2016年高考英语“七选五”阅读集训营：“七选五”阅读3说明文（一）

1、2016年高考英语集训营“七选五”阅读说明文（一）（）A new report says plastics are responsible for 13 billion in damage to the oceans and the undersea environmentThe findings were announced recently at a United Nations conference1. Plastic thrown away carelessly makes its way into rivers and other waterways2. After a while，

2、it collects in the seaAnd plastic never goes awayPlastic is not biodegradabledestroyed by bacteria or natural processesInstead，it just breaks up into smaller pieces over timeThe oceans contain a lot of chemicals and other pollutants 3. That means harmful material may get into our food supply4. Human

3、 beings cause pollution and they can take steps to stop it. They can use fewer single use product containers and throw plastics away correctlyPlastic recycling programs also workswhere old bottles and other plastics are collected，broken down and used to make new productsWe could reuse bottles in our

4、 households many times i-f we wish to，rather than end it after the first useWe could，when we get rid of that plastic，recycle it and reuse it，which replaces the need for raw materials5. It asks for them to better measure and direct plastic useAnd it calls for information about the way plastic is thro

5、wn out or removed from useBy putting a new value on plastic，industry has a special reason to clean up the environmentBut all of the companies must join to deal with the problemAThen，fish may eat the plasticsBThe report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plasticsCThe plastic eventua

6、lly reaches coastal areas and ocean watersDThe report tells about harm to sea life and what might be done to improve the situationEPlastics should be gathered together and reusedFBut people can make a big differenceGIt is convenient to use plastic bags in everyday life（）Even if you think that your p

7、arents are mean-spirited at times, loving your parents is a normal and fulfilling part of life. You love them for the fact that they created you, raised you, and are in part, a source of who you are. Here are some ways to love your parents.6. A gentle good morning and I love you will warm a coldest

8、heart.Respect them more and cherish these moments. You can use these moments to learn from them, preparing yourself for when youre off on your own. Its OK to get angry but angry actions dont help you or your parents. Act calmly, cool off, write down your feelings, or talk to a friend. 7. Obey their

9、requests. It will make your attitude better and earn you more respect from them. It may seem like you are going through hell when you dont get what you want or you have to clean. However, you had better remember they keep a roof over your head when its cold, raining, snowing, or too hot. Understand

10、that parents are human beings and make mistakes. 8. Since you can forgive your friends, why not forgive your parents?Keep company with them. Do things with your parents like watching TV, or go somewhere with them.9. Listen to their old stories and learn from them. You will find they are your teacher

11、s in this way or another.Some people simply may not be able to love their parents. 10. Seek help if you are being abused in any way. Parents do not have a right to harm you.A. Forgiveness is the key.B. Tell them you love them every morning.C. Parents will in turn express their love to you.D. After t

12、his, share your feelings with your parents.E. Anyway, spend as much time with them as you can.F. Please remember parents are as important as friends.G. There can be realistic reasons for this, family violence for example.（）Although most games have winners and losers, the goal of sports is not to win

13、 every game. The real goals include getting exercise, having fun, and learning important social skills, like sportsmanship.Good sportsmanship is all about respect. Good sports (具有运动家品格的人) respect the other players on their team. They respect he players on opposing teams. They respect coaches, and th

14、ey also respect the referees or other officials involved in their games. 11. they yell at their teammates and they talk back to coaches or referees.Kids usually learn sportsmanship good and bad from the adults in their lives12. If parents and coaches show disrespect to other fans, referees, or each

15、other, kids will likely act the same way on the field.13. Some of them are very basic and easy to do, like shaking hands with other players before a game. Other examples may take a little more courage, such as acknowledging a great play made by the opposing team.Learning good sportsmanship is import

16、ant because it helps you develop an attitude of graciousness (礼貌) and respect that will carry over into all the other areas of your life! 14. Being a good sport in the classroom will eventually lead to being a good sport in the workplace.So be a good sport in whatever you do! 15. When others see you

17、 acting in a way that makes it clear that winning isnt the most important thing, you can move on to focusing on the important things, like having fun, getting exercise, and improving your skills.A. Good sportsmanship can be shown in many ways.B. On the contrary, bad sportsmanship is all about disres

18、pect.C. The example you set can be a powerful teaching tool for others.D. Players parents and coaches set examples that kids tend to follow.E. We can be good sports by encouraging others but not laughing at them.F. Starting as a good sport earlier will help you be a good sport as you get old.G. If y

19、oure a good sport on the field, youll also likely be a good sport in the classroom（）Tips on buying outdoor solar lightsAs solar lighting is becoming useful for homes, many different such outdoor lights can now be found in supermarkets. Here are some helpful tips for customers.Does your area receive

20、enough direct lighting?16. So you shouldn t even give it a thought if you live in an area that doesnt get much sunlight. These lights need direct sunlight, or they just wont work very well.17. The expensive one usually means good quality. Choosing the cheapest ones will result in many problems. For

21、once, its best to buy more expensive lights of high quality. 18. At least you should know the difference between a $ 10 light and a $ 45 light.Buy lights that require less installation(安装) .Most solar lights are simply driven into the ground. Therefore, you shouldnt deal with the difficulty in insta

22、lling a system that involves anything more than that. 19. You dont need to buy lights that require half an hour each to plant into the ground because thats just a waste of time.Make sure the lights can store enough energy.Different solar lights can store different amounts of energy. 20. Therefore, y

23、ou should choose lights that are able to store enough energy to last for a few hours or more, at least those that will last from nightfall throughout most of the night and part of the morning.A. Without sunlight, solar lighting is useless.B. Buy many solar lights instead of just one or two.C. It mea

24、ns some will stay lit longer than the others.D. Choose something a bit more expensive for once.E. Solar lights are becoming more and more popular.F. That doesn t mean you have to spend all your money.G. They should take a few minutes each to get into the ground.（）Why have you been so successful in r

25、eaching some of your goals, but not others? If you arent sure, you are far from alone in your confusion. It turns out that even brilliant, highly accomplished people are pretty lousy when it comes to understanding why they succeed or fail. The intuitive answer that you are born predisposed to certai

26、n talents and lacking in others is really just one small piece of the puzzle. In fact, decades of research on achievement suggests that successful people reach their goals not simply because of who they are, but more often because of what they do. 21. 1. Get specific. When you set yourself a goal, t

27、ry to be as specific as possible. Lose 5 pounds is a better goal than lose some weight, because it gives you a clear idea of what success looks like 22. Also, think about the specific actions that need to be taken to reach your goal.2. 23.Given how busy most of us are, and how many goals we are jugg

28、ling at once, its not surprising that we routinely miss opportunities to act on a goal because we simply fail to notice them. Did you really have no time to work out today? No chance at any point to return that phone call? Achieving your goal means grabbing hold of these opportunities before they sl

29、ip through your fingers.3. Know exactly how far you have left to go.Achieving any goal also requires honest and regular monitoring of your progress if not by others, then by you yourself. If you dont know how well you are doing, you cant adjust your behavior or your strategies accordingly. 24. It is

30、 my hope that, after reading about the nine things successful people do differently, you have gained some insight into all the things you have been doing right all along. Remember 25. Its never what you are, but what you do.A. Wait for opportunities to appearB. Seize the moment to act on your goalsC

31、. Here are things successful people do differentlyD. Next Ill talk about my own experience on how to achieve successE. You dont need to become a different person to become a more successful oneF. Check your progress frequently-weekly, or even daily, depending on the goalG. Knowing exactly what you w

32、ant to achieve keeps you motivated until you get there（）Each Indian tribe had a different language. Many Indians never learned any language except their own. Do you know how Indians from different tribes talked to each other? They had two ways to talk without sound. 26. Sign language is a way of tal

33、king by using signs. Indians used sign language when they met strangers. In this way, they could find out whether the stranger was a friend or an enemy. In the Indian sign language, signs were made with the hands. Indians usually used signals when they wanted to send messages to someone far away. To

34、 make signals, an Indian might use a pony. 27. Or he might use smoke, a mirror or fire arrows.To signal that he had seen many animals, an Indian rode his pony in a large circle. Sometimes the Indian gave a signal like this and then went away to hide. 28. The blanket signal was visible from far away.

35、 An Indian held the corners of a blanket in his hands. Then he began to swing the blanket from side to side in front of him. 29. He could also send many signals with a mirror. He usually used the mirror to warn someone of danger. Or he attempted to get the attention of a person far away. But he also

36、 used it to send messages in code. 30. At night, Indians used fire arrows for signaling.Now you can see that Indians didnt need to learn each others language. They could talk to one another by using signals or sign language.A. This meant that there was danger.B. He might use a blanket.C. Different t

37、hings mean different to them.D. One way was by sign language ; the other way by signals.E. An Indian could send many different signals with his blanket.F. But they still can make themselves understood.G. Of course, mirrors could be used only when the sun was shining.（）You probably love watching movi

38、es. They can be funny, sad, imaginative, inspiring, and so much more! There are so many possibilities and so many great movies to watch!The making of a movie usually begins with a script (written by a screenwriter) . _31. The producer is the person who is responsible for coordinating aspects of the

39、film like budget and scheduling. The producer plans out how the project will be carried out and he usually starts by hiring a director!32. The director will usually identify themes or feelings that he or she wants the movie to convey to its audience and will then assemble all the other people who wi

40、ll be needed, such as costume-designers, makeup artists, special effects crew, makeup artists, cameramen, cinematographers (who supervise and instruct the cameramen), and, of course, actors!Next, shooting begins! 33. Often a director will want to get several “takes” (versions) of a scene or moment a

41、nd usually only a few minutes of the movie are finished in one days work 34. So once filming is completed, the director must then work with editors to piece them all together, deciding which takes to use and adding in any special effects.The entire process from acquiring the script to editing the sc

42、enes generally takes months or even years! Once its ready, the finished movie is then distributed to movie theatres. 35. A. Scenes are also usually not shot in order.B. The actual filming can be a slow process.C. It gets bought by a movie studio or a producer.D. The way that movies are made has chan

43、ged a lot over time.E. The producer plays a very important role in making a movie.F. In movies the directors job is to bring the script to life on camera.G. People can watch and enjoy it in the theatre.2016年高考英语集训营 “七选五”阅读3说明文（一）参 考 答 案（）1.D 2.C 3.A 4.F 5.B【解析】联合国会议发布报道，塑料对海洋和海底环境的危害巨大。报道叙述了塑料是如何进入海

44、洋并危害海洋生物和人类的，报道呼吁人们和公司采取措施少使用塑料并做到废物的循坏再利用来保护我们的环境。1.D 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上句一份新的报告说,塑料对海洋和海底环境的危害要负责130亿美元的损失,而D选项内容The report tells about harm to sea life and what might be done to improve the situation说这份报告讲述了对海洋生物的危害以及可能做些什么来改善环境，内容符合语境，可以承接上文，故选D。2.C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上句塑料不小心丢弃使其进入河流和其他水路。以及下句不久

45、它就会聚集在大海。而C选项内容The plastic eventually reaches coastal areas and ocean waters说塑料最终到达沿海地区和海水区域，内容符合语境，可以承接上下文，故选C。3.A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上句海洋中含有大量的化学物质和其他污染物。以及下句这意味着有害物质可能进入我们的食物供应。而A选项内容Then，fish may eat the plastics那么鱼可能会吃塑料，内容符合语境，可以承接上下文，故选A。4.F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下句人类造成污染,他们也可以采取措施来阻止它。而F选项内容But p

46、eople can make a big difference但是人们可以产生很大的影响,内容符合语境，可以承接下文，故选F。5.B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下句它要求他们更好地衡量和直接的塑料使用，它要求有关塑料丢弃或使用方式的信息。而B选项内容The report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plastics该报告还呼吁公司改善使用塑料的方法，内容符合语境，可以承接下文，故选B。（）6.B 7.D 8.A 9.E 10.G【解析】本文是一篇关于如何爱父母的说明文。作者从三个方面分别讲述了和父母拉近距离

47、的方法，同时也告诫我们，如果从父母那里受到了伤害要寻求帮助。6. gentle good morning and I love you will warm a coldest heart。一声早安或者我爱你会温暖一颗冷心。该空的句子跟早上问好有关，故选B7. 略8. you can forgive your friends, why not forgive your parents?既然你能原谅你的朋友，为什么不能原谅你的父母呢？根据这一句可以得知前一句也是跟原谅有关的，故选A9. 略10. are being abused 你正被虐待可以得知前一句里面应该含有与虐待有关的词，G中有famil

48、y violence家庭暴力，故选G（）11.B 12.D 13.A 14.G 15.C【解析】本题主要是对考生句意、段意的综合性考查，要求考生会联系上下文，会归纳主旨大意，属于阅读理解的基础题。11. they yell at their teammates and they talk back to coaches or referees. 可知这一部分先讲的是尊重教练、裁判和其他的人员的良好体育员关系、后讲的是与前面内容相反的不良关系，体育员吼队员、反驳教练与裁判。前后内容相反。故选B12.略 13.略 14.略15. When others see you acting in a wa

49、y that makes it clear that winning isnt the most important thing可知无论你做什么都要尽力，当人们看到你的表现方式就会明白胜利不是最重要的事情.所以你树立的榜样对别人来说是一个很好的焦旭工具。故选C（）16.A 17.D 18.F 19.G 20.C【解析】文章主要告诉我们如何购买和安装户外太阳能灯。16.根据后句So you shouldn t even give it a thought if you live in an area that doesnt get much sunlight.可知没有阳光，太阳能灯是无用的。故A

50、正确。17.根据下面第一句The expensive one usually means good quality.可知这里是建议买贵一点的东西。故D正确。18.根据后一句At least you should know the difference between a $ 10 light and a $ 45 light.可知还是要区别价格的。故F项正确。19.根据前句Most solar lights are simply driven into the ground.和后句You dont need to buy lights that require half an hour each to plant into the ground because thats just a waste of time.可知得出答案。故G 正确。20.根据后一句Therefore, you should choose lights that are able to store enough energy to last for a few hours or more可知答案故C正确。（）21.C 22.G 23.B 24.F 25.E【解析】为什么你能完成你的某些目标但是不能完成另一些？调查研究发现成功人士之所以成功不是因为他们是谁，而是因为他们做了什么。21.C考查