a woman on a roofPPT课件

1、About the author Doris Lessing is a British novelist, poet, playwright, librettist, biographer and short story writer. Lessing was awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize in Literature. In doing so the Swedish Academy described her as that epicist of the female experience, who with scepticism, fire and visiona

2、ry power has subjected a divided civilisation to scrutiny.“女性经验的史诗作者，以其怀疑的态度、激情和远见，清楚地剖析了一个分裂的文化”。Freudian personality structure theoryFreudian personality structure theoryId: functions in the irrational and emotional part of the mind. At birth a babys mind is all Id - want want want. The Id is the

3、primitive mind. It contains all the basic needs and feelings.And it has only one rule - pleasure principleEgo: functions with the rational part of the mind. The Ego develops out of growing awareness that you cant always get what you want. The Ego relates to the real world and operates via the realit

4、y principleSuperego: The Superego is the last part of the mind to develop. It might be called the moral part of the mind. It stores and enforces rules. It constantly strives for perfection, even though this perfection ideal may be quite far from reality or possibility. IThe Assumption of SimilarityA

5、bout the novelA Woman On a Roof is a short story written by a Nobel winner Doris Lessing, published in 1963 in London. It told a funny story between a woman sunbathing on a roof in bikini and three men, Tom, Stanley and Harry, working on the next roof 20 feet away. The men were attracted by the woma

6、n. They let out wolf whistles, yelled, stamped, swore to attract the womans attention but finally got anger by her gesture of total indifference. The story began with a background of during the week of hot sun, that June.,which seemed through the intolerable, burning weather to imply conflict in dif

7、ferent age in England. say nothing, but he was excited and grinning(露齿笑）craning his head all ways to see morehis mind was full of the nearly naked womanTom report was that she hadnt moved, but it was a lieprimal urges for love and sexregard as the woman belongs to him and nobody can share. He is pos

8、sessive(占有欲强的）Tom-IdSo under quite a lot of impulse(冲动）, he took steps. He came over, and expressed his uncontrollable love for the woman.Tom imagined himself at work on the crane（起吊机）, adjusting the arm to swing over and pick herTom felt alone again, last night she had him into her flatwhen reality

9、 cant satisfy his desire: illusion， dreamrefused resentment（愤怒）desire realityThe Assumption of SimilarityTom-IdStereotypesYoung Tom is a innocent daydreamer, but energetic and full of human nature. He hasnt gotten in the ways of the life. Life, for him means curiosity, possibilities, and start. His

10、life experience is spotlessly white. All the behavior are out of the nature of id. So he took chance to express appreciation for the woman. However, life, for him rejection, disillusion and torment（折磨）.Tom awoke from romantic dream and began aware of his poor social condition and felt righteous indi

11、gnation. Realizing that life for him is not a easy living, he has to face the reality as a low worker. shes stark naked, someone will report it if she doesnt watch outher back all naked save for the scarlet triangle on her buttocks. Ive got a good mind to report her to the policeI bet her old man ha

12、s put his foot downbitchwhistlecriticize the woman, from the common sense of the moral standar of societyself judge-independent egoStanley-Egocomplain most: hard work, hot weatherwoman：Nothing to do but lie about as if it was a beach up there.be interested in the womanbe aloof(冷淡） from herrealise th

13、e reality: difference in social classunder controlStanley-EgoThe Assumption of SimilarityStanley-EgoStanley, older than Tom, after all,got to know some ways of life. His attitude towards work was out of mind. He never dealt with work seriously. Life, for him, is just for fun. But Stanley is the repr

14、esentative of the general ego, who have the consciousness of reality, and try to control his nature to balance perception and rationality. He whistled to the woman out of instinct, while on his reality principle, he clearly knew the impossibility with the woman. Therefore, he constrained and intende

15、d to be aloof from her. Harry- superegothe oldest, 45 years oldThe small, competent man , the family man monitoring on the other two men:suddenly the older man came to a decision. Harry stood up and began packing tools into a length of oily clotheg: when Stanley let out a wolf whistle. Harry said, s

16、mall things amouse small mindsmoral authority and modelselfcontrolguide the other two men with morol standard of societyThe Assumption of SimilarityHarry-SuperegoRestricted by principles,rules that himself pressed upon, Harry as the oldest competent man and the family man, he gained the other two co

17、mpanions respect and trust. Small things amuse small minds is the words he often lips out. Through years, he is better at constraining his impulsory nature to maintain the standard of the society. In his inner heart, he seldom shows his id, instead of superego. Superego is trying to prevent the inst

18、inctive power under impulsive action .The environment -womanherthe top part of her black haira flushed solid backarmswore a red scarf tied around her breasts and brief red bikini pantssmall trianglenealy naked temptation degree(诱惑力）In Freudian personality structure theory, the activities of Id, ego

19、and superego and the development of personality is closely related to the external environmentmens reactionindifferentrefuse Toms love environment human desiresstimulate(刺激）control，stopkeep balance between I d, ego and supergo. maintain the stability and order of societyThe environment -womanIn a woman on a roof, Doris Lessing depicts 3 building workers with different personality. In this presentation, by analysing the similarities between Tom, Stanley an