高三英语阅读理解：事实细节题

1、 事实细节题事实细节题 题型特点题型特点 这类试题旨在考查考生对事实细节的理解，这类试题旨在考查考生对事实细节的理解，主要针对主要针对who，what，which，why，how，when，where等来提问，可能只针对文章中某一特定的等来提问，可能只针对文章中某一特定的细节，也可能涉及若干个细节。细节，也可能涉及若干个细节。 这类题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或间接这类题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或间接地找到，但是不可能与阅读材料一模一样，而是地找到，但是不可能与阅读材料一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型表达相同的意思，即语意转用不同的词语或句型表达相同的意思，即语意转换换 (如例如例2)。事实

2、上，绝大多正确选项是对文中。事实上，绝大多正确选项是对文中23个信息点的归纳概括个信息点的归纳概括 (如例如例1)。解法点拨解法点拨 解题时注意以下两点：解题时注意以下两点：1.用题干或选项中的关键词在文中搜索用题干或选项中的关键词在文中搜索(寻读寻读)找到找到题眼，迅速锁定相关词句或信息点，这是解题的题眼，迅速锁定相关词句或信息点，这是解题的依据所在。依据所在。2.是非判断类细节题，如果题干中含有否定意义的是非判断类细节题，如果题干中含有否定意义的词语，如有词语，如有not(如如2010广东广东51题题)，except (如如2005广东广东70题，题，2010广东广东53题，题，2011广

3、东广东41题题)等，要等，要特别留心。特别留心。真题破解真题破解 例例1A. they offer their help B. they receive others helpC. they feel others kindnessD. they show their weakness26.The author has discovered that people will feel happy when _.26 题解析：由第一段最后一句可知，关键是理题解析：由第一段最后一句可知，关键是理该句中的该句中的it，它指的是前文中的，它指的是前文中的the kindness in people，其

4、具体行为是，其具体行为是people hold doors for me，pour cream into my coffee，or help me to put on my coat，人们的这些行为概括起来，就是，人们的这些行为概括起来，就是they offer their help，故选，故选A。文中信息与选项表述。文中信息与选项表述的关系是：具体与概括的关系。的关系是：具体与概括的关系。A. he has a soft heartB. he relies much on othersC. some people pretend to be kindD. some people fail t

5、o see the kindness in others27. The author feels sad sometimes because _ . 题解析：正确选项是题解析：正确选项是D。由第二段第一句。由第二段第一句but后的后的内容可知，选项中用内容可知，选项中用some people代替了文中代替了文中those who appear independent，用，用fail to see代替了文中代替了文中miss。(近义替换近义替换)例例2 34. It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs _.A. have common i

6、nterestsB. are less different than was thoughtC. have a common body languageD. are less intelligent than was expected解析解析：正确选项是：正确选项是B。由该段第二句。由该段第二句the two may have more in common than we previously suspected可知。只是用可知。只是用are less different (不同点更少了不同点更少了)替代了原文的替代了原文的have more in common (共同点更多了共同点更多了)；

7、用；用than was thought替代了替代了than we previously suspected。命题人分别采用了。命题人分别采用了“反义表达反义表达(用用反义词表达相同意思反义词表达相同意思)”和和“近义替换近义替换”。(一一)即时练习即时练习A. He was out of work B. He was bored with his job C. He wanted a higher positionD. He hoped to find a better boss1. Why did Jimmy apply for a new job?A 细节理解题。由第一段的第一句中细节理解

8、题。由第一段的第一句中but he lost his job a few months ago可知，可知，Jimmy是因为失业是因为失业了才找新的工作。了才找新的工作。He lost his job.与与He was out of work.是近义复现是近义复现(同义转换同义转换)。 2. What did Jimmy see on the way to the interview?A. A friends car had a flat tyreB. a wild man was pushing a carC. a terrible accident happened D. an old ma

9、ns car broke downD 细节理解题。由第二段的第二句细节理解题。由第二段的第二句While waiting for, he sawsomething wrong with the car可知，老人的车出问题了，可知，老人的车出问题了，something wrong with the car与与car broke down是近义复现是近义复现 (同义转换同义转换)。选项。选项A和选和选项项C文中无任何依据。选项文中无任何依据。选项B是段章取义，是段章取义，原文是用原文是用wild来形容老者在面对车子坏时对来形容老者在面对车子坏时对车子采取的动作，而不是说老者是一个性车子采取的动作，

10、而不是说老者是一个性格狂暴的人。格狂暴的人。3. Why did the old man offer Jimmy a ride?A. He was also to be interviewed B. He needed a travelling companionC. He always helped people in needD. He was thankful to Jimmy D 细节推断题。由第二段的倒数最后三句细节推断题。由第二段的倒数最后三句Jimmy said there was no need to pay him; he just helped someone in nee

11、d, and he had to rush for an interview. Then the old man said, “Well, I could take you to the office for your interview. Its the least I could do. Please, I insist.”可知可知Jimmy是帮忙不求回是帮忙不求回报，不要老者的钱，最后老者请求搭载他报，不要老者的钱，最后老者请求搭载他去面试，说明老者对去面试，说明老者对Jimmy十分感激。十分感激。A. He was sorry for the other applicantsB. Th

12、ere was no hope for him to get the job C. He regretted helping the old man D. The interviewer was very rude 4. How did Jimmy feel on hearing the interviewers question?B 推理判断题。第三段提到推理判断题。第三段提到Jimmy由于修车身由于修车身上沾满上沾满grease(油脂油脂)，这样面试肯定不合适，特，这样面试肯定不合适，特别是由这句别是由这句“With the way I look now, how could I poss

13、ibly pass this interview?” he thought to himself.可知，可知，Jimmy听到面试官的话更加不听到面试官的话更加不自信，认为这次的工作无望了。自信，认为这次的工作无望了。A. Where there is a will, theres a wayB. A friend in need is a friend indeedC. Good is rewarded with good. D. Two heads are better than one 5. What can we learn from Jimmys experience？C 推理判断题。

14、通读全文可知推理判断题。通读全文可知Jimmy由于帮助老由于帮助老者不求回报而受到老者的赏识，最后顺利得到了者不求回报而受到老者的赏识，最后顺利得到了工作。选项工作。选项A(有志者事竟成有志者事竟成)，选项，选项B(患难见真患难见真情情)，选项，选项D（三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮）均不符合（三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮）均不符合题意。只有选项题意。只有选项C（善有善报）正确。（善有善报）正确。(二二)6. “Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph 1 refers to _.A. a program directed by DorothyB. a course g

15、iven by the authorC. an activity held by the studentsD. an organization sponsored by Union CollegeB 事实细节题。由第一段第三句中事实细节题。由第一段第三句中I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program可知。作者就是在教这个课程中，认可知。作者就是在教这个课程中，认识识Dorothy的，故选项的，故选项A“Dorothy主持的一个项主持的一个项目目”错；选项错；选项C“学生举行的活动学生举行的活动”，文中无任何，文中无任何

16、相关信息，是无中生有；选项相关信息，是无中生有；选项D“由由Union College支助的一个组织支助的一个组织”，既没有信息表明，既没有信息表明Early Childhood Development是一个组织，也没有信息是一个组织，也没有信息说明说明Union College出了钱和物质支助该组织。出了钱和物质支助该组织。A. the long track B. the poor housesC. the same train D. the winding road7. In the journey, the author was most disappointed at seeing _

17、.B 事实细节题。由第二段最后两句事实细节题。由第二段最后两句Rather than feeling excitedI found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness可知，可知，作者看到那些破旧的房屋时作者看到那些破旧的房屋时, 感到非常失望。感到非常失望。the poor houses与与the small shabby houses是近义复现是近义复现(同义转换同义转换)。A. a warm

18、 welcomeB. the sight of poke greensC. Dorothys latest projectsD. a big dinner made for her8. Upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by _.A 事实细节题。由第三段的前二句事实细节题。由第三段的前二句From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom (忧郁忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothys classr

19、oom, I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen可知，可知，作者受到热烈欢迎。作者受到热烈欢迎。a warm welcome与与I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen是上下义的关系是上下义的关系 (总括与具体总括与具体)。9. What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph?A. She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant.B.

20、She got a pen as a gift from the author.C. She passed the required assessment.D. She received her Ph.D. degree.C 事实细节题。由第四段第三、四句事实细节题。由第四段第三、四句Whenthe testing and interviewing required to receive, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas可知，她通过了所要求的可知，她通过了所要求的各个方面的评估。选项各个

21、方面的评估。选项A“她被邀请到一个餐馆参她被邀请到一个餐馆参加庆祝活动加庆祝活动”，而事实上是她邀请作者到一个牛，而事实上是她邀请作者到一个牛排店庆祝她的胜利，张冠李戴；选项排店庆祝她的胜利，张冠李戴；选项B也是张冠也是张冠李戴，事实是李戴，事实是The author got a pen as a gift from Dorothy；在文中；在文中as if she had received her Ph.D. degree是说明她高兴得是说明她高兴得“好像得到博士学位好像得到博士学位”，而选项而选项C“她得到博士学位她得到博士学位”，把虚拟说成事实，把虚拟说成事实，因此，也错了。因此，也错了

22、。10. What does the author mainly intend to tell us?A. Whatever you do, you must do it carefully.B. Whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment.C. However poor you are, you have the right to education.D. Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement.D 写作目的题。由首段的前两句写作目的题。由首段的前两句In my living r

23、oom, there is a plaque (匾匾) that advises me to “Bloom (开花开花) where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy可知，可知，作者想起作者想起Dorothy的原因，就是能体现的原因，就是能体现Bloom where you are planted的一个典型例的一个典型例子，结合本文最后一段子，结合本文最后一段Dorothy所取得的成所取得的成就，可以确定正确答案是选项就，可以确定正确答案是选项D“无论你是无论你是哪里，你都可以取得成就哪里，你都可以取得成就”。(三三)A. Belly dan

24、ces B. American soldiersC. Spanish city D. the capital of Argentina11. The origin of the tango is associated with _.D 细节理解题。由第一段可知。细节理解题。由第一段可知。 A. It was created by foreigners from Spain and Italy.B. People of the upper classes loved the tango most.C. It was often danced by two male in the beginnin

25、g.D. A dancer in Seoul became the Argentinean ambassador.12. Which of the following is true about the tango?C 细节理解题。由第二段第二句中的细节理解题。由第二段第二句中的so if a man didnt want to be left out, his only choice was to dance with another man可知。可知。A. Because he belonged to lower classes.B. Because he want to draw the womens attention.C. Because the tango had became respectable.D. Because he didnt like to dance