初中英语定语从句课件

1、 概念概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词在复合句中修饰名词或代词 的句子的句子. (Attributive clause)Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl, 叫做叫做定语从句定语从句1.The man is a farmer.2.The man is speaking at the meeting.合并句子合并句子: : The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer.Mary is a girl.M

2、ary has long hair.合并为一个句子合并为一个句子Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系关系代词代词which, who, whom, whose, that先行词先行词：是：是被定语从句所修饰的词被定语从句所修饰的词 （通常是名词或代词）通常是名词或代词） 关系词的作用关系词的作用：1.1.引导引导定语从句定语从句2.2.在从句中替代先行词，在定语从句在从句中替代先行词，在定语从句中充当一定的成分，通常是主语或宾中充当一定的成分，通常是主语或

3、宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。语，作宾语时常可以省略。定语从句：定语从句：先行词先行词+ +关系词关系词(that/which/who)+(that/which/who)+从句从句修饰修饰 定语从句的用法定语从句的用法: :当先行词是物时当先行词是物时, , 用用which 或或that引导引导. .These are the trees which were planted last year.当先行词是人时当先行词是人时, , 用用who, whom, whose, that引导引导.先行词先行词关系词关系词指人指人that ( (作作主语、宾语主语、宾语或或表语表语) )who ( (作作主

4、语、宾语主语、宾语或或表语表语) ) whom ( (作作宾语宾语) )指物指物that ( (作作主语、宾语主语、宾语或或表语表语) ) which ( (作作主语主语或或宾语宾语) ) 有时可代替有时可代替whom作宾语作宾语who, whom, whose, that用法区别用法区别.who 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语或宾语主语或宾语. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主语作主语Whom 作定语从句

5、的作定语从句的宾语宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作宾语作宾语whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语作定语that 可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语和宾语主语和宾语.注意注意: : 关系代词作动词宾语时可关系

6、代词作动词宾语时可 省略省略. . The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.下列情况只能用下列情况只能用that1.1.当序数词或形容词最高级当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先修饰先行词时。行词时。 eg. Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.2. 当先行词是指物的当先行词是指物的 little,few,much,any,all,anything,something,nothing,none,the one, everything, 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。 I

7、am sure she has something that you can borrow.1.1.先行词为先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等等不定代词时不定代词时。E.g:This is the very book that belongs to him.4. 先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same,the last修饰时修饰时。5. 先行词为先行词为人和物的组合人和物的组合。E.g:They talked for an hour of things and pe

8、rsons that they remembered in the school.E.g: Which of the books that you borrowed from the library is the most interesting?6. 若若主句中有疑问代词主句中有疑问代词who或者或者which, , 为了避免重复为了避免重复, , 关系代词不要再用关系代词不要再用who, , which，而用，而用that。I love the school _ I have studied in for three years. （2013湖南衡阳）湖南衡阳） A. where B. w

9、hen C. that 【解析解析】本题考查引导定语从句的关系本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是词。先行词是the school，关系词在从句，关系词在从句中作介词中作介词in的宾语，只能选关系词的宾语，只能选关系词that，即，即C。 What are you looking for? Im looking for the ring _ myhusband bought me last year. (2012山东滨州山东滨州)A. that B. who C. whom D. it【解析解析】本题考查引导定语从句的关系本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词词。先行词the ring指物，观

10、察选项只有指物，观察选项只有A是引导物的关系词，故选是引导物的关系词，故选A。 What shall we do next? Take the advice _ is given by Dr. Bloch. (2012福建泉州福建泉州)A. who B. which C. whose【解析解析】由先行词由先行词the advice可知，应可知，应用引导物的关系词，选项用引导物的关系词，选项B符合。符合。 Please pass me the cartoon book _has a Mickey Mouse on the cover. (2012天津天津) A. whom B. whose C.

11、 who D. which【解析解析】考查考查which引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。分析句子结构可知本句为定语从句，分析句子结构可知本句为定语从句，先行词为先行词为cartoon book，指物，所以应，指物，所以应该用关系词该用关系词which。 Its interesting that there are many people _ speak French in Canada. (2012四川成都四川成都) A. which B. where C. who 【解析解析】由先行词由先行词people可知，此题考查可知，此题考查who引导的定语从句。句意为：引导的定语从句。句意为：“在加

12、拿在加拿大有许多人说法语，真是有趣。大有许多人说法语，真是有趣。” Now many people smoke and get ill. So we should do something _ can help stop smoking. (2012广西玉林广西玉林) A. what B. who C. / D. that【解析解析】考查引导定语从句的关系词。考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是先行词是something，根据规则，见到，根据规则，见到这类不定代词应用这类不定代词应用that，故选，故选D。Ive found some pictures of the most interesti

13、ng places _ you can visit during the winter holidays. (2009山东烟台山东烟台) A. where B. which C. what D. that 【解析解析】考查引导定语从句的关系词。考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词先行词places在从句中作在从句中作visit的宾语，的宾语，且前有最高级修饰，故用关系代词且前有最高级修饰，故用关系代词that。 单项选择。单项选择。1. - Do you know the girl _ is standing there? - She is my little sister. A. who B.

14、whom C. whose D. which 2. - Could you tell me something about Zheng He? - Sure. He was a Ming Dynasty explorer _ the Chinese people are proud of. A. which B. whose C. whom D. where 3. This is the city _ I visited 10 years ago. A. where B. / C. who D. why4. Shaolin Temple _ lies in the west of Zhengz

15、hou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad. A. where B. which C. who D. what 5. - What kind of music do you like？ - I like music _ I can sing along with. A. who B. that C. what D. why6. Im a sports fan. Im interested in everything _ is about sports. A. that B. there C. which D. where 7. We ar

16、e talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that 8. I hate people _ are only nice to you when they want something! A. who B. which C. whose D. whom 9. Dont forget to bring the book _ you bought last week. A. who B. when C. which

17、D. what10. Is the girl _ you talked with just now new here? A. how B. who C. whose D. whichwho/thatwhich/thatwhose3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.11. The stories _ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous. (2015广州广州)A. that B. those C. who D. what12. We dont like people _ talk too much but never do anything. (2015克拉玛依克拉玛依)A. whose B. who C. when D. which4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6. Kevin is reading a book _ is