任务型阅读的特点2

1、任务型阅读的特点 (1)任务型阅读侧重语篇分析，剖析文章的“脉络”，即文章的结构或者框架。在阅读教学中，“英语语篇”按照文体可分记叙文(narrative)、描述文(description)、议论文(argumentation)、说明文(exposition)。各类文体各有其写作特点，任务型阅读后题目常具备一定的逻辑顺序展开。 (2)阅读材料后题目设置多样化，考查学生多种能力。任务型阅读虽然有考查学生的单词拼写能力，但是和“单词拼写”以及“对话填空”有着本质的区别。任务型阅读考的是语篇分析能力，对学生能力的考查更全面，要求也更高，包括考查学生的思维能力、分析能力、词汇能力以及其他的语言深层挖掘

2、能力等。(3)阅读题目设置有梯度，答题要求简练和规范。任务型阅读题目设置旨在围绕不同的阅读技能和语言应用而展开，涉及词性转换、词语释义、同意替换、语法结构、归纳演绎、结构分析、细节理解等。任务型在表达部分也暗含有一些要求，诸如大小写、答题的一致性及词性等等，这些隐性的规范需要学生自己去揣摩。任务型阅读的解题步骤：总体来说，任务型阅读的解题步骤大致可以归纳为 “略读”“比较” “对应”“理解” “解题”“复核”等六步战略。         第一步：“略读”。快速浏览短文每段首句，了解文章大意是解题的第一环，也是关键的

3、一步。只有文章大意，才能顺利地在表格中填出相关的信息。值得注意的是：如果表格前提供了小标题，要特别注意小标题，它通常是段落和表格的主题句。读懂了标题有助于理解短文和表格的大意和结构。        第二步：“比较”。众所周知，任务型阅读的表格是前面短文的简写和浓缩。所以了解文章后比较这两部分，一一搭配，理清表格主体结构与短文的写作思路和线索结构，有助于加深对篇章内容的理解，做到有的放矢。        第三步：“对应”。通过前两步的知识储备，可以将是个空格

4、所在的句子与原文对应起来，进一步摸清出题者的出题思路，做到准确回归原文，尤其是占七成的细节题 部分。即便是归纳题，通过对应原文也能更加准确了解该填的内容。        第四步：“理解”。找到与空格一致的句子正如找到阅读理解细节题的源头一样，只是给解题提供了范围，如若不能准确读懂其含义，便很可能望文生义，从而找错单词。只有认真理解句意，才能确定答案的关键词语，或者提炼、转换已得信息，从而确定正确答案。 第五步：“解题”。单词或词组确定后，则需要关注更加细节的内容，如：词和词组间的合理转换，单词词性，所充当

5、的成分，单复数形式，时态，各种搭配，单词拼写，大小写以及表格中并列部分的内容的一致性，如近义词、反义词、因果关系，句型句式等，避免因简单的形式错误或拼写错误而导致前功尽弃。          第六步：“复核”。在注意语言规范和书写工整，形式正确后，有必要将前面的第三、四、五步在复查一遍，杜绝任何导致失分的隐患。例题透析： 示例ltraveling on the information superhighwayin the early 1990s, few people outside of governments

6、and universities had ever heard the term internet. the world wide web was in its infancy（初期）, back then if you said to someone, ”send me an e-mail with directions to your house,” all you would have received is a puzzled look . technology has come a long way since those days. today, the internet conn

7、ects millions of computers around the globe, making a worldwide exchange of information possible.the internet is often called the “information superhighway.” thats because vast amounts of information travel over it. if you searched the word grasshopper, for instance, you would have thousands of site

8、s to look at. some sites would give information on these insects. other sites would be companies with “grasshopper” in their names. still other sites might want to sell you books about grasshoppers.in addition to information, the internet also offers one of the greatest inventions in communications,

9、 electronic mail, or e-mail for short. e-mail is the brainchild of a shrewd（精明的）man named ray tomlison. he developed the program and sent himself the first e-mail in 1974. he isnt sure, but he thinks his first message was qwertyuiop （ the top row of letters on a key-board）. as a result of tomlinsons

10、 invention of e-mail, the way in which the world communicates has changed. thanks to e-mail, you can communicate with a student in london and find out how his weather experiment is going. e-mail has also changed the speed with which we exchange information. in minutes, you can contact another person

11、 who shares your love of kites or stamps. your aunt and uncle can send you pictures of their new puppy without ever leaving their home. if you are sick and cant attend school, your teacher can e-mail you the assignments you have missed. you can even send e-mail to a grasshopper expert and ask questi

12、ons for a research paper.however, there is one big disadvantage when you use e-mail. unlike a letter you send through the mail, e-mail is not private. it can be reviewed by anyone with access to your receivers computer. your receiver could also forward it to other peopleso be careful. do not say any

13、thing in an e-mail that you wouldnt say in front of crowd!the internetthe internet offers information to us.the internet enables us to （1） _ in a new way.we can （2） _ information throughout the world, because the internet can connect millions of computers.the internet is often called the “informatio

14、n superhigh-way”,because vast amount of information travel over it.thanks to （3） _ , we can keep in touch with others wherever we are.it has changed the（4）_ of talking. through it, we can talk with our students in london about the weather experiment.it has also enables us to exchange information at

15、（5） speed than traditional communicative methods. within a short time, it lets us （6）_ mother person who has internet in （7） _ . it also helps us to send information without leaving home.（8）_ the advantages, we should be （9） _ when using it. because it may not be（10）_ if someone has access to our re

16、ceivers computer.示例2about six years ago i was eating lunch in a restaurant in new york city when a woman and a young boy own at the next table, i couldnt help overhearing parts of their conversation. at one point the woman asked, “so, how have you been?” and the boywho could not have been more than

17、seven or eight years oldreplied. “frankly, ive been feeling a little depressed lately.”this incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. as far as i can remember, my friends and i didnt find out wewere “depressed” until we were in high school.the evide

18、nce of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. children dont seem childlike anymore. children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. children as

19、it once was no longer exists. why?human development is based not only on natural biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new situation. children have always been taught adult secrets,

20、 but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.in the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation（揭示）machine has been installed in 98 percent of american homes. it is called television. television passes information, and indiscriminately（不加区分

21、地），to all viewers alike, whether they are children or adults. unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures.communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the socia

22、l information to which children have access. reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practiced. children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.title: change in todays childrenmain comparisonscontextdifferent （1） children in the past di

23、d what they were （2） to. children today （3） as if they were adults.different （4） children in the past never experienced （5） sometimes sadness （6） to children nowadays.childrens （7） to learn knowledge.children in the past: in a （8） and guided process.children nowadays: by （9） tv without controla phen

24、omenon worth notingthe authors （10） to childrens change.he prefers communication through print for children, which can control what children are to learn.巩固练习： while there are certainly many more varieties of english, american and british english are the two major ones. the following is meant to poi

25、nt out the differences between them.in british english the present perfect is used to express an action that has occurred in the recent past that has an effect on the present moment. for example: i've lost my key. can you help me look for it? in american english: i lost my key. can you help me l

26、ook for it?there are two forms to express possession in english. have or have got. have got is generally the preferred form in british english while speakers of american english employ the have.the major differences between british and american english lie in the choice of vocabulary. some words mea

27、n different things in the two varieties for example:rubber: (american english - condom, british english - tool used to erase pencil markings)many vocabulary items are also used in one form and not in the other. one of the best examples of this is the terminology used for automobiles. americans say t

28、ruck, while british people say lorry.there are also a few differences in preposition use including the following: on the weekend (american english); at the weekend (british english).the following verbs have two acceptable forms of the past participle in both american and british english, however, the irr