl.

2、i saw something white in the water.形容词修饰带有表量度的词或者词组时定语后置；the bridge is one hundred meters long .5. 某些形容词前加上定冠词 the，可以代表一类人或东西， 可以用作主语， 宾语等；做主语时当复数看待； e.g.the old are well looked after. we all love the beautiful.二、副词（一）定义：用来修饰动词，形容词，其他副词以及全句；（有很多副词是从形容词转化而来的；方法是在形容词词尾加上ly 如：.bad-badly, careful-carefu

3、lly.等，在变化时要留意词尾是 y的，要把 y改为i再加ly；如： lucky-luckily. busy-busily 等；另外以 e 结尾的，大部分直接加 ly. 如： wide-widely, brave-bravely 等；仍有几个特别的要去 e 后再加 ly. 如： true-trulyterrible-terribly 等；（二）用法1. 作状语； e.g.they work hard .副词修饰动词） they are quite right .（副词修饰形容词）he park the car very easily （. 副词修饰副词）unfortunately, he wa

4、s out.（副词修饰整个句子）2. 作定语（时间副词和地点副词可以做后置定语）；e.g. the students here are all from hubei.3.作表语；e.g.what is on this evening.今晚上演什么节目；）4.作宾语补足语；e.g.dont let him in.三 形容词和副词的比较等级在英语中形容词和副词有原级，比较级和最高级之分；原级就是它们的原形，比较级和最高级有规章变化和不规章变化；一形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化1.规章变化单音节词和部分双音节词1一般在词尾加 er,est. hard-harder-hardest great-gr

5、eater-greatest 2以字母 e 结尾的加 r,st. nice-nicer-nicestable-ablerablest3重读闭音节中末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写辅音字母，再加er,est. big-bigger-biggestfat-fatter-fatterred-redderreddestthin-thinner-thinnesthot-hotter-hottestwet-wetterwettest4以辅音字母 +y 结尾的词，先改 y 为 i 再加 er.est多音节词和部分双音节词 ,在其前加 more,most.polite-more polite-most polit

6、eexciting-more exciting-most exciting interesting-more interesting-most imnteresting carefully-more carefully-mostcarefullyquickly-more quickly-most quicklyhappily-more happily-most happily有些形容词和副词的比较等级用-er,-est 或者 more,most 皆可，如 clever,lovely 等；表示“较不-”和“最不- ”时，可用 less 和 least.difficult-less difficu

7、lt-least difficult interesting-less interesting-least interesting2. 不规章变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest二形容词和副词级的用法原级:1原级的基本用法句型:主语+谓语动词 +as+原级+as+比较对象 前者与后者一样 主语+.not+as/so+原级+as+比较对象 前者

8、不如后者那么 the coat is as old as that one .the weather in beijing is not as/so hot as that in shanghai . 2原级的特别用法1表示是.的几倍 . 句型:.times +as +原级 + as .this house is three times as large as that one . he can run five three times as fast as his brother.2表示.的一半 . 句型:.half as +原级 + as .my money is not half as

9、much as yours.3表示尽可能 .句型: .as + 原级 + as possible/one can. we should get up as early as possible/we can.比较级的用法1. 两者相比（甲大于乙），用比较级 +than 表示this room is bigger than that one .2. 要表示 不如，用 less原+级+than 结构 this book is less difficult than that one .3. 表示两者人，事物之间，比较 的，用 the比+ 较级+名词+of+the+名词或代词 结构bob is the

10、 taller boy of the two boys.4. 不于其他事物相比，表示本身程度的转变，用比较级 +and+比较级 结构，意思是越来越 the weather is getting warmer and warmer .5. 表示一方随另一方的变化而变化，用 the比+ 较级， the+比较级 结构，意思是越就越the more you eat, the fatter you will be .6. 表示几倍于 时，用 倍数+as或用as倍数+比较级 +than 表示 our room is three times larger than yours .our room is th

11、ree times as large as yours .7. 用 much，far ,still ,even , a lot , a little ,a bit 等词来修饰比较级，表示程度，放在比较级之前；如： it s much warmer today .最高级的用法1. 三者或三者以上之中的 最，用形容词，副词的最高级；形容词最高级前必需加冠词 the，副词最高级前的 the 可省略，常用的结构为： a+be+the形+ 级+in（of）+表示范畴的短语 ；he is the tallest boy in our class .2. 用比较级的形式，表达最高级的含义容词，副词最高比较级

12、+than+（1）.any other+单数名词或（2）.+all the other+复数名词 3.+anyone else4.+any of the other +复数名词tom is taller than any other student in our class .3. 最高级可以被序数词及much， by far, nearly, almost 等修饰，表示程度；the yellow river is the second longest river in china.四、专项训练1. 写出以下形容词副词的比较级最高级；young nice _ far _ early much

13、delicious _ _short late little _ _beautiful _ _fat red 2. 用所给的形容词副词的适当形式填空；a. tom is tall than jim.b. li lei is young boy in his class.c.i think english is interesting than any other subject.d. david has many story books of all the students.e. li lei speaks english well in his group.f. lucy runs slo

14、w than lily. 3改正以下句子中一处的错误；a. tom comes to school late than jim. b. which do you like better , cats ,dogs, or chickens. c. who is oldest in our class. d. he thinks math is importanter than chinese. e. this work is very harder than that one._f. he lives farer than any other student in your class. 4单项

15、挑选 1. the air in beijing is getting muchnow than a few years ago.a. cleanb. cleanerc. cleanestd. the cleanest 2. nowadays science fiction isnatsacsartoons among teenagers.a. popularb. more popularc. less populard. the most popular 3. remember, boys and girls.you work,result you will get. we know, mi

16、ss gao.a. the better, the harderb. the harder, the betterc. the hard, the betterd. the harder, the good 4. jack has three friends. mike is theof the four.a. most cleverestb. morecleverc. cleverestd. clever 5. in our english study reading is more important than speaking. i think. i don t agree, speak

17、ing isthan reading.a. as important asb. so important asc. the most importantd. the same as 6. john is myfriend of all the classmates.a. goodb. betterc. bestd. the best 7. beijing is one ofcities in china.a. very beautifulb. much beautifulc. more beautifuld. the most beautiful 8. the yellow river isn t soas the changjiang river.a. longb. long