ABAQUS钢框架结构抗震仿真分析

1、一、引言 时程分析法是对结构动力方程直接进行逐步积分求解的一种动力分析方法。 时程分析法将地震波按时段进行数值化后， 输入结构体系的振动微分方程， 采用 直接积分法计算出结构在整个强震时域中的振动状态全过程， 给出各个时刻各个 杆件的内力和变形。现已成为多数国家抗震设计规范或规程的分析方法之一。二、有限元软件ABAQU简介ABAQUS 是美国 ABAQUS公司（原名 HKS公司.即 Hibbitt , Karlsson & Sorensen,INC2005 年被法国达索公司收购， 2007 年公司更名为 SIMULIA）。 ABAQU已成为国际上最先进的大型通用有限元力学分析软件之一。ABAQ

2、U是一套功能强大的进行工程模拟的有限元软件。 其解决问题的范围从相对简单的线性 分析到许多复杂的非线性问题。ABAQU拥有CAE工业领域最为广泛的材料模型， 它可以模拟绝大部分工程材料的线形和非线形行为， 可以进行结构的静态和动态 分析，如应力、变形、振动、热传导以及对流等。也可以模拟广泛的材料性能， 如金属、橡胶、塑料、弹性泡沫等，而且任何一种材料都可以和任何一种单元或 复合材料的层一起用于任何合适的分析类型。三、模型建立与求解1、PartCreate Part ：Name：Ban， 3D， Deformable ， Shell ， Planar ，输入坐标 创建一个18X9m的壳部件，作为

3、混凝土楼板部件；Create Part ：Name：Zhu， 3D， Deformable ， Wire ， Planar ，输入坐标创 建一个长3m线部件，作为柱部件；Create Part ：Name：Liang ， 3D， Deformable ， Wire ， Planar ，输入坐标 创建一个长6X3m宽4.5X2m的线网部件，作为梁网部件；2、SectionCreate Material：Name：steel ， General ， Density 7800 ； Mechanical ，Elasticity ， Youngs Modulus 2.1e11 ， Poisson Rat

4、io 0.3；Create Material ：Name：concrete ， General ， Density 2500； Mechanical ， Elasticity ， Youngs Modulus 3e10 ， Poisson Ratio 0.3。Create Profile ：分别创建梁剖面 Liang Profile 和柱剖面 Zhu Profile 为 0.3X0.3m,厚 0.1m和 0.6X0.6m,厚 0.1m。Create Section :板截面：Name BanSection ， Shell ，Homogeneous Shell Thickness Value：

5、0.1 ， Material ： concrete ；梁截面： Name： Liang Section ， Profile name： Liang Profile ， Material name： steel ；柱截面： Name： Zhu Section ， Profile name ： Zhu Profile ， Material name ： steel 。Assign Section ：分别把创建好的板、梁和柱截面指派到板、梁、柱部件 上，梁和柱截面指派时同时指派部件方向。3、AssemblyCreate In sta nee :选择板、梁、柱部件，用 Depe ndent方式生成实体

6、；将柱子旋转，使其与板和梁平面垂直；阵列柱子4X3=12根，将12根柱子分别移到 梁网交点处，完成一层框架的构造；将构造好的一层框架阵列成 3X2=6个框架层（阵列时，注意各个框架层间的距离应该稍大，这样利于平移框架），平移各层框架层，完成6层框架模型的构造。4、StepCreate Step: Step-1，General，Static Ge neral，重力分析，结果作为时 程分析数据；Step-2，General， Dynamic Implicit，Time period : 10。5、InteractionCreate constraint: Tie，选择板、梁、柱接触点、面，绑定。6

7、、LoadCreate Boundary Condition: Name BC-1， Step: Step-2， Mechanical，Displacement/Rotation ，选择柱低端，约束住柱低端除X方向外的5个自由度;Create Boundary Condition : Name BC-2, Step : Step-2， Mechanical， Acceleratio n/An gular acceleratio n,选择柱低端，确定；勾选 A1:1 （加速度单位 m/s2 ），在 Amplitude 中创建一个 Name:ac,Type:Tabular,Time span:To

8、al time,复制EICentro数据到Amplitude Data，OK Amplitude右框下拉选择刚才 建好的ac加速度，OK7、MeshSeedPart Instanee ;Assign MeshControls : Quard, Free ,Advancing front ； Assig n Eleme nt Type： Sta ndard , Lin ear , ReducedI ntegrati on ，壳单元 S4R Mesh Part ;最后Verify Mesh 检查网格是否错误。8 JobCreateJob; Write In put （输出 inp 文件），Subm

9、it ;打开 Mon itor 观察是否有错误、警报；点击 Result进入可视化窗口 Visualization 。9、VisualizationResult，Step/Frame分析步/帧，查看各时程变形情况；Tools，XY Data， Create,ODB field output ，plot顶层楼板位移时程曲线，各层楼板加速度时程 曲线，各层楼板位移曲线。10、数据后处理在Visualization ，XY Data Manager中点击Edit，输出各层楼板位移数据 到Excel中，利用Excel :相邻两层的位移作差后得到层间相对位移，画出以Time 为横轴、层间相对位移为纵轴画

10、出各层层间位移时程曲线；然后层间相对位移除以层高得到层间位移角，画出以 Time为横轴、层间位移角为纵轴画出各层层间 位移角时程曲线。四、结果展示钢框架内力云图1钢框架内力云图2钢框架内力云图3M“IrmrfaE*寸W3 帀 idr-：UB . hl UT 3 L -ia-1 . L * 心 n *+ 1i J* i h，顶层楼板位移时程曲线T詆底端加速度时程曲线J-3Ir 3 i 肯 . = h A J XR. WW.1-J-A一层楼板加速度时程曲线二层楼板加速度时程曲线tlHj?三层楼板加速度时程曲线A W !LH.l-&.1tLU Ci fci?*lfehW*iUJ*KTinga 张尸L

11、 JH I - 上斗*呵 *四层楼板加速度时程曲线T亡Lxa西 7 J 卜 i-七 I w m I* wwihr-,i-nii门底端与一层楼板层间位移五层楼板加速度时程曲线顶层楼板加速度时程曲线杜髦与一层搂fii层间也桜氐QQ厂Ck(WJI 4m riysS.QDMU02-Eij-弗DP03-4L D S层与二层楼板层间位移-=盘-ICE6L.L七-rfcEmrdiam氐rliira上53SE 出ri-1一丄ggllti碁mr-rirnrl洛冒竄. i-A gT-i-Fiirwm9i-iT| F戸ey Tlws 罷电M flt目甘 seen 討nJ u fr-lwd 腔氏H NuvrJ HtE

12、ESd. is- 毎冷二 Tllu ss. 由 UZDm 战磴0 s.= 罢 4S0 弱蚩V0 a呂二层与三层楼板层间位移角三层与四层搂擬层间也移角Tin-三层与四层楼板层间位移角ama刚OlMl -OlMl 7i2 -0l3 7 MH *Ti四层与五层楼板层间位移角五层与人层搂扳层间住移角0II. oovT. 0C2二3dIIIIIILUUJIIUJ1IIIIMJ*+II4IIWIII冒畠-4五层与六层楼板层间位移角五、总结与分析通过分析数据： 该钢框架模型顶层楼板最大位移发生在 9.904615s时，值为0.521279 ;根据钢结构设计规范 ：多层框架结构柱顶位移H/500，对于该模型为

13、18m/500=0.036m顶层楼板最大位移超出规范要求。 该钢框架模型最大加速度：底端发生在 2.13928s,值为3.40922，一层楼 板发生在4.53904s，值为7.02656，二层楼板发生在 2.64224s，值为7.58957， 三层楼板发生在 3.22835s，值为8.61059，四层楼板发生在 4.78149s，值为 11.1651，五层楼板发生在4.78149s，值为12.4091，顶层楼板发生在4.53904， 值为 13.9828。 该钢框架模型层间位移：底端与一层楼板最大值为0.006104，一层与二层楼板最大值为0.025158，二层与三层楼板最大值为 0.0160

14、52，三层与四层楼 板最大值为0.021461，四层与五层楼板最大值为 0.012741，五层与六层楼板最 大值为0.016035 ；根据钢结构设计规范：多层框架结构层间位移限值 h/400， 对于该模型为3m/400=0.0.0075m,最大层间位移超出规范要求。 该钢框架模型层间位移角：底端与一层楼板最大值为0.002035，一层与 二层楼板最大值为 0.008386 ，二层与三层楼板最大值为 0.005356，三层与四层 楼板最大值为 0.007154，四层与五层楼板最大值为 0.004247 ，五层与六层楼板 最大值为0.005345 ;根据建筑抗震设计规范GB50011-2010第5

15、.5.1条规定: “地震作用下，多、高层钢结构弹性层间位移角限值为 1/250”，最大层间位移 角超出规范要求。 由以上分析，顶层楼板位移、层间位移、层间位移角均超出规范要求，作 者对此结果进行了简单分析，造成此结果可能原因有:没有对时程地震波 EICentro 波进行系数调整，以满足抗震规范；超过加速度时程的加速度没有按 规范将其最大值调整为 0.35m/s2 ；对于输入的地震加速度时程曲线没有满足抗 震规范，要满足地震动三要素: 频谱特性、 有效峰值和持续时间要符合规定的要 求。 对于此钢框架结构， 其抗侧刚度不足， 应通过增加柱截面、 梁高和梁宽等 措施提高结构抗侧刚度。 以上分析可能不

16、够准确，望读者批评指出。参考文献1 王勖成，有限单元法北京：清华大学出版社，20032 马晓峰，ABAQUS6.1有限元分析从入门到精通.北京：清华出版社，20133 曹金凤等，ABAQUST限元分析常见问题与解答北京：机械工业出版社，20104 徐珂.ABAQU建筑结构分析应用.北京：中国建筑出版社出版社，2013命令流*Heading* Job name: gkjdzfzfx Model name: Model-1* Generated by: Abaqus/CAE 6.13-1*Preprint, echo=NO, model=NO, history=NO, contact=NO* PA

17、RTS*Part, name=BanNode1,9.,4.5, 0.2,7.19999981,4.5, 0.3,5.4000001,4.5, 0.4,3.5999999,4.5, 0.5,1.79999995,4.5, 0.6,0.,4.5, 0.7,-1.79999995,4.5, 0.8,-3.5999999,4.5, 0.9,-5.4000001,4.5, 0.10,-7.19999981,4.5, 0.11,-9.,4.5, 0.12,9., 2.70000005, 0.13,7.19999981,2.70000005,0.14,5.4000001,2.70000005,0.15,3.

18、5999999,2.70000005,0.16,1.79999995,2.70000005,0.17,0., 2.70000005, 0.18,-1.79999995,2.70000005,0.19,-3.5999999,2.70000005,0.20,-5.4000001,2.70000005,0.21,-7.19999981,2.70000005,0.22,-9., 2.70000005, 0.23,9., 0.899999976, 0.24,7.19999981,0.899999976,025,5.4000001,0.899999976,0.26,3.5999999,0.89999997

19、6,0.27,1.79999995,0.899999976,028,0., 0.899999976, 0.29,-1.79999995,0.899999976,030,-3.5999999,0.899999976,0.31,-5.4000001,0.899999976,0.32,-7.19999981,0.899999976,033,-9., 0.899999976,0.34,9., -0.899999976,0.35,7.19999981, -0.899999976,036,5.4000001, -0.899999976,0.37,3.5999999, -0.899999976,0.38,1

20、.79999995, -0.899999976,039,0., -0.899999976,0.40,-1.79999995, -0.899999976,041,-3.5999999, -0.899999976,0.42,-5.4000001, -0.899999976,0.43,-7.19999981, -0.899999976,044,-9., -0.899999976,0.45,9., -2.70000005,0.46,7.19999981, -2.70000005,0.47,5.4000001, -2.70000005,0.48,3.5999999, -2.70000005,0.49,1

21、.79999995, -2.70000005,0.50,0., -2.70000005,0.51,-1.79999995, -2.70000005,0.52,-3.5999999, -2.70000005,0.53,-5.4000001, -2.70000005,0.54,-7.19999981, -2.70000005,0.55,-9., -2.70000005,0.56,9., -4.5, 0.57,7.19999981, -4.5,0.58,5.4000001, -4.5,0.59,3.5999999, -4.5,0.60,1.79999995, -4.5,0.61,0., -4.5,

22、0.62,-1.79999995, -4.5,0.63,-3.5999999, -4.5,0.64,-5.4000001, -4.5,0.65,-7.19999981, -4.5,0.66, -9., -4.5, 0. *Element, type=S4R1,1,2,13,122,2,3,14,133,3,4,15,144,4,5,16,155,5,6,17,166,6,7,18,177,7,8,19,188,8,9,20,199, 9, 10, 21, 2010, 10, 11, 22, 2111, 12, 13, 24, 2312, 13, 14, 25, 2413, 14, 15, 26

23、, 2514, 15, 16, 27, 2615, 16, 17, 28, 2716, 17, 18, 29, 2817, 18, 19, 30, 2918, 19, 20, 31, 3019, 20, 21, 32, 3120, 21, 22, 33, 3221, 23, 24, 35, 3422, 24, 25, 36, 3523, 25, 26, 37, 3624, 26, 27, 38, 3725, 27, 28, 39, 3826, 28, 29, 40, 3927, 29, 30, 41, 4028, 30, 31, 42, 4129, 31, 32, 43, 4230, 32,

24、33, 44, 4331, 34, 35, 46, 4532, 35, 36, 47, 4633, 36, 37, 48, 4734, 37, 38, 49, 4835, 38, 39, 50, 4936, 39, 40, 51, 5037, 40, 41, 52, 5138, 41, 42, 53, 5239, 42, 43, 54, 5340, 43, 44, 55, 5441, 45, 46, 57, 5642, 46, 47, 58, 5743, 47, 48, 59, 5844, 48, 49, 60, 5945, 49, 50, 61, 6046, 50, 51, 62, 6147

25、, 51, 52, 63, 6248, 52, 53, 64, 6349, 53, 54, 65, 6450, 54, 55, 66, 65*Nset, nset=Set-1, generate1, 66, 1*Elset, elset=Set-1, generate1, 50, 1*Nset, nset=Set-4, generate1, 66, 1*Elset, elset=Set-4, generate1, 50, 1*Nset, nset=Set-5, generate1, 66, 1*Elset, elset=Set-5, generate1, 50, 1* Section: Ban

26、 Section*Shell Section, elset=Set-5, material=concrete 0.1, 5*End Part *Part, name=Liang*Node1,-3.,4.5,0.2,3.,4.5,0.3,9.,4.5,0.4,9.,0.,0.5,9.,-4.5,0.6,3.,-4.5,0.7,-3.,-4.5,0.8,-9.,-4.5,0.9,-9.,0.,0.10,-3.,0.,0.11,3.,0.,0.12,-9.,4.5,0.13,-2.4000001,4.5, 0.14,-1.79999995,4.5, 0.15,-1.20000005,4.5, 0.1

27、6, -0.600000024,4.5, 017,0.,4.5,0.18,0.600000024,4.5, 019,1.20000005,4.5, 0.20,1.79999995,4.5, 0.21,2.4000001,4.5, 0.22,3.5999999,4.5, 0.23,4.19999981,4.5, 0.24,4.80000019,4.5, 0.25,5.4000001,4.5, 0.26,6.,4.5,0.27,6.5999999,4.5, 0.28,7.19999981,4.5, 0.29,7.80000019,4.5,0.30,8.39999962,4.5,0.31,9., 3

28、.9375, 0.32,9.,3.375, 0.33,9., 2.8125, 0.34,9.,2.25, 0.35,9., 1.6875, 0.36,9.,1.125, 0.37,9., 0.5625, 0.38,9., -0.5625, 0.39,9., -1.125, 0.40,9., -1.6875, 0.41,9.,2.25, 0.42,9., -2.8125, 0.43,9., -3.375, 0.44,9., -3.9375, 0.45,8.39999962,-4.5,0.46,7.80000019,-4.5,0.47,7.19999981,-4.5,0.48,6.5999999,

29、-4.5,0.49,6.,-4.5, 0.50,5.4000001,-4.5,0.51,4.80000019,-4.5,0.52,4.19999981,-4.5,0.53,3.5999999,-4.5,0.54,2.4000001,-4.5,0.55,1.79999995,-4.5,0.56,1.20000005,-4.5,0.57,0.600000024,-4.5,058,0.,-4.5, 0.59, -0.600000024, -4.5,060,-1.20000005,-4.5,0.61,-1.79999995,-4.5,0.62,-2.4000001,-4.5,0.63,-3.59999

30、99,-4.5,0.64,-4.19999981,-4.5,0.65,-4.80000019,-4.5,0.66,-5.4000001,-4.5,0.67,-6.,-4.5, 0.68,-6.5999999,-4.5,0.69,-7.19999981,-4.5,0.70,-7.80000019,-4.5,0.71,-8.39999962,-4.5,0.72,-9., -0.5625, 0.73,-9.,-1.125,0.74,-9.,-1.6875,0.75,-9.,-2.25,0.76,-9.,-2.8125,0.77,-9.,-3.375,0.78,-9.,-3.9375,0.79,-3.

31、5999999, 0.,0.80,-4.19999981, 0.,0.81,-4.80000019, 0.,0.82,-5.4000001, 0.,0.83,-6.,0.,0.84,-6.5999999, 0.,0.85,-7.19999981, 0.,0.86,-7.80000019, 0.,0.87,-8.39999962, 0.,0.88,-3.,-3.9375,0.89,-3.,-3.375,0.90,-3.,-2.8125,0.91,-3.,-2.25,0.92,-3.,-1.6875,0.93,-3.,-1.125,0.94,-3.,-0.5625,0.95,-3.,0.5625,

32、0.96,-3.,1.125,0.97,-3.,1.6875,0.98,-3.,2.25,0.99,-3.,2.8125,0.100,-3.,3.375,0.101,-3.,3.9375,0.102,2.4000001, 0.,0.103,1.79999995, 0.,0.104,1.20000005, 0.,0.105,0.600000024, 0.,0106,0.,0.,0.107, -0.600000024, 0.,0108,-1.20000005, 0.,0.109,-1.79999995, 0.,0.110,-2.4000001, 0.,0.111,3.,-3.9375,0.112,

33、3.,-3.375,0.113,3.,-2.8125,0.114,3.,-2.25,0.115,3.,-1.6875,0.116,3.,-1.125,0.117,3., -0.5625,0.118,3., 0.5625,0.119,3.,1.125,0.120,3., 1.6875,0.121,3.,2.25,0.122,3., 2.8125,0.123,3.,3.375,0.124,3., 3.9375,0.125,8.39999962,0.,0.126,7.80000019,0.,0.127,7.19999981,0.,0.128,6.5999999,0.,0.129,6.,0.,0.13

34、0,5.4000001,0.,0.131,4.80000019,0.,0.132,4.19999981,0.,0.133,3.5999999,0.,0.134,-9., 3.9375,0.135,-9.,3.375,0.136,-9., 2.8125,0.137,-9.,2.25,0.138,-9., 1.6875,0.139,-9.,1.125,0.140,-9., 0.5625,0.141,-8.39999962,4.5,0142,-7.80000019,4.5,0143,-7.19999981,4.5,0144,-6.5999999,4.5,0.145,-6.,4.5,0.146,-5.

35、4000001,4.5,0.147,-4.80000019,4.5,0148,-4.19999981,4.5,0149,-3.5999999,4.5,0.*Element, type=B311, 1, 132, 13, 143, 14, 154, 15, 165, 16, 176, 17, 187, 18, 198, 19, 209, 20, 2110, 21, 211, 2, 2212, 22, 2313, 23, 2414, 24, 2515, 25, 2616, 26, 2717, 27, 2818, 28, 2919, 29, 3020, 30, 321, 3, 3122, 31, 3

36、223, 32, 3324, 33, 3425, 34, 3526, 35, 3627, 36, 3728, 37, 429, 4, 3830, 38, 3931, 39, 4032, 40, 4133, 41, 4234, 42, 4335, 43, 4436, 44, 537, 5, 4538, 45, 4639, 46, 4740, 47, 4841, 48, 4942, 49, 5043, 50, 5144, 51, 5245, 52, 5346, 53, 647, 6, 5448, 54, 5549, 55, 5650, 56, 5751, 57, 5852, 58, 5953, 5

37、9, 6054, 60, 6155, 61, 6256, 62, 757, 7, 6358, 63, 6459, 64, 6560, 65, 6661, 66, 6762, 67, 6863, 68, 6964, 69, 7065, 70, 7166, 71, 867, 9, 7268, 72, 7369, 73, 7470, 74, 7571, 75, 7672, 76, 7773, 77, 7874, 78, 875, 10, 7976, 79, 8077, 80, 8178, 81, 8279, 82, 8380, 83, 8481, 84, 8582, 85, 8683, 86, 87

38、84, 87, 985, 7, 8886, 88, 8987, 89, 9088, 90, 9189, 91, 9290, 92, 9391, 93, 9492, 94, 1093,10,9594,95,9695,96,9796,97,9897,98,9998,99,10099, 100, 101100, 101, 1101, 11, 102102, 102, 103103, 103, 104104, 104, 105105, 105, 106106, 106, 107107, 107, 108108, 108, 109109, 109, 110110, 110, 10111, 6, 1111

39、12, 111, 112113, 112, 113114, 113, 114115, 114, 115116, 115, 116117, 116, 117118, 117, 11119, 11, 118120, 118, 119121, 119, 120122, 120, 121123, 121, 122124, 122, 123125, 123, 124126, 124, 2127, 4, 125128, 125, 126129, 126, 127130, 127, 128131, 128, 129132, 129, 130133, 130, 131134, 131, 132135, 132

40、, 133136, 133, 11137, 12, 134138, 134, 135139, 135, 136140, 136, 137141, 137, 138142, 138, 139143, 139, 140144, 140, 9145, 12, 141146, 141, 142147, 142, 143148, 143, 144149, 144, 145150, 145, 146151, 146, 147152, 147, 148153, 148, 149154, 149, 1*Nset, nset=Set-1, generate1, 149, 1*Elset, elset=Set-1

41、, generate1, 154, 1*Nset, nset=Set-3, generate1, 149, 1*Elset, elset=Set-3, generate1, 154, 1*Nset, nset=Set-4, generate1, 149, 1*Elset, elset=Set-4, generate1, 154, 1* Section: Liang Section Profile: Liang Profile*Beam Section, elset=Set-4, material=steel, temperature=GRADIENTS, section=BOX 0.3, 0.

42、3, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 0.010.,0.,-1.*End Part *Part, name=Zhu*Node1,9., -4.5, 0.2,9., -4.19999981,0.3,9., -3.9000001,0.4,9., -3.5999999,0.5,9., -3.29999995,0.6,9., -3., 0.7,9., -2.70000005,0.8,9., -2.4000001,0.9,9., -2.0999999,0.10,9., -1.79999995,011,9., -1.5, 0.*Element, type=B311, 1, 22, 2, 33, 3,

43、44, 4, 55, 5, 66, 6, 77, 7, 88, 8, 99, 9, 1010, 10, 11 *Nset, nset=Set-1, generate1, 11, 1*Elset, elset=Set-1, generate1, 10, 1*Nset, nset=Set-3, generate1, 11, 1*Elset, elset=Set-3, generate1, 10, 1 *Nset, nset=Set-4, generate1, 11, 1*Elset, elset=Set-4, generate1, 10, 1* Section: Zhu Section Profi

44、le: Zhu Profile*Beam Section, elset=Set-4, material=steel, temperature=GRADIENTS, section=BOX0.6, 0.6, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 0.010.,0.,-1.*End Part* ASSEMBLY*Assembly, name=Assembly*Instance, name=Part-1-1, part=Ban*End Instance*Instance, name=Part-2-1, part=Zhu -18.,-4.5,1.5-18.,-4.5,1.5,90.*End Instan

45、ce*End Instance-17., -4.5,1.5,*Instance, name=Part-3-1, part=Liang*Instance, name=Part-2-1-lin-1-2, part=Zhu-18.,0.,1.5-18.,0.,1.5,90.*End Instance-17., 0., 1.5,*Instance, name=Part-2-1-lin-1-3, part=Zhu-18.,4.5,1.5-18.,4.5,1.5,90.*End Instance-17., 4.5, 1.5,*Instance, name=Part-2-1-lin-2-1, part=Zhu-12.,-4.5,1.5-12.,-4.5,1.5,90