直接引语和间接引语PPT学习教案

1、会计学1直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语 一、定义一、定义 直接引述别人的话，叫直接引语。被引用的部分放在引直接引述别人的话，叫直接引语。被引用的部分放在引号里。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语，间接引语不用号里。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语，间接引语不用引号，在多数情况下是以宾语从句的形式出现。引号，在多数情况下是以宾语从句的形式出现。第1页/共17页 二、直接引语和间接引语的变化规则二、直接引语和间接引语的变化规则 (一一)人称的变化：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新人称的变化：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新用法用法举例举例一随主一随主直 接 引 语 中直 接 引 语 中的 第

2、一 人 称的 第 一 人 称根 据 间 接 引根 据 间 接 引语 中 的 主 语语 中 的 主 语作 相 应 的 变作 相 应 的 变化化He said, “We love our country. ”He said that they love their country. 他说他们热爱自己的国家。他说他们热爱自己的国家。She said to me, “I have left my books in your room. ”She told me she had left her books in my room. 她对我说她把书落在我屋里了。她对我说她把书落在我屋里了。第2页/共17页

3、用法用法举例举例二随宾二随宾直接引语中的第二直接引语中的第二人称根据间接引语人称根据间接引语中的主句的宾语作中的主句的宾语作相应的变化相应的变化Tom asked me, “Are you a teacher? ”Tom asked me if I was a teacher. 汤姆问我是否是一名老师。汤姆问我是否是一名老师。He asked me, “Do you have a computer? ”He asked me if I had a computer. 他问我是否有计算机。他问我是否有计算机。第3页/共17页用法用法举例举例第三人称不更新第三人称不更新直接引语中的第三直接引语中的

4、第三人称在间接引语中人称在间接引语中不发生变化不发生变化Bill said, “She is my elder sister. ”Bill said that she was his elder sister. 比尔说她是他的姐姐。比尔说她是他的姐姐。The teacher told Marys parents, “Mary is a good girl. She is always ready to help others. ”The teacher told Marys parents that Mary was a good girl and she was always ready t

5、o help others. 老师告诉玛丽的父母说，玛丽是一个好女老师告诉玛丽的父母说，玛丽是一个好女孩，她总是乐于助人。孩，她总是乐于助人。第4页/共17页(二二)时态的变化时态的变化直接引语直接引语间接间接引语引语例句例句一 般 现 在一 般 现 在时时一 般 过一 般 过去时去时Tom said, “I usually get up at six. ”Tom said (that) he usually got up at six. 汤姆说他通常六点起床。汤姆说他通常六点起床。一 般 过 去一 般 过 去时时过 去 完过 去 完成时成时Mike told me, “I walked to

6、 school yesterday. ”Mike told me he had walked to school the day before. 迈克告诉我他昨天步行去上学的。迈克告诉我他昨天步行去上学的。第5页/共17页直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语例句例句现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时Nina told me, “Linda is watching TV at home. ”Nina told me (that) Linda was watching TV at home. 尼娜告诉我琳达正在家看电视。尼娜告诉我琳达正在家看电视。一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时She

7、said, “I will see you at the same place tomorrow. ”She said (that) she would see me at the same place the next day. 她说她第二天要在同一个地点见她说她第二天要在同一个地点见我。我。第6页/共17页直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语例句例句现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时Betty said, “I have worked in this factory for over ten years. ”Betty said (that) she had worked in that

8、 factory for over ten years. 贝蒂说她在那家工厂工作有十多年贝蒂说她在那家工厂工作有十多年了。了。过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时Bob told me, “I had lived here for years before I moved out. ”Bob told me that he had lived there for years before he moved out. 鲍勃告诉鲍勃告诉我他在那儿住了多年才搬走。我他在那儿住了多年才搬走。第7页/共17页(三三)指示代词、时间和地点等变化指示代词、时间和地点等变化直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语

9、指示代词指示代词thisthesethatthose时间状语时间状语nowtodaytonightthis weekyesterdaylast weekthree days agotomorrownext weekthenthat daythat nightthat weekthe day beforethe week beforethree days beforethe next daythe next week第8页/共17页直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语地点状语地点状语herethere方向性动词方向性动词bringcometakego第9页/共17页三、直接引语与间接引语的转换三、直

10、接引语与间接引语的转换用法用法例句例句(1)如果直接如果直接引语是陈述引语是陈述句，变成间句，变成间接引语时，接引语时，引导词用引导词用that，但在口语中但在口语中通常省略，通常省略，时态、人称时态、人称和状语都应和状语都应作相应的变作相应的变化化“Im a teacher. ” she said. She said that she was a teacher. 她说她是一名教师。她说她是一名教师。Bill said to me, “I like English very much. ”Bill told me that he liked English very much. 比尔告诉我说

11、他非常喜欢英语。比尔告诉我说他非常喜欢英语。Betty said, “I am going to buy a bike tomorrow. ”Betty said (that) she was going to buy a bike the next day. 贝蒂说她第二天要买一辆自行车。贝蒂说她第二天要买一辆自行车。第10页/共17页用法用法例句例句(2)如果是一般疑如果是一般疑问句，要用连词问句，要用连词whether或或if引导，引导，后面用陈述语序，后面用陈述语序，时态、人称和状语时态、人称和状语都应作相应的变化都应作相应的变化“Are you a student？” Ann ask

12、ed. Ann asked me whether (if) I was a student. 安问我是否是一名学生。安问我是否是一名学生。The teacher asked me, “Can you swim? ”The teacher asked me whether (if) I could swim. 老师问我是否会游泳。老师问我是否会游泳。第11页/共17页用法用法例句例句(3)如果直接引语如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，要是特殊疑问句，要用相应的疑问词用相应的疑问词who, whom, whose, how, when等引导，等引导，助动词助动词do, does或或did要舍弃，并把要舍弃

13、，并把疑问语序改为陈述疑问语序改为陈述语序语序“What are you doing? ”my father asked. My father asked what I was doing. 爸爸问我在做什么。爸爸问我在做什么。“When did you come here? ”he asked. He asked me when I went there. 他问我什么时候去那儿。他问我什么时候去那儿。第12页/共17页用法用法例句例句(4)如果直接引语如果直接引语是祈使句，变为间是祈使句，变为间接引语时多用接引语时多用“名名词（代词）词（代词）+不定不定式式”结构，否定句结构，否定句在在to

14、前面加前面加not; 引引述动词常用述动词常用ask“请请求求”，tell“告诉告诉”，order“命令命令”等等“Please sit down. ” Jim said to me. Jim asked me to sit down. 吉姆请我坐下。吉姆请我坐下。“Dont make any noise. ” the teacher told us. The teacher told us not to make any noise. 老师告诉我们别出声。老师告诉我们别出声。第13页/共17页按要求改写句子按要求改写句子1. (2012安顺中考安顺中考)“Jack, can you help

15、 with the dinner? ”Jacks mother asked. （改成间接引语）（改成间接引语）Jack was asked _ he _ help with the dinner. 答案：答案：if; could第14页/共17页2. (2012孝感中考孝感中考)A: The teacher said to the students, “Dont take mobile phones to school. ”（改为同义句）（改为同义句）B: The teacher told the students _ _ take mobile phones to school. 3. (2011济南中考济南中考)My friend asked me“Can you make fruit salad? ”(改写句子，句意不变改写句子，句意不变)My friend asked me _ I _ make fruit salad. 答案：答案： 2. not to 3. if; could第15页/共17页4. (2011上海中考上海中考)Are there any new markets in Asia? The sales manager wants t