复习课程--专题二：名词性从句主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句

1、 名词性从句知识结构图解定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses). 名词性从句包括主语,宾语,表语,同位语从句. 名词性从句中使用陈述句语序。 从属连词that; whether; if (只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分） 连接代词 what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which,等.在从句 1.分类 中做主语，宾语，表语，定语等句子成分。 连接副词when, where, how, why, whenever, however, wherever等在从句中做状语成分。 引导名词性 2

2、. 名词性从句的连接词选用原则：“缺什么就补什么” 从句的连接词 I know what he is talking about. (从句中缺宾语,指物) Do you know who he is? (从句中缺表语,指人) Where he will go is unknown. (从句中缺地点状语) Im sure that they will come tomorrow. (从句中什么都不缺) I dont know which book I should choose. (从句中缺定语) 定义：充当主语功能的句子叫主语从句That she was chosen made a great

3、 stir (轰动) in her school. 注意: it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系： It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary / important that. 是有必要 / 重要的. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is universally acknowledged that./ It is known that众所周知 It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge/ a fact that 是常识/事实 It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It ha

4、ppens that碰巧. / It occurs to sb.that 突然想起名 主语从句 It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 强调句： It is in the morning that the murder took place. (去掉该结构后,句子成分完整) 词 主语从句：It was a pity that you shouldnt go to see the film. （在句子中作主语成分）whatever /whichever/ whoever引导主语从句的区别 Whatever 是what的强调形式表示“无论什么”相当于 anything that 从 Whateve

5、r / Anything that she does is wrong. whoever 是who的强调形式，表示无论谁 相当于anyone who. 句 ever Whoever / Anyone who walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. whichever 无论哪个;无论哪些,既指人,又指物. 可修饰名词与of连用 Whichever book you borrow doesnt matter to us. Whichever of us fulfills his task will lend a hand to ot

6、hers. 定义：在复合句中充当宾语功能的句子叫宾语从句We can learn what we didnt know.We find it necessary that we (should) practice English every day. 某些作表语的形容词，如sure, happy, glad, certain等之后可带宾语从句 I am glad that you can come and help me. 注意： wish/would rather后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。 I wish I had finished my homework yesterday. Id ra

7、ther you had been there yesterday 在表示建议,命令, 请求的词后面的宾语从句当中用should + V, should可以省略 宾语从句 His pale face suggested that he was ill so I suggested that he should go to see the doctor. He insisted that he was innocent and insisted that he should be set free. 注意it作形式宾语的结构 We all thought it a pity that we ha

8、d missed the lesson. I took it for granted that they were not coming. that一般不接介词宾语，偶尔可作except, in的宾语；其它介词后面需用it作形式宾语 He differs from his roommates in that he devoted his spare time to reading. He knows nothing about Jim except that he is from London. You can depend on it that he will help you in tim

9、e of emergency. 表示好恶的动词如like; hate; love;enjoy; dislike; appreciate等后面不能直接跟宾语； I like it when the weather is sunny. I hate it when someone is later for my class. 定义：充当表语功能的句子被叫做表语从句。 复习系动词的概念和类别！The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.表语从句 注意：reason后面的表语从句只能用that,不能

10、用why引导. The reason is that（because ) The reason why we didnt trust him is that he has often lied. (该句型中why引导一个定语从句) 定义：同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该名词的具体内容. 这些名词主要是表示抽象概念的词如fact, news, promise, idea, truth; possibility; statement; warning; advice等 同位语的引导词有that; whether; why; who; where; how等；其中that和whether只起引导

11、作用其他连词具有实际意思，同时在同位语中作句子成分。 The news that China broken the world record in the Olympic Games has cheered all of us. The question why so many people would choose to live in the countryside but to work in the city is still 同位语从句 under discussion. ( why 引导同位语从句解释说明中心语question的内容；且why在从句中作状语) 注意： 只起引导作用时

12、，连接词用that而不用which Where did you get the idea that she could not come. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别： 就看that在作引导的从句中是否做句子成分 The suggestion that he raised at the meeting is very important. （that 引导定语) The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very good. (that引导同位语从句)在名词性从句当中只能用wh, 在引导让步状语从句两者

13、可以互换. No matter+wh He will believe whatever others say. (划线部分部分为名词性从句，不能互换)名 wh+ever区别 Whatever others say, he will believe it. (划线部分为状语从句，可以互换) Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. (不可互换)词 原则：能用if的情况，都能用whether表“是否”性 在表语, 同位语，主语(置于句首时)从句时只用whether表“是否” The question is whethe

14、r the film is worth seeing. （表语从句）从 I have no idea whether we should go to the party. （同位语从句）Whether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. (主语从句 句首)句 It hasnt been decided yet if we shall attend the meeting. Whether / if区别 It is doubtful whether / if he will come here. (主语从句，句末时可互换) 形容

15、词；介词；discuss后的宾语从句中只用whether表“是否” It depends on whether you can do the work well. (介词宾语) 几个难点 The students are discussing whether they will go out for a picnic this Sunday. I am not sure whether he will come here or not. (形容词的宾语) whether与to do； whether与or或 or not 的搭配 The question is whether to stay

16、or leave. Do you mind whether a man or woman does the job. ：主语，表语，同位语从句中that不能省略 That they are good at English is known to all. （主语从句） The problem is that we dont have enough money. （表语从句） The fact that there are still many people suffering from poverty is really a great problem to the Chinese gover

17、nment. (同位语从句) ：在宾语从句中that在以下几种情况中不能省略关于that的省略 做介词宾语时that不能省略I know nothing about my neighbor except that he used to work abroad. 由it作形式宾语时，that引导的宾语从句中，that不可省略 We all consider it important that every student (should) be treated properly. 句子含多个并列句时，引导第二和以后几个从句的that不可省略Everyone knew what happened a

18、nd that she was worried. 宾语从句被隔开时，that不能省略 I never doubt, under any circumstance, that he will study hard. 如果名词性从句中又含有从句，此时that不能省略 Keep in mind that if you want others to respect you, you must respect others first. (that不能省略，后面的宾语从句中含有一个条件状语从句)1. His success was because of _ he had been working har

19、d.A. that B. the fact which C.the fact that D.the fact2.Is Mary from New York City I dont know _.A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she comeC. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from3._ makes mistakes must correct them.A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever4. The

20、 reason why I didnt go to Shanghai was _ a new job.A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got D. that I got5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. for 6. Henry killed the dog. Ill ask him why _.A. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he has done so 7.

21、 Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know _.A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting alongC. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever9. He asked me _ with

22、me.A. what is the trouble B. what wrong was C. what was the matter D. what trouble it is10. I am sure _ he said is true.A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what11. When and why he came here _ yet.A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee12.I wonder how much _.A. does the

23、 watch cost B. did the watch cost C. the watch costed D. the watch costs13. Mary is _ someone might recognize her.A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for14._ is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was

24、 a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late15. They came to the conclusion _ by a computer.A. that not all things can be done B. because of not all things be doneC. being not all things can be done D. because not all things can be done16. Why the explosion occurred was _ the laboratory attendant

25、 had been careless.A. for B. because C. since D. that17. I dont doubt _ hell come.A. that B. if C. what D. whether18.Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang Well, I forget _ I was supposed to go to.A. which the room B. which room C. what was the room D. what room was it19. Output is now six time

26、s _ it was before liberation.A. that B. which C. what D. of which20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet shes now buying a big house.Carol: Yes. Because shes always saved _.A. what little she earns B. how little she earns C. for little she earns D. with little she earns21._ surprised me most was

27、 _ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.A. That.what B. What.that C. That.which D. What.which22. We gave him _ help we could.A. which B. what C. that D. this23. She is pleased with what you have given him and _ you have told him.A. that B. which C. all what D. all that 24. Excuse

28、 me would you please tell me _ A. when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet going to be heldC. when is the sports meet to begin D. when the sports meet is to take place25. Do you happen to know _ A. what size shoes he wears B. how big shoes he wearsC. what is the size of his sho

29、es D. what number shoes are his26. This book will show you _ can be used in other contexts.A. how you have observed B. how what you have observedC. that you have observed D. how that you have observed27. Where do you think _ A. has he gone B. has he been C. hes gone D. was he28. Do you know _ A. how

30、 many populations there are in the world B. how much population there is in the worldC. how many the population of the world isD. what the population of the world is29. Would you go and see _ outside A. what to take place B. what Tom has happened C. what is happening D. what the matter had been30. T

31、he subject of What is interesting is that I do not even know him. is_.A. What B. interesting C. What is interesting D. I31._ I think he is Charles.A. Who do you think he is B. Do you think who he isC. Whom do you think he isD. Do you think who he is32. He didnt know which room _.A. they lived B. the

32、y lived in C. did they live D. did they live in33. The little boy ate _ his mother gave him.A. that B. which C. whatever D. no matter what34. The city is no longer _. A. what it is B. that it used to be C. which it was D. what it used to be35. My parents used _ they had to get a new car for me.A. wh

33、ich B. that C. what D. all what36._ we go swimming every day _ us a lot of good.A. If.do B. That.do C. If.does D. That.does37._ was the idea _ the wife thought of A. What.that B. That.what C. How.why D. Why.how38._ did he tell his wife _ he wished to do A. That.what B. What.that C. Where.which D. Wh

34、ich.where 39.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right.A. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that40. I have no idea _ or not he has finished the work.A. if B. that C. whether D. which41.Do you know _ His father is a doctor.A. what is his father B. who is his fatherC. what his

35、 father is D. who his father is 42. Is this _ we met each other two years ago A. place B. place in which C. where D. place which43. It _ Bob drives badly.A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that44.We all know the truth _ there are air, water and sunlight there are living

36、things.A. where B. wherever C. that D. that wherever 45. They discussed _ they could settle the problem without others help.A. if B. that C. what D. whether46. She asked _.A. what I was doing when she rang me up B. what was I doing when she rang me upC. when she rang me up what I was doing D. when d

37、id she ring me up what I was doing47. - May I borrow the ring - You can take _ you like.A. no matter what B. which C. whichever D. that 48. He said that he was fond of _.A. what beautiful is B. what is beautiful C. beautiful is what D. what it is beautiful49. He insisted that he _ in good health and

38、 _ to work there.A. was, be sent B. is, is sent C. be, was sent D. be, send50. Do you know _ he expects will give us a talk A. who B. whom C. that D. whose51. Its uncertain _ the experiment is worth doing.A. if B. that C. whether D. how52. They would have fixed the telephone yesterday _ it was a hol

39、iday.A. except B. except for C. except that D. but for53._ is to do good all ones life and never do anything bad.A. Whichever is hard B. No matter what is hardC. What is hard D. All what is hard54._ the boy didnt take medicine made his mother angry.A. That B. What C. How D. Which55. As the day was f

40、ine, I made the suggestion _ for a walk in the park.A.we go B.we will go C.should we go D.that we go56._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what57._ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether58. You cant imagine

41、 _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC. how excited were they D. they were how excited59._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where60_he really means is _he disagrees with us.A. What that B. That

42、 what C. Why that D. If what61._is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A. That B. Why C. How D. Who62._well finish translating the book depends on the time.A. When B. Why C. What D. That63._the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrows meeting.A. If B. Where C. That D. What64._he wont go there is clear to all of us