人教版高中英语必修第一册Unit 4 5.2精品学案

1、Section Reading and Thinking.核心单词根据音标及词义写出正确的单词1disaster/d'zst(r)/n.灾难；灾害2rescue/'reskju/n.& vt.营救；救援3damage/'dæmd/vt.损害；破坏n损坏；损失4destroy/d'str/vt.摧毁；毁灭5affect/'fekt/vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动6shelter_/'elt(r)/n.避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险)7ruin/'run/n.& vt.破坏；毁坏8ele

2、ctricity/lek'trsti/n.电；电能9trap/træp/vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n险境；陷阱10bury/'beri/vt.埋葬；安葬11effort/'ef(r)t/n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力12wisdom/'wzdm/n.智慧；才智.拓展词汇根据音标及词义写出正确的单词，并牢记拓展词汇1survive/s'vav/vi.生存；存活； vt.幸存；艰难度过survivor n幸存者；生还者survival n. 幸存2death/de/n.死；死亡dead adj. 无生命的3._shock/k/n.震惊；令人震惊的事；

3、休克vt.(使)震惊shocking adj.令人震惊的shocked adj.感到震惊的4breathe/brið/vi.& vt.呼吸breath n. 呼吸5revive/r'vav/vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒revival n振兴；复苏6unify_/'junfa/vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体unite vi.& vt.团结7suffer/'sf/vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦suffering n折磨；苦难.重点短语根据汉语意思补全短语1._as_if 似乎；好像；仿佛2in_ruins

4、 严重受损；破败不堪3in_shock 震惊；吃惊4set_up 建立5as_usual 像往常一样6come to an end 结束7the number of. 的数量8._instead_of 而不9dig_out 挖掘10a home to 的家园11go through 经历.重点句型1tooadj.to.“太不”Chickens and even pigs were too_nervous_to_eat,_and dogs refused to go inside buildings.鸡甚至猪都紧张得吃不下东西，狗也不愿意进圈舍去。2It seems/seemed as if.看

5、起来似乎It_seemed_as_if the world were coming at an end!好像世界末日到了！3everywhere引导让步状语从句Everywhere_survivors_looked,_there was nothing but ruins. 幸存者无论往哪里看，看到的都是废墟。4with复合结构With_strong_support_from_government_and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake rui

6、ns. 在政府的大力支持和人民的不懈努力下，一座崭新的唐山在地震废墟上建成了。第一步|速读了解教材课文(P50)主题和段落大意1What's the main idea of the text?The passage is mainly about a_terrible_earthquake_of_Tangshan.2Find out the main idea of each paragraph.Para.1 AThe earthquake caused unbelievable destruction to Tangshan.Para.2 BThe earthquake happe

7、ned and caused deaths or injuries in Tangshan.Para.3 CRescue and revival after the earthquakes.Para.45 DWarning signs before the earthquake.答案：Part 1DPart 2BPart 3APart 45C第二步|细读把握教材课文(P50)关键信息1All the following unusual things happened before the earthquake except that_.Athe water in the village wel

8、ls rose and fellBthe chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eatCMice ran out of the fields looking for hiding placeDFish swam in the water as usual答案：D2Before the earthquake people were asleep as usual because _.Athey didn't notice anything strange happeningBthey knew well about earthquakesC

9、something strange happened in many placesDthey didn't realize the arrival of an earthquake答案：D3The title“A Night The Earth Didn't Sleep” means _.Athe earth was awake all night longBa terrible earthquake happened that nightCpeople on the earth couldn't fall asleep that nightDanimals on th

10、e earth couldn't fall asleep that night答案：B4What's the meaning of the last sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again.”？APeople weren't sad any more.BThe life in Tangshan began to return to normal.CThe earthquake finally came to an end.DThose who were trapped were saved.答案：B第一板块|核

11、心词汇诠释1rescue n& vt.营救；救援 (教材P48)What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood­hit area?救援人员和士兵在洪水灾区做什么？come to/go to sb.'s rescuerescue sb. 援救某人rescue.from. 把从营救出来When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers came to our rescue.当我们被困在废墟中时，士兵们赶来救援。The firefighters rescued

12、 five children from the burning house yesterday.昨天，消防人员把5个孩子从失火的房子中解救出来。即学即练单句语法填空(1)At midnight we finally rescued (rescue) the tourists who were trapped in the valley.(2)A large number of soldiers were sent there to_rescue (rescue) those trapped in the building.巧学助记：As soon as the accident happene

13、d, the rescue team came to the victims' rescue, and they didn't give up any hope of rescuing them from danger.事故一发生，救援队就来营救受害者了，并且他们没有放弃使他们脱离危险的任何希望。2.damage vt.损害；破坏n损坏；损失(教材P48)Which buildings were damaged in Seoul?首尔哪些建筑被毁？(1)对造成损害(2) damage one's health 损害某人的健康This could cause seriou

14、s damage to our environment.这可能会对我们的环境造成严重的破坏。Damage caused by the earthquake disaster is very terrible.地震灾害造成的破坏太严重了。即学即练单句写作众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。(一句多译)(1)As we all know, smoking can do/cause_damage_to_our_health. (damage n)(2)It is well known that smoking can damage_our_health.(damage vt.)巧学助记：Mary was

15、 very angry because someone had done damage to her car. What's worse, when she arrived home, she found her house lay in ruins because a big fire completely destroyed the building. 玛丽非常生气，因为有人把她的汽车弄坏了。更糟的是，当她到家时，她发现她的房子沦为一片废墟，因为一场大火完全摧毁了建筑物。3.survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过(经典佳句) Unluckily, no one sur

16、vived the terrible accident.不幸的是，没有人从这个可怕的事故中幸存。(1)survive sth. 幸免于；从中挺过来/活过来A survive B (by.) A比B活得长survive on 依靠生存下来survive from. 从存活下来，流传下来(2)survivor n 幸存者survival n U 幸存；C 残存物Of the six people injured in the terrible accident, only two survived.在这次可怕的事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。Some strange customs have

17、survived from earlier times.有些奇怪的风俗是从早年流传下来的。即学即练单句语法填空(1)The old lady has survived all her sisters and brothers by ten years.(2)I don't know how you all manage to survive on such little money.巧学助记：After he survived the earthquake, the old man became one of the few survivors of the family. 那位老人在

18、地震中幸存下来，成为这个家庭中为数不多的幸存者之一。4.affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动(经典例句)As far as I'm concerned, following others' advice without thinking will affect our decision. 显而易见，不假思索地接受他人的意见将影响我们的决定。affect sb./sth. 影响某人/某事 be deeply affected by 被深深打动了As a matter of fact, your opinion will not affect my decision.事

19、实上，你的意见不会影响我的决定。The disease is beginning to affect his eyesight.疾病开始侵袭他的视力。即学即练单句语法填空(1)Most people present at the meeting were deeply affected (affect) by his speech.(2)With the government's help, those people affected (affect) by the earthquake have moved for the new settlements.(3)Around 540

20、million people are_affected (affect) by second­hand smoke, which causes 100,000 deaths per year.名师指津：“对有很大影响”affect sb. greatly.have a great effect on sb.have a great influence on sb.5.ruin n废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产 (教材P50)In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.不到一分钟，一座大城市就成了废墟。(1)be/lie in r

21、uins 成为废墟；毁灭fall into ruin 成为废墟；破败不堪(2)ruin one's hope/chance 使某人的希望破灭/机会失去ruin oneself 自我毁灭The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。A large number of buildings fell into ruin after the earthquake.地震后，许多建筑都毁了。即学即练单句语法填空/单句写作(1)Heavy

22、smoking ruins (ruin) your health, so you should give up smoking.(2)It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining (ruin) our holiday.(3)Ever since the earthquake, this temple has been in ruins.(4)In my opinion, his stubborn character and shortcomings in his work will ruin_his_future.依我看来，他固执的性格和

23、在工作中的缺点会毁掉他的前途的。名师指津：in ruins“成为废墟”ruin一定要用复数形式哟！6.shock n震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊(教材P50) People were in shock and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.人们都很震惊然后，那天下午晚些时候，唐山又发生了一次大地震。(1)be a shock to.使吃惊(2)shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的be shocked at/by 对吃惊be shocked to do sth. 做某事很吃惊(

24、3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的The news shocked the public, leading to great concern about students' safety at school.这个消息使公众震惊，导致了对在校学生安全的担心。His situation was a great shock to us all.他的处境使我们大家都大为震惊。We are shocked that so many people were injured or died in the earthquake.我们感到震惊的是，如此多的人在地震中伤亡。即学即练单句语法填空(1

25、)I'm shocked (shock) at his determined attitude towards this matter.(2)Her falling in love with the poor young man was a shock to us.(3)I was shocked to_hear (hear) that our factory would have to close.巧学助记：The shocking news shocked all the people around, which was also a great shock to people a

26、ll over the country.这个让人震惊的消息震惊了周围的人们，也震惊了全国各地的人们。7.trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n险境；陷阱(教材P50)Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.地震发生后不久，军队派遣了15万名士兵前往唐山，搜救被困人员并埋葬遇难者。(1)be trapped in困在中； 陷在中trap sb. into (doing) sth. 诱使某人做某事

27、(2) fall into a trap 落入圈套/陷阱When travelling they were trapped in the mountain, waiting to be rescued.旅行时，他们被困在山上，等待救援。If you choose this way, you're likely to fall into a trap.如果你选择这条路，你很有可能会落入圈套。即学即练单句语法填空(1)There was a power failure, they were_trapped (trap) in the lift.(2)Trapped (trap) in th

28、e ruins, the girl still held a positive attitude.(3) By clever questioning they trapped him into telling the truth.名师指津：trap 过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为：trapped; trapped; trapping8.bury vt.埋藏；掩埋；隐藏( 经典例句)Ever since he moved there, he has been buried in his research work.自从搬到那里以后，他一直专注于研究工作。(1)bury.in. 把埋到里bury

29、 one's face in hands 双手掩面(2) 埋头于；专心于，沉浸于She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news.当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。In the past three weeks, we have been burying ourselves in study because the exam is drawing near.在过去的三个星期里，我们专心致志地学习，因为考试即将到来。即学即练单句写作他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。(一句多译)(1)Buried

30、 (bury) in his study, he didn't know that all the others had left.(2)Burying (bury) himself in his study, he didn't know that all the others had left.(3)Because he was_buried_ (bury) in his study, he didn't know that all the others had left图形助记：一词多义的“bury”9.effort n努力；艰难的尝试；尽力(教材P50)With

31、 strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.在政府的大力支持和市民的不懈努力下，一个新唐山在废墟上建立了起来。spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事I do believe that all your efforts will pay off sooner or later.我的确

32、相信你的努力迟早会有所回报。As far as I'm concerned, you should make a greater effort to study hard.依我看来，你应该更加努力学习。即学即练词汇升级(低频词汇)If I am lucky enough to be given such a good chance, I will try my best to finish the task.(高频词汇)If I am lucky enough to be given such a good chance, I will spare_no_effort_to finis

33、h the task.(升级加黑词汇)名师指津：学会高频词汇“spare no effort to do sth.”代替“try one's best to do sth.”哟！10.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(教材P51)What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need?你认为地震灾民需要什么样的帮助？(1)suffer from 患病；因而受苦suffer from a bad cold 患重感冒(2)suffer pains/hardship

34、遭受痛苦/困难suffering n 苦难，痛苦sufferer n 受难者As far as I know, he has ever suffered from a serious illness.据我所知，他曾患有严重的疾病。The company suffered a great loss as a result of the accident.由于那次事故，该公司才遭受了重大损失。即学即练单句语法填空(1)The people in this country have suffered (suffer) a lot because of the war.(2)The old man i

35、s said to have gone through all kinds of sufferings (suffer) during the war.巧学助记：We all want to do something to help those sufferers out of their sufferings.我们都想做些事去帮助那些受苦者摆脱痛苦。第二板块|重点句型解构1句型公式：tooadj.to.“太不”(教材P50)Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildin

36、gs.鸡甚至猪都紧张得吃不下东西，狗也不愿意进圈舍里去。too adj. (for sb.) to do sth. .意为 “太而不能”，表示否定意义I was too young to understand the meaning of the film.我太年幼，不理解这部电影的含义。The problem is too difficult for me to settle.这个问题太难了，我解决不了。即学即练一句多译小男孩太小了不能去上学。(1)The little boy is so_young_that_he can't go to school.(2)The little

37、boy is_too_young_to_go_to school.名师指津：牢记too. to.表示否定意义，可以与so. that.句型相互转换。2.句型公式： as if as though“仿佛；好像”，可用来引导表语从句(教材P50)It seemed as if the world were coming at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！(1)as if从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的(2)as if从句用虚拟语气：从句用一般过去时(与现在的事实相反)从句用过去完成时(与过去的事实相反)从句用would/could/might do形式(与将来的事实相反)

38、Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is going to rain. Let's hurry up.看看天上的乌云！看起来要下雨，咱们快一点。He talks to them as if they were children.他同他们说话，就当他们是孩子一样。即学即练 单句语法填空(1)The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were (be) their own mother.(2)He opened his mout

39、h as if he would_say (say) something.名师指津：as if 解题的关键在于能明白是对现在、过去还是将来的虚拟；如果对现在的虚拟，系动词be不管是第几人称都用were。.单词拼写1A great number of people suffered (遭受) a great deal in the earthquake.2In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought back to life after death (死亡)3A great deal of money has been

40、collected to help those suffering from the floods (洪水)4Too much drinking will do damage (伤害) to your health; you should take the doctor's advice.5We should find a shelter (躲避处) from the wind.6Helicopters rescued (营救) nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.7I can't imagine a l

41、ife without_electricity (电)8All the listeners were greatly shocked (震惊的) when they heard the terrible news on radio.9His parents and his little brother lost their lives in the disaster_ (灾难)10The well walls had deep cracks (裂缝) before the terrible earthquake happened.单句语法填空1These old people have exp

42、erienced all kinds of sufferings (suffer) in their difficult times.2He talks about Rome as if he had_been (be) there before.3Though suffering (suffer) such a heavy loss, the boss didn't lose the courage to go on with his business.4Trapped (trap) in the ruins, the girl still held a positive attit

43、ude.5I'm shocked (shock) at his determined attitude towards this matter.6It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining (ruin) our holiday.7Around 540 million people are_affected (affect) by second­hand smoke, which causes 100,000 deaths per year.8Buried (bury) under the ruins, the litt

44、le girl was rather frightened.9The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely destroyed (destroy)10When it was my turn to express my opinion, I was too nervous to say a word.完成句子1我建议你应该待在这儿，好像什么事也没有发生过。 I suggest that you should stay here as_if_nothing_had_hap

45、pened.2这顶帽子太大，没法戴。The hat is_too_large_to_wear. 3可怕的地震使整个城市在15秒内变成废墟。The terrible earthquake_left_the_whole_city_in_ruins_in 15 seconds.4面对灾难，我们应该保持积极的心态，为更美好的未来重建家园。 In times of disaster, we should stay_positive_and_rebuild_for_a_brighter_future.5我很感激，你把我从困境中解救了出来。I'm grateful that you have_res

46、cued_me_from the difficult situation.6有这么多工作要做，我不能和你一起出去看电影。With_so_much_work_to_do,_I can't go out to see a film with you.语法填空Strange things happened before Tangshan Earthquake happened. The well walls had deep cracks. Some 1.smelly (smell) gas came out of them. Chickens and even pigs were too

47、nervous 2.to_eat (eat). At 3：42 3.on the morning of July 28, 1976, everything began to shake. 4.It seemed as if the world was coming at an end. Steam burst from holes in the ground and hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, the whole city lay in 5.ruins (ruin). Two thirds

48、 of people died or were 6.injured (injure). Everything in the city was destroyed. People were 7.shocked (shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. The army organized teams to dig out those 8.who were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for 9.survivors (survive).

49、Fresh water was taken to the city. Slowly the city began to breathe again. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan 10.was_built (build) upon the earthquake ruins.课时作业 14.阅读理解AEarthquakes strike suddenly at any time of the day or night

50、, but there's no way to tell when. If an earthquake happens, it may cause many deaths, injuries and damage. So you need a good preparation ahead of time. Decide how and where your family will get together if separated. Choose an out­of­state friend or relative that the family members c

51、an call after the quake to report where they are and how they are. Know the safe places in each room: under the strong tables, desks, or against inside walls. Keep enough food, water and other things, including a flashlight, a radio, medicines and clothing.During the earthquake, you should keep a cl

52、ear head and never be too nervous to know what to do. Protect your head and neck with your arms. If possible, take a book, a pillow or any other things to protect yourself from falling glass and ruins. If you are indoors, you must immediately lie under any strong furniture. If outdoors, move to an o

53、pen area away from trees, buildings, walls or powerpoles. If you are in a narrow valley, move to the centre of it and look up for falling stones. If you are in a car, move to the side of the road and stop the car. Do not stop near buildings, power lines or on or under bridges. Stay in your car until

54、 the shaking stops.Do not move a badly injured person unless he is in great danger after the earthquake. Do not use the telephone immediately unless there is a serious injury or fire. Turn on your radio for instructions and news reports. Be prepared for aftershocks. If you want to leave your home, p

55、ost a message inside your home telling your family members where you can be found.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了人们在地震前、地震中和地震后应该做的事情。1To prepare for an earthquake, we should make sure of _.Awhen an earthquake may happenBthe place where we can find our familyChow to receive instructions and news reportsDthe money wit

56、h which we can buy food and water答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第一段第四句可知，要提前确定地震后家人会合的地点，故B项正确。2If we are driving when an earthquake happens, we should _.Afind a strong building to hide inBleave the car as soon as possibleCgo on driving quickly to leave the areaDmove to the side of the road and stop there答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句可知，如果发生地震时你在开车，要把车开到路边停下，所以D项正确。3From the passage, we know that during an earthquake _.Awe should keep calm and know what to do clearlyBthe trees and walls can protect us if we are outdoorsCwe should protec