高中动词不定式

1、doingdoingdoneto do i. 时态与语态时态与语态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般式一般式进行式进行式完成式完成式不定式不定式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done -(1). im glad to see you.(2). the boy pretended to be listening carefully when the teacher looked at him. (3).its said that henry stole the car. henry is said to have

2、 stolen the car.(一般式表示与谓语的动作（几乎）同时发生一般式表示与谓语的动作（几乎）同时发生或发生在它之后或发生在它之后.).)( (在谓语动词发生的同时在谓语动词发生的同时, ,不定式的动作也正在进行不定式的动作也正在进行) )( (完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前) ) the meeting to be held tomorrow is important. （被动语态与逻辑主语之间是动宾关系）（被动语态与逻辑主语之间是动宾关系） (4) 1. 作主语作主语2. 作宾语作宾语3. 作宾语补足语作宾语补足语4. 作定语作定语5. 作状语作状

3、语6. 作表语作表语7. 作独立成分作独立成分8. 与疑问词等连用与疑问词等连用ii.动词不定式的句法功能动词不定式的句法功能to see is to believe.(1). 主语主语to have black and white twins is possible.its possible to have black and white twins.(2). 表语表语 my job to clean the street.isshe wants to sell out the flowers.(3) 宾语宾语常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：want,hope,

4、refuse, learn, offer,choose, decide, agree, manage, pretend, plan等等. the workers demanded to get better pay. think/ consider/ find/feel/make it + adj./n.+ to doshe thinks it difficult to find a good job.i dont know what to do next.he encouraged me to try again.(4). 宾补宾补五看五看 watch see look at observe

5、 notice三三使使 let make have 二听二听 listen to hear一感觉一感觉: feele.g. i made him do his work.he was made to do his work (by me).注意注意1 help 后面的后面的“to”可省去可省去e.g. they often help the grandma (to) carry water.2 see, hear, watch, feel, notice, look at等表示等表示 感觉和感觉和let, make, have等表示使役的动词后等表示使役的动词后 面，不定式作宾语时要省面，不定

6、式作宾语时要省“to” （注：被动（注：被动 语态不省语态不省to）i have a lot of homework to do .he is looking for a room to live in .there is nothing to worry about.(5). 定定语语(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词则不定式中要有介词.)he is always the first to come.i came here to see you.(6) 状语状语in order to , so as to ,在一些短语中也有体现在一些短语中也有

7、体现the old couple sold their house to travel around the world.目的状语目的状语im glad to hear the news. 原因状语 hehurriedtothestationonly to find thatthetrainhadleft结果状语（意料之外）itrainedheavily,causingsevere flooding inthatcountry.（意料之中意料之中/顺理成章顺理成章）(7).独立结构独立结构to be frank, to be honest,to tell the truth, i dont agree with you.类似的结构类似的结构iii. but+不定式 cannot but cannot choose b