中考专题五介词

1、中考专题介词介词 的分类根据介词的形式分类：根据介词的形式分类：1.简单介词:由一个词构成的介词。at in for near after before behind on by with without2.合成介词:由两个词合成在一起的介词。 inside outside nearby within onto into without 3.双重介词:由两个简单介词重叠在一起 构成的介词from behind 从后面 until after 直到后 from among 从中间4.短语介词:由一个或几个简单介词和一个或几个其他词类组合构成,在意义和作用上相对于一个简单介词。at the bac

2、k of instead of in place of in front of thanks to in front of at the top of on the edge of at the bottom of在底部 5.动词的ing形式介词:在英语中有一部分动词的ing形式具备介词的性质,在很多情况下,将他们视为介词。Including根据介词的意义分类根据介词的意义分类 介词种类介词种类 表示时间：表示时间：at ,in ,on, before ,aftertill until 表示地点：表示地点：at in on under by near between into 表示方向：表示方

3、向：at for from towards 表示所属：表示所属：Of with表示方式、方法：表示方式、方法：by in on through with 介词的宾语 介词后面的名词或相当于名词的词语叫做介词的宾语。可作介词宾语的词语通常有名词、代词、数词、从句、动词的-ing形式、含有疑问词的不定式等。1.I live near the city center, but I work far from that.(名词，代词)2.Four from ten leaves six.(数词)3.We are going to talk about when well start off.(从句)4

4、.Thanks very much for your coming.(动词的-ing)5.Could you give me some advice on how to improve my heath , Doctor?介词的功能介词和介词宾语一起构成介词短语，在句子中作主语、表语、补足语、定语、状语、插入语等。1.作主语 Between 6 and 7 in the morning is a good time for reading.2.作表语 They are from Canada and I am from China.3.作补足语 When she woke up, she fo

5、und herself in hospital. He is considered as the greatest leader in China.4.作定语 Have you got the answers to these questions?5.5.作状语作状语 Can you sing this song in English? (方式状语方式状语) Because of the traffic , I was late for class.(原因状语）原因状语） I will see you at your office .(地点状语地点状语) The final examinati

6、ons take place in early June.(时间状语时间状语) There are two classes _ Wednesday afternoon. A. At B. in C. on D. to2. This programme was sent to the USA _China _ satellite.A. in; of B. of; in C. from; by D. by; from3. The visitors _ Japan arrived _ Beijing Station last Tuesday morning.A. from; at B. of; to

7、 C. from; to D. of; on4. Here are some presents _ you _ our best wishes.A. to; with B. for; with C. of; about D. for; for5. Lily asked her brother, Mike, not to be angry _ her.A. in B. to C. with D. for6. Is everyone here good _ dancing? A. at B. on C. to D. for7. They arrived _ Guangzhou _ the morn

8、ing of May 25.A. at; in B. in; in C. in; on D. at; during8. Children are often told not to play _ fire. on B. for C. with D. under9. No one can stop her _ going away. of B. from C. to D. out of10. The eraser goes _ one student _ another. A. from; for B. from; till C. from; after D. from; to表示时间的介词表示

9、时间的介词at 表示表示时刻时刻 at 3:20用在固定短语中，表示用在固定短语中，表示较短暂的时间较短暂的时间at this moment, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of , at the age of , at night, at noon用在用在不带不带Day的节日前的节日前 at Christmas/Halloween/Easteron表示表示具体某一天具体某一天on May 1st, on Monday,表示表示某个特定的早、中、晚某个特定的早、中、晚（某一天或某个晴朗、寒冷、春天等的早、中、晚）（某

10、一天或某个晴朗、寒冷、春天等的早、中、晚）on a cold night in January on a fine morningon Sunday afternoon用在用在带有带有Day的节日前的节日前on New Years Day表示时间的介词表示时间的介词in表示表示较长时间较长时间，如如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月in the 20th century， in the 1950s, in 1989， in summer， in January，in ones life， in ones thirties表示表示一般（非特指）的早、中、晚一般（非特指）

11、的早、中、晚等。等。 in the morning注意：在注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词前一律不用介词等词前一律不用介词eg：We meet every day.表示时间的介词表示时间的介词in, after 都可以表示都可以表示“在在时间以后时间以后”Ill arrive in an hour.He got a cancer and died after a year. Well hold a party after dinner. “in +时间段时间段”-将来的一段时间以后将来的一段时间以后；“after+时间段时间段”-过去的一段时

12、间以后过去的一段时间以后；“after+将来时间点将来时间点” -将来的某一时刻以后将来的某一时刻以后。表示时间的介词表示时间的介词after supper 晚饭后 after six oclock 6点后 after school 放学后 after graduation 毕业后1.I hear that he will be back _ two. A at B in C after D for2. Mr. Smith left _ London _ breakfast.A. to, in B. for, in C. to, after D. for, afterC before, ago

13、 都可以表示都可以表示“一段时间以前一段时间以前”I bought two expensive dictionaries here half an hour ago.They left for England two days ago. His father had died five years before. Theyd gone a few hours before. “时间段时间段 +ago”- 一般过去时一般过去时“时间段时间段+before”-过去完成时过去完成时。表示时间的介词表示时间的介词表示期限的介词表示期限的介词by“截止到截止到”By the end of last ye

14、ar, we had already completed ten projects.We had learned 1,000 English words by the end of the last term.“by+过去时间点过去时间点”-过去完成时过去完成时until“直到直到为止为止”，前谓语动词一定是，前谓语动词一定是延续性动词延续性动词。Ill wait until everyone is here. not until“直到直到才才” ，谓语动词多为，谓语动词多为瞬间性动词瞬间性动词。 I didnt leave until my mother came home.表示期间的介词表

15、示期间的介词For表示表示经过了多少时间，经过了多少时间，“达达之久之久”“for+时间段时间段”-现在完成时。现在完成时。I have studied English for six years.She has lived here for 20 years.During表示表示“在在期间期间”“during + 时间段时间段”，与，与延续性动词延续性动词连用。连用。 Were going to visit some places of interest during the summer holidays.He lived with us during these years.Throug

16、h表示表示从开始到结束，从开始到结束，“一直一直”He played computer games through the night.表示时间的起点的介词表示时间的起点的介词From表示表示“从从开始开始(到到结束结束)”We go to school from Monday to Friday.Since表示表示“自从自从以来以来”从某一时刻一直延续到至今，从某一时刻一直延续到至今，“since+时间点时间点”-现在完成时现在完成时。 He has lived here since 1993.He has been away since last week.表示地点位置的介词表示地点位置的

17、介词at ,in, on 在在He arrived in Shanghai yesterday. They arrived at a small village before dark. There is a big hole in the wall. The teacher put up a picture on the wall.at表示在小地方；表示在小地方；in 表示大地方或表示表示大地方或表示“在在之内之内”；on 表示接壤或表示接壤或“在在上上”。above, over, on 在在上上There is a bridge over the river. We flew above

18、the clouds. They put some flowers on the teachers desk.over指垂直的上方指垂直的上方, 与与under相对相对, above “在在上方上方”, 不强调是否垂直，与不强调是否垂直，与 below相对；相对；over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 on表示某物体上面并有接触面。表示某物体上面并有接触面。表示地点位置的介词表示地点位置的介词below, under 在在下下under表示在表示在正下方正下方below表示在表示在下，不一定在正下方下，不一定在正下方There is a cat _ the t

19、able.There are lots of fish_ the water.underbelow表示地点位置的介词表示地点位置的介词in front of, in the front of 在在前前There are some tall trees in front of the building. The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.in front of意思是意思是“在在前面前面”，（，（指在外部指在外部）其反义词是其反义词是behind（在（在的后面）。的后面）。in the front of 意思是意思是“在在.的

20、前部的前部”，（，（指在内部指在内部）反义词是反义词是at the back of（在（在的后部）。的后部）。Theres a blackboard _ our classroom. There are some flowers _ the house. in the front ofin front of表示地点位置的介词表示地点位置的介词 B is _ the east of A. （在内部）（在内部）D is _ the east of A. （在外部）（在外部）C is _ the east of A. （在外部接壤）（在外部接壤）1. Japan is _ the east of A

21、sia.2. Japan is _ the east of China.3. Korea is _ the northeast of China. northsouthwesteastABCDintoonintoon in , at , on, toHe will arrive _ a little bus stop _ Beijing.Shantou is _ the east of Guangdon.Guangxi is _ the north of Guangdong. America is _ the south of China.at in in on to in : A地包含B地

22、on : 两地不包含，但连接 to : 两地不包含，不连接 表示运动方向的介词表示运动方向的介词 across, through The dog ran across the grass. The boy swam across the river. They walked through the forest. across表示横过表示横过,即即从表面通过从表面通过，与，与on有关。有关。through穿过穿过,即即从内部穿过从内部穿过，与，与in有关。有关。 across 和和 through: 通过，穿过通过，穿过1. He swam _ the river.2. They walked

23、_ the forest.3. The river goes _ the city and brings people water and food.4. He helped the little child walk _ the road. across: 指在物体指在物体表面表面穿过穿过 through : 指在物体指在物体内部内部穿过穿过 across through through across nbetween 和 among ：在之间1.Whats the difference _ a sheep and a goat?A. from B. to C. between D. amo

24、ng2.We visited him _ his workplace _ the young trees. A. in; beside B. at; along C. at; among D. to; betweenKeep the secret between you and_ (I) me1.Look!There is a bridge_the river. A.on B. over C.above2.Can you see the egg _ the plate? A.on B.in C.over3.The light_us is very bright. A.over B.under

25、C.on 4.The temperature will fall_zero at night. A.below B.above C.over5. Suddenly there is a loud voice _ the tree. A.below B.above C.on6. There is a clock on the wall. Its _ the blackboard. A.on B.in C.above7. A highway is _our city and there is much traffic _it. A. on, over B.above, on C.over, on8

26、. The sun rose _the horizon(地平线地平线). A. on B. above C.over9. My uncle live _ B12 _the fifth floor. A.at, on B. in,on C.on, at10.They arrived _Beijing at 12:00 and waited for a bus _ the station to the hotel. A.at, in B. in, on C. in, at11. China lies _the east of Asia and _the north of Australia. A.

27、 in, on B. in ,to C. to, in12.Vietnam is _the south of China. A. in B. on C. to13.He got on a train _ Shanghai . A.to B. for C. towards14.Will you take a train_ Tianjin？ A. to B. for C.at15. Im leaving _ Beijing next week. A. to B. for C. towards16. The sunshine come into the room _ the window. A. a

28、cross B. through C. past17. You can go _ the road here. A. across B. through C. past18. Can you swim _ the river? A. across B. through C. past其他介词其他介词by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具表示方法、手段、工具by 以以方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具；在在旁边旁边 by the fire, by the lake with 表示表示用用工具、手段工具、手段，一般接，一般接具体的工具和手段具体的工具和手段；in 表示

29、表示用用方式，用方式，用语言语言等。等。In English, in this way, 1.My mother often go to work _ bike. A. in B. on C. by2.If you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please tell me _ phone. A. through B. by C. on3.The teacher is writing on the paper _ red ink and the blackboard_a piece of chalk. A.with, with B. in ,wit

30、h C.with ,in4.Can you say it _ English? A. in B. with C.by5.You can get some information _ the computer. A. in B. on C.by The boy usually writes _ a red pen.I can write a letter _ English.He often goes to school _ bike.She always talks _a low voice.They talked _ the telephone.He went to school _ his

31、 bike.We hear _ our ears and see _ our eyes.He succeeded _ good luck/ working hardwithinbyinononwithwithbyexcept, besides ,but “除了除了”except/but 除除之外之外，不包括在内；不包括在内；besides 除除之外之外(还有还有)，包括在内。包括在内。 Except Mr. Wang, we went to see the film. (王先生没去王先生没去) Besides Mr. Wang, we also went to see the film. (王

32、先生也去了王先生也去了)其他介词其他介词except, except for “除了除了之外之外”All compositions are well written except yours.His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.except: 讨论同类讨论同类 except for：讨论不同类：讨论不同类其他介词其他介词In与onA bird is in the tree. (人或物在树上)There are some apples on the tree.(长在树上)to、for、towardsto表示目的地或

33、去的目的，如：Will you take a train_to_ Tianjian. for表示动身去某地，如：He got on a train_for_ Shanghai.Towards表示运动的朝向,如：The boy goes _towards_ his mother.at与onat用于门牌号如：He lives at No.200, Nanjing Road. on用于路名如：He lives on Nanjing Road.1.Everyone else passed the exam _ Tom. A.besides B.except C.for2._ Mr. Li, five

34、teachers also went to the meeting. A.Besides B.Except C. Beside3. Some supermarkets open _ 8:30 and 8:00 p.m._ the Mid-Autumn Festival. (On Mid-Autumn Festival day) A.at,during B.between,during C.between,in4.They lived _ the mountains in the past. A. among B. between C. during5.Dont sit _ the two gi

35、rls. A. among B. between C. during 1. Mr Brown has gone to Canada. He will be back _ two weeks. A. for B. after C. in 2. Our manager came back _ an hour. A. in B. after C. at 3. They have been here _ an hour. A. for B. after C. in 4. He came here _ 1992, and he has lived here _ 1992. A. in, for B. i

36、n , since C. since, since 5. I have known Li Lei _ over five years. A. in B. since C. for6. It has been three years since he _ here. A. come B. came C. comes7.The old man has been away _ two years ago. A. in B. since C. for8. He wont come back _ five . A.before B. after C.by9. The work must be finis

37、hed _ Friday. A.at B.by C.after10. We had had three meetings _ last Friday. A.in B.before C. by 11. Youll get a nice present _ your parents _ your birthday.A. from; on B. for; at C. from; in D. of; during12. Lets wait _ her _ the corner of the street. A. on; on B. for; in C. at; at D. for; at13. Loo

38、k! The two men are _ trouble. They are calling _ help.A. with; for B. in; for C. under; at D. into; out14. The boy filled the bottle _ some milk. Now its full _ milk.A. with; with B. of; with C. with; of D. off; without15. Mother always talks _ her friends _ the phone _ weekends.A. with; on; at B. t

39、o; with; on C. about; on; through D. of; by; at16. - When did he lend the dictionary _ you? - I borrowed it _ him the day before yesterday.A. from; to B. to; by C. to; from D. on; out of17. Uncle Wang lives _ a farm, but he works _ a factory.A. in; in B. to; in C. in; at D. on; in18. She came up to

40、me, _ a smile _ her face.A. with; in B. like; on C. with; on D. without; at19. He wanted to ask _ some books _ music.A. for; in B. about; of C. for; on D. about; about20. His school is far _ his home, but near _ mine.A. from; to B. from; from C. to; to D. to; from1. The bridge _ the river is made _

41、big stone.A. on; from B. over; of C. above; in D. of; into2. He stayed _ his uncles _ a week.A. in; for B. with; till C. at; for D. for; about3. I cant swim _ the river _ a piece of wood.A. across; without B.through; with C.over; on D. in; by4. The desk _ the teacher is _ the classroom.A. of; in fro

42、nt B. to; in front ofC. at; before D. for; in the front of5. John cut the pear _ four pieces _ a knife.A. in; by B. into; with C. with; by D. to; in6. The other day I met a friend _ my way to school.A. of me on B. of my on C. in D. of mine on7. Its easy _ us to finish the work _ time.A. for; on B. o

43、f; in C. for; before D. of; at8. We, League members, should be strict _ ourselves _ our work.A. in; in B. with; with C. with; in D. in; with9. She asked me to sit _ her and help her _ Chinese.A. between; at B. beside; with C. before; in D. on; of10. Lin Tao answered all the questions _ the last one

44、_ usual.A. except; as B. beside; as C. except; on D. but; in11. Jims gone _ England with his family and he wont be back _ Monday.A. for; on B. to; at C. for; till D. to; until12. _ Christmas Eve, children all over Britain put a stocking _ the end of their beds before they go to sleep.A. At; by B. Du

45、ring; in C. On; at D. In; before13. Is the girl _ red _ duty today?A. with; on B. on; for C. of; at D. in; on14. _ a few years time, it will be covered _ many thousands of trees.A. In; with B. After; by C. In; on D. After; over15. Many old things _ show were used _ keeping tea hot.A. at; on B. on; f

46、or C. for; on D. in; as16. We visited him _ his workplace _ the young trees.A. in; beside B. at; along C. at; among D. to; between17. It will stop the sand _ moving _ the rich farmland in the south.A. from; toward B. from; in C. into; towards D. at; down18. Whats the difference _ a sheep and a goat?

47、A. from B. to C. between D. among19. They got _ the foot of the mountain just now.A. at B. in C. to D. off20. My father returned at 10 oclock _ of June 15.A. in the night B. by the night C. on the night D. at night 21. He often mistakes me _ my brother. A. to B. as C. for D. with 22. China has built

48、 a Great Green Wall _ the northern part _ the country.A. to; in B. across; of C. across; on D. at; of23. Thank you very much _ lending the eraser _ me.A. for; at B. to; to C. for; to D. to; for24. Since you are _ trouble, why not ask _ help? A. in; for B. in; to C. with; for D. with; to25. My aunt a

49、rrived here _ a warm spring morning.A. in B. at C. on D. by26. His father has been _ Australia _ 1998.A. to; in B. in; since C. to; from D. in; from27. Mr. Black was angry _ Jim _ laughing _ him. A. at; for; to B. for; with; on C. with; for; with D. with; for; at 1.Guess, how much does it cost?I thi

50、nk it costs 15 and 20 dollars. A. from B. between C. among D. with 2.When did your uncle arrive China? He got to Guangzhou the morning of the 16th of April. A. at; in B. in; in C. to; on D. in; on3. The food my country is quite different that here. A. in; like B. to; from C. from; to D. in; from4.To

51、m told me his parents had arrived Beijing. A. at B. on C. in D. to5. Lets play table tennis _ Tuesday morning, shall we? A. on B. in C. to D. at6. -_ the heavy rain, we didnt go camping last Sunday.-What a pity! ）A. Thanks to B. Because of C. Instead of D. As for7.-Can you see some people are waitin

52、g _ the library?-Yes, They are standing in a queue in front of its gate.A. around B. inside C. outside 8.Nanjing is a beautiful city. It won “China Human Habitation Environment Prize” _ 2008. A. at B. on C. in D. by9.When is Henrys birthday party, Lynn?The 18th , _ about three oclock in the afternoo

53、n.A. in B. at C. on D. to 10.-It is said that a new zoo will be built in our town.-Im _it. Zoos are terrible for animals. A. through B. besides C. against D. except 11.Its very important us to make a plan before a new term.Yes. You must try to make it carefully. A. of B. for C. to12. Look, Tina is w

54、aiting _ the bus stop. A. for B. at C. in D. to13. -Is it polite to speak and laugh loudly _ ?-No, I dont think so. A. in public B. at least C. on time D. in pricate14. Mr. Lin gave the textbooks to all the students _ the ones who had already taken them. A. except B. including C. among D. with15.Ein

55、stein, the famous scientist, was born _ March, 1897.A. at B. on C. in D. to16.There is going to be a wonderful party _ the evening of October 1st, 2009. A. in B. on C. at D. for 17. A new baby came to the earth _ a sunny winter morning. How nice. A. in B. on C. of D. at18.-When were you born?-I was

56、born _ the morning of May 7th , 1995.A. in B. on C. at19.What would you like to do _ such a bad boy?A. with B. on C. at D. in20.Do you know that Fujian is _ the west of Taiwan?A. to B. in C. on一、动词词组(包括短语动词)、介词词组和其他词组 (一) 由 be 构成的词组 1)be back/in/out 回来/在家/外出 2)be at home/work 在家/上班 3)be good at 善于，擅

57、长于 4)be careful of 当心，注意，仔细 5)be covered with 被覆盖 6)be ready for 为作好准备 7)be surprised (at) 对感到惊讶 10)be on 在进行，在上演，（灯）亮着 11) be able to do sth. 能够做 12) be afraid of (to do sth. that) 恐怕13) be angry with sb. 生(某人)的气 be made of +原料由制成(看出原材料) be used by被 使用be made from+原料由制成(看不出原材料) be used as被当作使用be ma

58、de in +地 由某地制造 be used to do被用来做某事be made by sb. 由某人制成 be used to doing习惯于做某事14)be pleased (with) 对感到高兴(满意) 15)be famous for 以而著名 16)be strict in (with) (对工作、对人)严格要求 17)be from 来自，什么地方人 18)be hungry/thirsty/tired 饿了/渴了/累了 19)be worried 担忧 20)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做 21)be covered with 被所覆盖 22)b

59、e in (great) need of (很)需要 23)be in trouble 处于困境中 24) be glad to do sth. 很高兴做 25)be late for 迟到 26)be made of (from) 由制成 27)be satisfied with 对感到满意 28)be free 空闲的，有空 29)be (ill) in bed 卧病在床 30)be busy doing (with) 忙于做(忙于) 1. come1)come back 回来 2)come down 下来 3)come in 进入，进来 4)come on 快，走吧，跟我来 5)come

60、 out 出来 6)come out of 从出来 7)come up 上来 8)come from 来自 2. do9)do ones lessons/homework 做功课/回家作业 10)do more speaking/reading 多做口头练习/朗读 11)do ones best 尽力 12)do some shopping (cooking reading, cleaning)买东西(做饭菜，读点书，大扫除) 13)do a good deed (good deeds)做一件好事(做好事) 14)do morning exercises 做早操 15)do eye exerc