2016短文改错近三年改错特点及分类错误解题指南

1、短文改错考情表解考情表解高考英语短文改错，考察学生综合运高考英语短文改错，考察学生综合运用英语语言的能力，从历年短文改错用英语语言的能力，从历年短文改错来看，学生失分仍很多，下面谈谈短来看，学生失分仍很多，下面谈谈短文改错解题技巧。文改错解题技巧。短文改错常见考点设置短文改错常见考点设置考点考点1：名词名词命题特点命题特点:1. 注意可数名词单、复数形式的用注意可数名词单、复数形式的用法错误。法错误。 2.注意不可数名词不能用复数形式。注意不可数名词不能用复数形式。 3. 记住常考的几个不可数名词：记住常考的几个不可数名词： advice, fun, progress, information

2、, furniture, equipment, luggage/baggage等。等。改正方法改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份根据名词前的修饰限定成份 (2)根据上下文的逻辑关系根据上下文的逻辑关系. 名词当堂练名词当堂练例例1give me some advices on how to write like a real writer.例例2Christie was one of my best friend at high school.advice例例3.They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that Ill ge

3、t marks in all my subject.例例4.Now we can get millions of informations from the Internet.例例7.We have made great progresses with Mr. Liu teaching us.subjectsinformationfriendsprogress1.1.只修饰可数名词：只修饰可数名词： a large/great number of, a good/great many, dozens/scores of, quite a few2.只修饰不可数名词：只修饰不可数名词：a gre

4、at deal of, a large amount of, quite a little3.零冠词：零冠词： 1）三餐、季节和学科）三餐、季节和学科 2）表职务、头衔的表语、同位语或补足语）表职务、头衔的表语、同位语或补足语 3） 球类运动和棋类游戏球类运动和棋类游戏 4） by+交通工具交通工具 补充知识点补充知识点 考点考点2：代：代词词命题特点：命题特点：1.男女性代词用反；男女性代词用反；2.单数指代复数；单数指代复数；3.代词词性用错；代词词性用错；4.缺少人称代词。缺少人称代词。 改正方法改正方法: 根据上下文的逻辑关系以及人称代词的数和格根据上下文的逻辑关系以及人称代词的数和格

5、的一致问题的一致问题. 例例1.Rose is such a kind girl that we all like him very much.例例2.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.例例3.I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei.例例4.It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of them were very excited.例例5.Soon I began to enjoy t

6、alking to myself as I was learning to express me in simple English.hertheirwhoseus代词当堂练代词当堂练myself 考点考点3：介词：介词命题特点及改正方法：命题特点及改正方法：介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：误：1）介词的基本用法；）介词的基本用法；2）习惯搭配；）习惯搭配；3）动词词类确定错误，如）动词词类确定错误，如talk, serve, wait等。等。记住：记住：介词短语常常考，固定搭配要记牢。介词后边介词短语常常考，固定搭配要记牢。介词后边跟宾语，

7、结合语境细推敲。跟宾语，结合语境细推敲。介词当堂练介词当堂练例例1 In that particular evening, there was a strange excitement in the air.例例2 Last Sunday we took a bus to visit to a farm. 例例3 From then on, weve kept touch with each other through e-mails. 例例4 It was so kind for you to let us bring Annes friend, Gina.Onin of例例5.Finall

8、y they found a hotel to stay.例例6.Well talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner.例例7.I am writing to thank you with your kind help. aboutat/infor 考点考点4：时态：时态命题特点及改正方法：命题特点及改正方法：现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去，突于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去，突然一个句子

9、用现在时；或者通常整篇都是现然一个句子用现在时；或者通常整篇都是现在，突然一个句子用过去时。其中又以一般在，突然一个句子用过去时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。现在时和过去时互改为多。 例例1.They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I can make great progress.例例2.The time passes quickly. Evening came.例例3.She liked it very much and

10、 reads it to the class.例例4.I dont know that they dont like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class.dopassedreadtalk 考点考点5：and/but/or/so误用及前后不误用及前后不一致一致命题特点：命题特点：主要考查主要考查and、or、but、so等并列连词的误等并列连词的误用。用。 改正方法：改正方法：1）根据句意确定错误；）根据句意确定错误； 2）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。例例1.S

11、he is smiling at me but nodding at me.例例2.It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.例例3.The food was expensive and the service was good.例例4.I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light.例例5.Hurry up, and you will miss the fir

12、st bus. andorbutandor 考点考点6：从属连词：从属连词命题特点及改正方法：命题特点及改正方法：句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。合句的关联词等。解答这类题从以下方面来思考：解答这类题从以下方面来思考：1）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；2）复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或连）复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或连接词是否得当等。接词是否得当等。例例1.It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.例例2.I dont k

13、now that they dont like to talk with me.例例3.That she said at the meeting surprised everyone in the room.例例4.What interested us most was what he gave his lessons lively and interesting.whenwhythatWhat 考点考点7：冠词：冠词命题特点及改正方法：命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：出题：1）不定冠词）不定冠词a和和an互改；互改；2）不

14、定冠词）不定冠词a或或an和定冠词和定冠词the互改；互改；3）根据需要增删冠词。）根据需要增删冠词。例例1.Rose comes from an European country but she can speak Chinese.例例2.He built a telescope through which he could study sky.例例3.We may be one family and live under a same roof, but-例例4.On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weeke

15、nd.例例5.With the help of Mr. Li I have made a great progress.thethethea 考点考点8：形容词和副词：形容词和副词命题特点及改正方法：命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。词的比较级等。1）根据）根据adj.或或adv.的基本用法确定错误；的基本用法确定错误；2）修饰名词用形容词，系表结构用形容词；）修饰名词用形容词，系表结构用形容词；3）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词，在句首用副词。个句子用副词，在句首用

16、副词。 例例1.I would describe myself as shy and quietly.例例2.There have been reports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes.例例3.The life of the people in the village has great improved.例例4.To catch the first bus she hurried to the station as rapid as she can.例例5.Findin

17、g information on the Net is easily.quietpersonalgreatlyrapidlyeasy考点考点9：非谓语动词：非谓语动词命题特点及改正方法：命题特点及改正方法：1）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；2）动词不定式和动名词的错用；）动词不定式和动名词的错用；3）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。 例例1.Earning their own money allows them spend on anything as they please.例例2.My parents will do all they

18、can make sure that I get a good education.例例3.Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English.例例4.The quake destroyed many houses and buildings,made many people homeless. totalkingmakingto 例例5.Repairing last month, now the bathroom opens.例例6.We fed

19、 monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.例例7.Some students may also to save up for our college or future use.例例8.There are a lot of people learned English in China.例例9.You should have a balancing diet to grow a healthy man.Repairedvisitedlearningbalanced考点考点10：关系代词：关系代词命题特点改正方法：命题特点改正方法：1）关系代词和人称

20、代词的错用；）关系代词和人称代词的错用；2）关系代词和人称代词的叠用；）关系代词和人称代词的叠用；3）关系代词遗漏。）关系代词遗漏。 例例1.Hes reading the same book that she did last week.例例2.Do you know the boy his father is a doctor? 例例3.Tom bought the new bike which he found it two weeks ago. aswhose 例例4.Finally they arrived at the cinema, that was standing on th

21、e water.例例5.Suddenly he found a temple, which was built it 100 years ago.例例6.On Teachers Day they talked about some things and persons whom they remembered in the past.whichthat考点考点11：主谓一致：主谓一致命题特点改正方法：命题特点改正方法：主谓一致性主谓一致性;第三人称单数漏掉第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响。再就是就近原则对主语的影响。

22、 例例1.She go to school by bike at 630 in the morning.例例2.Is there any books on the writing desk?例例3.What surprised us most are that he had passed the College Entrance Examination.例例4.Here is the answers to the questions.例例5.White as well as her parents come from the US.goesArewasarecomes考点考点12：平行结构：平行结构命题特点改正方法：命题特点改正方法：词性或结构前后不一致，根据上下文句词性或结构前后不一致，根据上下文句意做出判断意做出判断 例例1.Mother is a kind, health, friendly woman in our neighbor. 例例2.How much time did you take relax as well as to study p