甘肃省某知名中学高一英语下学期期末考试试题含解析3

1、兰州一中2017-2018-2学期期末考试试题高一英语说明：本试卷分第i卷（选择题）和第ii卷（非选择题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。第i卷（选择题）第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节 阅读理解（共10小题每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。awe are busy talking about and using the internet, but how many of us know the history of the internet?many people

2、are surprised when they find that the internet was set up in the 1960s. at that time, computers were large and expensive. computer network didnt work well. if one computer in the network broke down, then the whole network stopped. so a new network system had to be set up. it should be good enough to

3、 be used by many different computers. if part of the network was not working, information could be sent through another part. in this way computer network system would keep on working on the time.at first the internet was only used by the government, but in the early 1970s, universities, hospitals a

4、nd banks were allowed to use it too. however, computers were still very expensive and the internet was difficult to use. by the start of the 1990s, computers became cheaper and easier to use. scientists had also developed software that made “surfing” in the internet more convenient.today it is easy

5、to get on-line and it is said that millions of people use the internet every day. sending e-mail is more and more popular among students.the internet has now become one of the most important parts of peoples life.1. a new network system was set up to _.a. make computers cheaperb. make itself keep on

6、 working all the timec. break down the whole networkd. make computers large and expensive2. _ made “surfing” the internet more convenient.a. computers b. hardwarec. software d. information3. which of the following is true?a. in the 1960s, computer network worked well.b. in the early 1970s, the inter

7、net was easy to use.c. today its still not easy to get on-line.d. sending e-mail is now more popular among students than before.【答案】1. b 2. c 3. d【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了 因特网的历史早期的互联网的成立及他的工作状况今天科学家们还开发了软件，使“冲浪”互联网更方便。【1题详解】细节理解题。 根据第一段， in this way computer network system could keep on working all the t

8、ime.这样的计算机网络系统可以继续工作。可知应选c。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据scientists had also developed software that made “surfing “ the internet more convenient.可知，software使上网更方便。故选c。【3题详解】细节理解题。通过文章sending e-mail is more and more popular among students今天发送电子邮件更受欢迎故选d。bin this world, in many cases, a lot of same things can be uni

9、ted together. also, many opposite things cannot be united by many people. but there is always a chance to unite two different things in one work. the following passage will tell you more about the possibility of combining painting and poetry.perhaps, it is not a new idea that a great work can be cre

10、ated by combining paintings and poems. in this case, we can unite both things in two ways. the first way is to make the poem as the main inspiration for the painting. it is also possible to write a poem after looking at a painting.what about the next idea to combine painting and poetry? well, we can

11、 combine both of them on a canvas. you can paint an oil painting on it and then write down the poem on that canvas. i do not know whether this kind of idea has been used for years. but this is quite a great new idea for me. it will make more people love painting and poetry at the same time. you will

12、 not need to read the poem on plain white cloth anymore.a poem is a good way to represent a story or a thought. it is usually not too long and not easy to be understood literally (照字面意义). it is a series of words arranged in stanza (诗节) and lines with rhyme, which are quite changeable. therefore, com

13、bining it with another type of art (such as painting) would be very good. you can get the message of the poem through the colors on the canvas. all you need to do is to use your creativity to make a painting with the right color and with great words on it.4. the underlined word “canvas” in paragraph

14、 3 probably means _.a. a wall of a building b. a piece of paperc. cloth for painting d. the screen of a computer5. what can be inferred from the passage about painting and poetry?a. painting and poetry are so alike that they can be united.b. poetry can inspire us to paint and the opposite is also tr

15、ue.c. painting and poetry have been recently combined together.d. the author created the idea of combining painting and poetry.6. according to the passage, a poem usually has all of the following features except _.a. not being too long b. being representativec. having deep meanings d. having fixed f

16、orms【答案】4. c 5. b 6. d【解析】本文是一篇议论文。在这个世界上，在很多情况下，很多相同的东西可以结合在一起。而且，许多相反的事情不能被许多人联合起来。但总有机会在一项工作中统一两种不同的东西。这篇文章告诉你更多关于绘画和诗歌结合的可能性。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中what about the next idea to combine painting and poetry? well, we can combine both of them on a canvas. you can paint an oil painting on it and then writ

17、e down the poem on that canvas.可知，那么下一个将绘画和诗歌结合起来的想法呢？好吧，我们可以把它们都放在画布上。你可以在上面画一幅油画，然后在画布上写下这首诗。由此可知划线词的意思是“画布”，故选c。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段perhaps, it is not a new idea that a great work can be created by combining paintings and poems. in this case, we can unite both things in two ways. the first way is to

18、 make the poem as the main inspiration for the painting. it is also possible to write a poem after looking at a painting可知，诗歌可以激励我们去绘画，反之亦然。故选b。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中a poem is a good way to represent a story or a thought. it is usually not too long and not easy to be understood literally (照字面意义). it is

19、a series of words arranged in stanza (诗节) and lines with rhyme, which are quite changeable. （诗歌是一种表达故事或思想的好方法。它通常不会太长，也不容易逐字地被理解。这是一组用韵文排列的一系列词，它们是相当多变的。）由此可知a/b/c展示出一首诗的特色，而除d项之外。故答案为d。cjapanese researchers are genetically changing mosquitoes so that they become carriers of a vaccine (疫苗) that coul

20、d vaccinate millions for free. the researchers have already genetically changed a mosquito species so that its saliva (唾液) contains a protein that acts as a vaccine against leishmaniasis(利什曼病）, a deadly disease that leads to terrible skin problems. the team confirmed that mice bitten by the genetica

21、lly-engineered mosquito developed an antibody to the disease, meaning they had built up immunity (免疫力).“you would be vaccinated without even noticing. you wouldnt need any drug and you wouldnt need to show up at a fixed place for mass vaccinations,” said shigeto yoshida, the associate professor who

22、has led the research. “repeated bites would only strengthen the immunity.”similarly the mosquitoes could be used to help treat malaria (疟疾), perhaps a decade from now, said the malaria expert.nearly one million people die each year from malaria - most of them are children - mainly in africa and asia

23、, according to the world health organization. now a problem is that no effective vaccine exists. “there is a treatment that works, but it is beyond the reach of people who need to worry about food for tomorrow,” yoshida said.however, yoshida expects that the genetically-engineered mosquito will fina

24、lly help wipe out the deadly disease in the developing world. “technically speaking, i believe its a matter of 10 years or so, but its not clear whether society would accept it,” he said.another problem is that the genetically-engineered mosquito may still pick up and spread the infected blood of a

25、person who has already caught malaria. yoshidas team is hoping it can solve this problem by developing a mosquito species that kills the malaria virus inside its own body.7. how have scientists turned mosquitoes into carriers of a vaccine?a. by changing their genes. b. by killing the virus in their

26、bodies.c. by letting them bite mice. d. by injecting vaccines into their bodies.8. which of the following is not an advantage of using mosquitoes as vaccine carriers?a. its free of charge. b. its convenient.c. its more effective. d. its unnoticeable.9. what can we infer from the last two paragraphs?

27、a. people welcome the idea of using mosquitoes to treat malaria.b. mosquitoes carrying vaccines may still spread malaria.c. it is not long before people will use mosquitoes to get rid of malaria.d. a mosquito can kill the malaria virus inside its own body.10. the main purpose of the passage is to .a

28、. introduce a possible solution to malariab. encourage people to use mosquitoes to fight against diseasesc. show that japan has very advanced technologyd. call on people to help people suffering from malaria in africa and asia【答案】7. a 8. c 9. b 10. a【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍一种可能的疟疾解决方案。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第

29、一段第一句japanese researchers are genetically changing mosquitoes so that they become carriers of a vaccine (疫苗) that could vaccinate millions for free.可知，科学家通过转变他们的基因将蚊子转化为疫苗的载体。故选a。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中now a problem is that no effective vaccine exists.可知，c项its more effective. 不是利用蚊子作为疫苗载体的优势。故答案为c。【9题详

30、解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句another problem is that the genetically-engineered mosquito may still pick up and spread the infected blood of a person who has already caught malaria.可知，携带疫苗的蚊子可能仍然传播疟疾。故选b。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句yoshidas team is hoping it can solve this problem by developing a mosquito species tha

31、t kills the malaria virus inside its own body.可知，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍一种可能的疟疾解决方案。故选a。【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。本题第4小题，根据最后一段最后一句yoshidas team is hoping it can solve this problem by developing a mosqui

32、to species that kills the malaria virus inside its own body.可知，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍一种可能的疟疾解决方案。第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。in our life most people like green and green is an important color in nature. it is the color of most growing plants. sometimes, the word green me

33、ans young, fresh, and growing. _11_.for example, a greenhorn is someone who has no experience, who is new to a situation. in the 15th century, a greenhorn was a young cow or ox whose horns have not yet developed. _12_. by the 18th century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today - a person who is n

34、ew in a job.about 100 years ago. greenhorn was a popular expression in the american west._13_. the greenhorn lacked the skills he would need to live in the hard, rough country.someone who has the ability to grow plants well is said to have a green thumb. _14_a person with green thumb seems to make t

35、he plants grow quickly and well. you might say that the woman next door had a green thumb if her garden continues to grow long after your plants have died.green is also used to describe the unpleasant emotion, jealousy. the green-eyed monster is not a frightening creature from outer space. it is an

36、expression used about 400 years ago by william shakespeare in his play “othello”. _15_ a young man may suffer from the green-eyed monster if his girlfriend begins going out with someone else. or, that green-eyed monster may affect your friend if you get a pay raise and she does not.a.the plants prod

37、uced much larger crops.b.the expression comes from the early 1900s.c.sometimes, it describes something that is not yet ripe or finished.d.later, it meant a soldier who had not yet had any experience in battle.e.it was used to describe a man who had just arrived from one of the big cities.f.it was th

38、e result of hard work by agricultural scientists who had green thumbs.g.it describes the unpleasant feeling a person has when someone has something he wants.【答案】11. c 12. d 13. e 14. b 15. g【解析】本文介绍了green这个单词在历史不同时期的不同含义和与green有关的一些英语习语的含义。【11题详解】从前面的句子：it is also the color of most growing绿色表示的是长的很成

39、熟的颜色，和sometimes, it describes something that is nit yet ripe or finished意思相近，选c【12题详解】从前面的句子：in the 15th century, a greenhorn was a young cow or ox whose horns had not yet developed.可知在15世纪，绿色指的是没有成熟的东西，和later, it meant a soldier who had not yet had any experience in battle. 没有经验的士兵相类似。选d【13题详解】从后面的

40、句子：the greenhorn lacked the skills he would need to live in the hard, rough country.可知greenhorn是从大城市刚刚回来的人，缺少在困难的乡村生活的技能，选e【14题详解】从前面的句子：someone who has the ability to grow plants well is said to have a green thumb. 可知这段讲的是一个和green有关的英语习语，选b【15题详解】从后面的句子：a young man may suffer from the green-eyed mo

41、nster if his girlfriend begins going out with someone else.可知the green-eyed monster 是指对别人拥有他想要的东西的时候一个人的不好的感觉，选g第二部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分55分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。what can education do on you? is it important for you? what influence? in our

42、discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life，a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory  _16_course about 20 years agothe professor  _17_ the lecture hall，placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans, and invited the students to&#

43、160; _18_ how many beans the jar containedafter _19_shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin，dry smile，announced the _20_answer, and went on saying，“you have just  _21_ an important lesson about sciencethat is：never _22_ your own senses”twenty years la

44、ter, the _23_ could guess what the professor had in mindhe  _24_ himself，perhaps，as inviting his students to start an exciting _25_into all unknown world invisible(无形的)to the  _26_，which can be discovered only through scientific _27_but the seventeen-year-old girl could

45、 not accept or even  _28_ the invitationshe was just  _29_to understand the worldand she _30_that her firsthand experience could be the _31_the professor, however，said that it was _32_. he was taking away her only _33_for knowing and was providing her with no

46、substitute(替代). “i remember feeling small and   _34_ ，” the  woman says，“and i did the only thing i could doi _35_the course that afternoon，and i havent gone near science since”16. a. art b. history c. science d. math17. a. searched for b. looked at c. got through d. marched

47、 into18. a. count b. guess c. report d. watch19. a. warning b. giving c. turning away d. 1istening to20. a. ready b. possible c. correct d. difficult21. a. 1earned b. prepared c. taught d. taken22. a. lose b. trust c. sharpen d. show23. a. 1ecturer b. scientist c. speaker d. woman24. a. described b.

48、 respected c. saw d. served25. a. voyage b. movement c. change d. rush26. a. professor b. eye c. knowledge d. light27. a. model b. senses c. spirit d. methods28. a. hear b. make c. present d. refuse29. a. suggesting b. beginning c. pretending d. waiting30. a. believed b. doubted c. proved d. explain

49、ed31. a. growth b. strength c. faith d. truth32. a. firm b. interesting c. wrong d. acceptable33. a. task b. tool c. success d. connection34. a. cruel b. proud c. frightened d. brave35. a. dropped b. started c. passed d. missed【答案】16. c 17. d 18. b 19. d 20. c 21. a 22. b 23. d 24. c 25. a 26. b 27.

50、 d 28. a 29. b 30. a 31. d 32. c 33. b 34. a 35. a【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。教育对你有什么影响？这对你很重要吗？影响什么?在我们与人们讨论教育如何帮助他们在生活中取得成功的过程中，一位女士回忆起20年前的第一次科学入门课。【16题详解】考查名词。 a. art艺术；b. history历史；c. science科学；d. math数学。根据in our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life，a woman remembered the firs

51、t meeting of an introductory _1_course about 20 years ago可知，在我们与人们讨论教育如何帮助他们在生活中取得成功的过程中，一位女士回忆起20年前的第一次科学入门课。故选c。【17题详解】考查动词词组。 a. searched for寻找；b. looked at看；c. got through结束，通过；d. marched into长驱直入。根据the professor _2_ the lecture hall，placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans, and

52、invited the students to _3_ how many beans the jar contained可知，教授大步走进演讲厅，把一个装满干豆的大罐子放在他的桌子上，并邀请学生们猜出罐子里装了多少豆子。故选d。【18题详解】考查动词。a. count计数；b. guess猜测；c. report 报告；d. watch观看。根据the professor _2_ the lecture hall，placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans, and invited the students to _3_ h

53、ow many beans the jar contained可知，教授大步走进演讲厅，把一个装满干豆的大罐子放在他的桌子上，并邀请学生们猜出罐子里装了多少豆子。故选b。【19题详解】考查动词。a. warning警告；b. giving 给；c. turning away避开；d. 1istening to听。根据after _4_shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin，dry smile，announced the _5_answer, and went on saying，“you have just _6_

54、an important lesson about science可知，在疯狂的大喊大叫的猜测之后，教授笑了一笑，宣布了正确的答案，接着说：“你们刚刚得到了一个关于科学的重要教训。”故选d。【20题详解】考查形容词。a. ready有准备的；b. possible可能的；c. correct 正确的； d. difficult困难的。根据after _4_shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin，dry smile，announced the _5_answer, and went on saying，“you hav

55、e just _6_ an important lesson about science可知，在疯狂的大喊大叫的猜测之后，教授笑了一笑，宣布了正确的答案，接着说：“你们刚刚得到了一个关于科学的重要教训。”故选c。【21题详解】考查动词。a. 1earned学习；b. prepared准备；c. taught教；d. taken拿走。根据after _4_shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin，dry smile，announced the _5_answer, and went on saying，“you have

56、 just _6_ an important lesson about science可知，在疯狂的大喊大叫的猜测之后，教授笑了一笑，宣布了正确的答案，接着说：“你们刚刚得到了一个关于科学的重要教训。”故选a。【22题详解】考查动词。a. lose失去；b. trust相信；c. sharpen变锋利；d. show展示。根据that is：never _7_ your own senses可知，那就是：永远不要相信你自己的感觉。故选b。【23题详解】考查名词。a. 1ecturer讲师；b. scientist科学家；c. speaker演讲者；d. woman妇女。根据twenty yea

57、rs later, the _8_ could guess what the professor had in mind可知，二十年后，这个女人可以猜出教授脑子里想的是什么。故选d。【24题详解】考查动词。a. described描述；b. respected 尊重；c. saw看见；d. served服务。根据he _9_ himself，perhaps，as inviting his students to start an exciting _10_ into all unknown world invisible(无形的)to the _11_，which can be discovered