语法填空解题策略和语法专项练习

1、 高中英语单句改错解题技巧（含原创专题训练） （注：专题训练中A级为基础题B级为能力提升题） 单句改错解题技巧： Attention：单句改错改错时改“错”，而不是把句中的表达法改成另外的表达形式。很多人对这个概念比较模糊。把原句中并没有错的形式改成了自己认可的另外一种形式，虽然改后的表达法也是对的，但这样做偏离了这类题型的答题要求，因而也不能得分。（一）多词 1、多冠词 Suddenly，I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd 【重要提示】：1不可数名词表示泛指时不用冠词。 Modern people know more abo

2、ut the health，have better food，and 2与by连用的交通工具及air，land，sea等名词前不用冠词。by bike骑自行车，by sea由海路，乘船 3有些名词（如：school，class，hospital， church，prison，bed， table，town等）与相应介词连用，表示有关活动时，不用冠词。 go to school去上学，in prison坐牢，at table在吃饭 4球类运动、棋类游戏前，不用冠词。 play basketball打篮球，play chess下棋 5most作“非常”解时，前面不用定冠词 the。 She is

3、most pretty她非常漂亮。 6as或though引导让步状语从句，构成倒装结构，前置的名词不用任何冠词。Child as he is，he knows a lot虽然他只是孩子，知道的却很多。 2、多介词 We practise for three times every week but we do not seem to get much time to talk about together 【重要提示】： 1last night，next week，this year，one day，three times等名词词组直接充当时间状语，前面不用介词。 2有些动词在汉语中是不及物动

4、词，在英语中却是及物动词，由于受汉语影响，可能多一个介词。 serve for the people；follow after the teacher；marry with her；make him as our monitor； play with Tom in a match 3有些表示地点的副词，其意义中已包含to，如果再加to，则多余。 on ones way to there，return to home，go to upstairs 4有些副词或介词词组后加另一个介词，构成复合介词，若后面没有介词宾语，介词则多余。同样，有些动词短语是“动词介词”结构，若后面没有介词宾语，介词则多余

5、。 If you wont go，Ill go instead of She listened to but heard nothing (look at)5有些动词或形容词后接名词或代词时，须加一个介词，但接从句时，必须去掉介词。 I never knew about a ride down a river could be so exciting I am sorry for that he wont come 3、词义重叠 Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher 【重要提示】 1有些词受汉语影响，多一副词或

6、介词，造成词义重叠 return back回来，repeat again重复，flee away逃走，enter into进入，blue colour蓝色， stop down停下来，raise up举起来，unpack open打开 ，set down, rise up2定语从句中的一个宾语，已由关系代词取代，再用一个代词是多余的。 I do remember you having apologized to the old lady I met her last week 3单音节的形容词或副词比较等级加-er、-est，多音节加more、most，但二者不能同时重叠使用。 As a re

7、sult，people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past 4、出现冗言现象 Today I visited the Smithsmy first time visit to an American family 【重要提示】 1状语从句与主句之间多一并列连词。 2充当状语的介词短语与主句之间多一关系代词或关系副词。 3充当状语的分词与主句之间多一并列连词。 4从属连词后多一个that。 5复合宾语前多一个that。 ( )Though he tried his best，but

8、 he failed ( )The more he has，and the more he wants ( )Sitting down，and he began to work ( )In the last five years that they have climbed churches ( )in other places where you are limited to a certain number ( )I found that her lying on the ground ( )She was absent from the meeting because that she

9、was ill 5、固定搭配中多词 I was used to watch it every night in any other words，I am an only child【析】in other words为固定搭配，意为“换句话说”，而any other意为“任何别的”，与本文上下文不符。 6、行文逻辑上多词 First，let me tell you something more about myself（二）缺词 1、名词前缺限定词 Each player must obeycaptain，who is the leader of the teamthe 【析】此处应加上the，

10、特指“球队的队长”。 【重要提示】： 1在“so形容词可数名词单数”结构中，名词前不能缺a或an。 This is so good a book that we will buy it This is such a good book that we will buy it 2little，few表示肯定时，前面不能缺a，意为“一些”。 a little water，但是“每隔几分钟”应说成 every few minutes。 3有些不可数名词（如：metal，beauty， iron，tea，coffee，ice，youth，pleasure，success，failure等），表示“一种

11、”、“一个”、“一杯”时，应加上a或an。 Work is a pleasure to me 4）“the 姓氏复数”表示一家人时，the不能省。 The Browns like to go skating 5表示“两者之中比较的一个”时，比较级前应加the。 He is the taller of the two boys 6在句中可数名词不可单独使用，前面应有限定词，如his，that，Toms ，the ，a等。 When we walked to the car，Bill smiled and shookhead（his） 2、缺动词不定式符号to and will do all th

12、ey canmake sure that I get a good education（to） 【重要提示】 1不定式作后置定语，不定式符号to不能省。 But then there are always more mysteries look into(to) 2一般说来，两个实义动词不能并列使用，中间常用to连接。 The World Health Organization and other organizations are workingimprove health all over the world(to) 3feel，hear，let，make，have，see，notice，

13、watch，observe等动词变成被动结构时，充当主语补足语的不定式不能省去to。 Little Tom was made to do heavy work 4为了避免重复前面的动词，后面的不定式常常省略，但要保留不定式符号to。 We wanted to go to the lecture，but we werent able to 3、缺系动词 Theyeager to know everything about Chinawere 【析】eager为形容词，必须加系动词构成系表结构。 【重要提示】： 1由于受汉语的影响，有些形容词作表语时，常常缺系动词。 She afraid of h

14、er boss (is)2在被动结构中，由于缺少助动词，变成了主动语态，造成错误。 and let you know when the book you want has returned and is ready for you to pickup(been)4、缺介词 but the others spent a lottime arguing(of) 【析】a lot of是固定习语，意为“许多，大量”，后加宾语。 【重要提示】： 改错题对介词的考查，重点是一些固定搭配，再如：When I have free time I goa long walk，for，因此，同学们在学习和复习中应

15、牢记一些固定搭配。 5、缺连词 In one class，I learned it rained(why) 【析】本句缺连词，造成句子成份残缺，只有加上why，句子的意义才完整。 【重要提示】： 1在汉语中，分句与分句之间往往不用连词，但在英语中却不行。 It began to rain，and they had to stop working 2受母语影响，几个同类词并列连用时，它们之间往往缺一连词。 I told Mother，Father，Sister，all my friends here what a great time I had(and) He looked inside bu

16、t saw nothing 3that引导的主语从句置于句首时，that常常不能省。 That light travels in straight line is known to all 4引导同位语从句的连词that，when等常不可省。 The doctors came to the conclusion that the patient was suffering from cancer I have no idea when he will return 5在even if，even though，as if，as though等短语中，第二个连词不能缺少。 He walks as

17、if though he were drunk （三）错词 1、可数名词单复数误用 She said that she and all my schoolmate wished me success，(schoolmates) 【重要提示】： 对名词单复数的考查是高考的热点之一，几乎每年考查一处。因此，为了对名词错误判断准确，应该： 1要弄清名词是可数名词还是不可数名词。 We stopped to rest for a while and to drink some waters from a stream(water) 2要掌握好可数名词复数的变化规则。 There are branch

18、library in many villages (libraries) 3要注意一些名词单复数的特殊变化。 4要熟练运用名词的所有格。 2、时态误用 I learn about you from my English teacher，M iss Fang(learned) I am happy with any programme but the others spent a lot of time(was)【重要提示】： 动词时态是短文改错考查的热点之一，一般说来，每年考查一处，而且近几年高考主要考查现在时与过去时的误用。 3、非谓语动词误用 It was very kind of the

19、m to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home (drive) Play football not only makes us grow up(playing) 【重要提示】： 1V-ing形式作主语、宾语或状语是考查热点之一。 Ill spend the whole weekend reading and prepare for it(preparing) After learn the basics of the subject， nothing else seemed very practical to me(

20、 learning) 2过去分词与现在分词的区别是另一考查热点。此时重点要看分词与主语或逻辑主语的关系。 After an hour or so，we began to feel very frightening(frightened) 3情态动词后应用动词原形，却误用了非谓语动词。 David pointed to a path which he thought would probably leading to a village(lead)4被动语态中的过去分词误用成动词原形。 Books may be keep for four weeks(kept)5掌握好动词不定式带to与不带to

21、的差异。 6有些动词后接不定式，有些动词后接动名词，应牢记这些动词。 4、主谓不一致 Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit(gives) 【重要提示】 ：1谓语动词的单复数一般取决于前面主语的单复数。 Anyone may borrow books，and it cost nothing to borrow them(costs) 2not onlybut also，neithernor，eitheror等并

22、列连词联接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数应采取就近一致原则。 3There be结构中，谓语动词也应采取就近一致原则。 But then there is always more mysteries to look intoare 4注意把集合名词（如：family，class， team等）和不定代词（如：all ，none等）放在具体语境中，判断其谓语动词的单复数。 5、代词不一致 The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home(their)Now someone at home reads instead (everyone everybod

23、y)【重要提示】 ：1根据上下文判断，出现了代词不一致。 And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game(we) 2倾向于考查学生对不定代词、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词以及代词的主格与宾格等诸方面知识的掌握与运用能力。 And I cant forget the good food you cooked for I (me) 3人称代词性别上的误用也是常见的错误形式之一。 6、连词误用 She said that she and my schoolmates all wished me succ

24、ess，but it didnt matter that I would win or not(whether) 【析】it为形式主语，whether I would win or not是真正的主语，意为“我是否能赢”。 It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest(or)【析】句意为：看起来我的父母亲把我当成了“visitor”或“guest”了。二者为选择关系，而非并列关系，故将and改为or。 【重要提示】 ：1正确掌握各连词的含义及其在从句中的应用。 Most people can quickly get he

25、lp from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill( whenif) 2熟练应用表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系的连词：and，or，but，so，therefore， however，etc She was smiling but nodding at me(and) 3弄清whether和if的含义及用法区别。 and whether you pay the cost of send- ing a postcard，the librarian will write to you (if) 7、关系代词与关系副词误用 I live

26、in Beijing，where is the capital of China(which) 【析】此处是非限制性定语从句，关系代词which作主语。 【重要提示】： 1正确区分关系代词之间的区别，尤其是that和which的区别。 in other places you are limited to a certain number，of that some may be novels(which)2正确区分关系代词与关系副词的区别，并掌握它们的用法。 However，there are still some countries there people have shorter live

27、s(where) 8、词性误用 Also the sport teaches us the important of obedience(importance)【析】本句应该用名词importance作动词 teach的直接宾语。 Unfortunate，there are too many people in my family(Unfortunately) 【析】此处应该用副词unfortunately作状语，意为“不幸的是”。 【重要提示】 ：词性误用指的是动词与名词混淆，副词与形容词混淆等等。这就要求我们在平时学习中重视词性及各类词的基本用途，尤其是弄清它在句中所作的成分。再如： Im

28、 sure well have a wonderfully time together(wonderful) 9、限定词误用 Today I visited the Smithsmy first visit to a American family(an) 【析】American为元音音标开头的单词，故应用不定冠词an。 We may be one family and live under a same roof，(the)【析】same意为“同样的”，前面应加定冠词the。 10、词义辨析错误 They did not want me to do any work at family，(h

29、ome) 【析】family侧重指“家庭这个结构或家里的人”，而home则侧重指“家庭的所在地”。因此“在家里”应用at home。 【重要提示】 ：在英语中，有许多同义词、近义词和反义词，在平时学习中应抓好基础，牢记每一个词的异同点和侧重点。再如： Uncle Ben will also go back for Christmas (come) 单句改错专题训练：下面每句话中有一处错误，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。（修改后不改变句子意思） 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词

30、。 名词单句改错专题训练A级1. What a lot of works I have to finish today! 2. Both Marx and Engels were Germen.3. What a beautiful weather we are having recently!4. Most of them are woman doctors.5. He wrote a three-hundred-words report.6. There are four baskets of apple in that room.7. This computer cost me eigh

31、t thousands yuan.8. Mr. Zhang looks very happy today. He has got many good news from here.9. This hat of my fathers is rather old.10.He made many mistakes in his composition because of careless.B级 1. Will you please make a room for the lady outside?2. The number of the students in our school are inc

32、reasing.3. She has made some progresses in English.4. His work is better than anyone else.5. Weve missed the last bus. Im afraid we have no way but to take a taxi.6. He dropped the coffees cup and broke it.7. He gained his wealths by printing works of famous writers.8. I spent last weekend with the

33、Palmers.9. My brother has had one of his tooth taken out.10.Youll find this map of great valuable in helping you to get round London. 数词单句改错专题训练A级 1. There are three hundreds and sixty-five days in a year.2. The sun is 93 millions miles away from the earth.3. This company has two hundred of workers.

34、4. Hundreds of people attended the party last night.5. The boy wrote a two-hundred-words composition.6. I is the nine letter of the English alphabet(字母表).7. Whats the date today? - Its February the two.8. John arrived at 7:00 and Tom arrived at 6:00. So John was the first to arrive.9. What time is i

35、t by your watch? - Its a half past seven.10. About two-fifth of the students are from the countryside in this school.B级 1. When he was in his forty, he moved to America.2. People lived a hard life in forties.3. What date is it? - Its the twenty-first of June.4. The city has a population eight millio

36、n.5. It took me one and a half hour to finish the work.6. The hero of the story is an artist in his thirtieth.7. Shortly after the accident, dozens police were sent to the spot to keep order.8. I have seen a lot after five thousand mile of journey, but have learned very little.9. Three-tenths of for

37、ty is twenty.10. Five pounds of apples doesnt cost two dollar.代词单句改错专题训练 A级 1. She gave the books to you, him and I.2. Whose dictionary is this? - Its my.3. This is Toms cap, not yours.4. I havent brought the dictionary with me. Will you lend me your?5. Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cou

38、sin of hers.6. He is too young to look after he.7. He always helps others. This is why we trust him.8. That took him three hours to finish the homework.9. Who is that man? - He is a teacher.10. They were both very tired, but none of them would stop to take a rest.B级 1. It is me who am going to help

39、her.2. He thinks more of others than of oneself.3. We had better ask the president himself about it.4. That is exactly all what I want to tell you.5. What she said is the same as us.6. The weather in summer in Beijing is hotter than it in Guangzhou.7. He runs faster than anyone in our class.8. I don

40、t think that possible to master a foreign language in a short time.9. Each of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret.10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of those hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.副词单句改错专题训练 A级 1. The door was widely open.2. Ill help you as more

41、as I can.3. He is as tall a fellow as his elder brother.4. Mike didnt speak clear so we couldnt understand him.5. John swims better than I, but he doesnt swim as good as my brother.6. He works hardly.7. He runs very fastly.8. Harry worked good here yesterday.9. He was deep moved by what she said.10.

42、 A plane is flying highly in the sky.B级 1. Dont make any changes till farther notice.2. Its colder in Tianjin than Beijing, though Tianjin is father to the south and nearer to the sea.3. Ill try and be careful in future.4. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining hardly.5. They h

43、ad to dig deeply to find water.6. I know the government thinks high of his invention.7. He often comes to work early and leaves off lately.8. What he said sounded prettily interesting.9. The Emperor opened his eyes widely but still saw nothing.10. I firmly believe you are right.动词的时态单句改错专题训练 A级 1. T

44、he teacher told that the sun rose in the east.2. I will speak to him when I will see him next Sunday.3. I will get everything ready before my boss come back.4. Does your mother has lunch at home?5. He was writing a letter at the moment, I believe.6. He cant be waiting us.7. I am looking at the sky,

45、and I see a strange star.8. I havent seen her since two months.9. She has gone to Beijing several times.10. Jane is doing some cleaning this time yesterday.B级 1. If it wont rain, we will go to visit the zoo.2. The new secretary will supposed to report to the manager as soon as she arrives.3. When I

46、was at college I spoken three foreign languages, but I had forgotten all except a few words of each.4. The police found that the house has been broken into and a lot of things stolen.5. The volleyball match will be put off if it rain.6. Mary is making a dress when she cut her finger.7. This is the f

47、irst time I had been here.8. You can join the club when you will get a bit older.9. Mother promised she will buy me a bike.10. - We could have walked to the station. It was so near. - Yes. A taxi wasnt at all necessary.动名词单句改错专题训练 A级 1. Walk is good exercise.2. We must practise in speaking English.3

48、. He hasnt finished read the novel.4. I enjoy myself working with you.5. Would you mind fill out this form?6. Im sorry I missed see you while in Beijing.7. He was busy to preparing his lessons.8. When my father heard this news, he could help laughing.9. Thank you for tell me the news.10. I dont feel

49、 like go to a film.B级 1. Its no use explain such things to the little child.2. Ive been looking forward coming to Beijing for a long time.3. They failed to pass the exam last time. I regretted not be able to help them.4. I think it useless go to such a place.5. Im sorry to have kept you wait.6. I ha

50、ve no idea of their have done such a thing.7. He apologized for he not being able to come.8. Mrs. Harley has a habit of asking question and then not listen to the answers.9. - Its getting very late. Maybe we shouldnt go.- No. Lets go. Getting there late is better than not arrive at all.10. Its impor

51、tant for parents and children to learn how to get through to each other and skills in understanding and be understood.定语从句单句改错专题训练A级 1. This is the museum where I once visited.2. The pencil with that he is writing is his.3. This is the house where I lived in last year.4. The first book which I read

52、was Gone With the Wind.5. Everything which we saw there was interesting.6. She heard a terrible noise, that made her swallow her heart.7. The doctor, who the nurse is talking to him, is leaving for Africa next month.8. Who is the woman who shook hands with you just now?9. Do you still remember the d

53、ays we spent together?10. All what is needed is a supply of oil.B级 1. Is this the book which youre looking?2. I dont like the way which you speak to her.3. The word write has the same pronunciation like the word right.4. He was one of the students who was praised by the teacher at the meeting.5. The

54、 child who parents died is called an orphan.6. The weather turned out to be fine, which was more than we could expect.7. Is this the museum where you paid a visit to the other day.8. Which of you can think of a situation which this idiom is often used?9. He soon spent the money, most of it was earne

55、d in a dishonest way.10. The days when we were together without any worries are gone and Ill always remember the days when we spent together.名词性从句单句改错专题训练A级1. Which she was chosen made us very happy.2. That we need is more time.3. If she will come or not is still a question.4. Whom will go is important.5. Which team will win the match is still unknown.6. They are just that I shall have.7. The question is whether it worth doing.8. We heard the news our team had won.9. The fact when he had not said anything surprised everybody.10. He was interested in all what