大学英语三级班美国文化课件

1、American Presidential Election . Parites in the United States . Presidential Election 2012. Check your Voc.Ballot Box ; Platform;政纲政纲 stump speech竞选演说竞选演说Quadrennial 四年一度的四年一度的; CampaigningPrimaries 初选初选and Caucuses核心会议核心会议,决策委员会决策委员会 presidential nomination （提名）（提名）referendum（公民投票）（公民投票）general vot

2、e/ popular vote electoral college vote （选举团投票）（选举团投票）winner-takes-all; positive/negative Campaigna joint session of Congress 国会联席会议 . Parites in the United StatesvTwo major political parties: the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. also several minor parties, usually called third parties, who

3、 have not won a presidential election since 1864.vMinor Parties: Independent Libertarian Constitution Green The Two main PartiesvThe American Democratic PartyvThe American Republican Party 1. Democratic Party Founded in 1792 by Thomas JeffersonvHistorically, the party has favored farmers, laborers,

4、labor unions, and religious and ethnic minorities. In the 1930s, the party began advocating welfare spending programs targeted at the poor. v“We the people”Back2. Republican Party Founded in the 1854 by a group of Whigs辉格党辉格党, Free Soilers and Democrats. The name was chosen to show ties with Thomas

5、Jeffersons Democratic-Republican Party (which evolved into Democratic party under Andrew Jackson,7th president). The key issue at the time was opposition to the spread of slavery into the western territories .vLincoln（林肯），（林肯），Eisenhower （艾森豪威尔（艾森豪威尔)，Nixon（尼克松（尼克松)，Bush v“we the few”Back. President

6、ial Election 2012the 57th quadrennial Presidential Election. Democrat President Barack Obama with Vice President Joseph Biden defeated the Republican nominee, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and his running mate, Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin. The Steps to the White House 1.Declar

7、ing Candidacy 2.Campaigning 3.Primaries and Caucuses for nomination （初选与核（初选与核心会议）心会议）4.Party conventions 政党大会政党大会5. National Congress announcing presidential nomination （提名）（提名）6. election campaign between the 2 parties竞选活动竞选活动7. the election day大选日大选日:general vote8. the electoral college vote （选举团

8、投票）（选举团投票）9. presidential inauguration（总统就职）（总统就职） 1. Declaring Candidacy：candidates announcing their plans It marks the start of the official campaign. a lot of lectures, speeches, discussions a vote will begin.Mitt Romney, Rick Santorum, Newt Gingrich, and Ron Paul The nomination competition is th

9、e first competition . At this time, candidates compete with other candidates of their party, for getting the party nomination. video Candidates debate 2. Campaigning: candidates win support debate 3. primaries and caucuses for Nomination: To choose the candidate of the party for presidential electio

10、nThe winner is designated the presumptive(推定的推定的)nominee until he or she is formally nominated. Republican Candidates who entered the race for the Republican presidential nomination (2012) Massachusetts Governors Mitt Romney Rick Santorum former U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania Ron Paul, U.S. Represen

11、tative from TexasNewt Gingrich, former U.S. Speaker of the House of Representatives from GeorgiaOn April 10, Santorum suspended his campaign due to a variety of reasons, such as a low delegate count, unfavorable polls in his home state of Pennsylvania, and his daughters health, leaving Mitt Romney a

12、s the undisputed front-runner for the presidential nomination and allowing Gingrich to claim that he was the last conservative standing in the campaign for the nomination. After disappointing results in the April 24 primaries, Gingrich dropped out on May 2 in a move that was seen as an effective end

13、 to the nomination contest. After Gingrichs spokesman announced his upcoming withdrawal, the Republican National Committee declared Romney the partys presumptive推定的 nominee. Ron Paul officially remained in the race, but he stopped campaigning on May 14 in order to focus on state conventions instead.

14、 4). Party conventions(2012)va presidential nominating convention where it adopted its national platform政纲政纲 and officially nominated its candidates for President and Vice President. The 2012 Republican National Convention was held in Tampa, Florida the week of August 27th. The 2012 Democratic Natio

15、nal Convention took place in Charlotte, North Carolina from September 3 to 6.Note：After the presidential candidate is chosen, hes allowed to choose his running mate竞选伙伴竞选伙伴 .vAfter the convention, the whole party will help its candidate run the election all over the country. 丨丨4)National Congress an

16、nounced presidential nominationA fierce competition will begin! President Obama vs. Governor Romney 2012Candidates chosen now what?v The goal: score 270 /538 electoral votes!270FAQS Electors?The number of the Electoral College members in each state is equal to that of its senators and representative

17、s in Congress (California?).There are now 538 presidential electors, 535 from 50 states, 3 from Washington D.C. (The process for selecting electors varies throughout the United States. Generally, the political parties nominate electors at their State party conventions or by a vote of the partys cent

18、ral committee in each State.) 4). Election Campaignv The election campaign is conducted from September to November. The presidential candidates travel all over the country, trying to win support.v The race features bombardment (轰炸) on mass media and whistle-stop tours (在小镇短暂停留的访问旅行). v The candidate

19、s deliver countless speeches speeches (940)and shake countless hands with voters.v 4 DebatesDebates: Four debates (2012)1. First presidential debate (on domestic policy) Wednesday, October 3; Magness Arena, University of Denver, Denver, ColoradoModerator: Jim Lehrer2. Vice presidential debate (domes

20、tic and foreign policy) Vice presidential debate 3.Second presidential debate (town hall format) 4. Third presidential debate (foreign policy) 5)The Election day ：general election On the ist Tuesday after the ist Monday in November in an election year, voters cast ballots.The voters dont directly ch

21、oose the president and vice president. They choose the electors 选选举人团成员举人团成员 on the day of the general election（普选）（普选）. The electors will vote for the candidate of their own party.Results of the popular votes 2012Presidential ticketPartyBallot access % of voters seeing name on ballotVotesObama / Bi

22、denDemocratic50+DC100%65,910,437Romney / RyanRepublican50+DC100%60,932,795Johnson / GrayLibertarian48+ DC95.1%1,275,951Stein / HonkalaGreen36 + DC83.1%469,583Goode / ClymerConstitution2649.9%122,001Anderson / RodriguezJustice1528.1%43,011Lindsay / OsorioSocialism & Liberation1328.6%9,4036)The Electo

23、ral College VoteBack The presidential electors meet in their state capitals and cast their votes for President and Vice President on the 1st Mon. after the 2nd Wed. in Dec. （Cal. 55， Alaska 3）winner-takes-all : The candidate with the most popular votes in a state wins all of the states electoral vot

24、es. Barack H. Obama (D) (blue) Electoral 332/538Mitt Romney (R) (red) Electoral 206/53825Party Voter base2012 presidential election D. blue, R: RedStatesObamaRomneyObamaRomneyColo.48.8%47.3%90Fla.50.01%49.13%290Iowa48.7%46.3%60Nev.50.2%47.4%60N.H.49.9%47.9%40N.C.46.2%49.2%015Ohio50.0%47.1%180Va.48.0

25、%47.7%130Wis.50.4%46.2%100Swing-State Votes9515Leaning/Likely State Votes237191Total Overall Votes332206Official decision is confirmedv On January 6, the electoral votes are formally counted in a joint session of the two Houses and the President of the Senate announces the final result.8) Presidenti

26、al Inauguration就职典礼就职典礼 January 20, by holding the formal inauguration , the President takes office. He took the presidential declaration : I solemnly swear: I will faithfully implement the duties of the President of the United States of America and will do my best to uphold, protect and defend the

27、Constitution of the United States of America. “ Obamas Inauguration in 2013Back2012补充补充 More on the topic: “Battleground States”Also “swing states”States that are still “undecided” in who is likely to capture their electoral votes.Rather than waste time & money on sealing a larger margin of victory in “guaranteed” states