Introduction to phonetics

1、nstudy the physical properties of sound makingn/r/-varieties: two different sounds: r is produced as a trill of the tip of the tongueagainst the alveolar ridge r on the other hand is produced as a trill ofthe uvula in the back of the mouthwhat is done in phonetics?ndescribe vowel sounds and their fo

2、rmant frequenciesndefine what is meant by diphthongs and semivowelsnidentify the factors that distinguish consonants: place of articulation manner of articulation voicingnidentify phonemes from phonesndescribe how the sound of a phoneme changes according to contextvocal cordsglottisg h o t i/ f i /e

3、nough womennationwhen we produce the word “fish” slowly, we c a n p e r c e i v e t h e different segments (音段) in this word, /f/, /i/ and /. the reason for the divergence is that there are more sounds in english than the letters can represent. for this reason, we have to turn to phonetic transcript

4、ion to make sure of the correct pronunciation of a word. np and ph are examples of the /p/ phoneme.na phoneme is a range of sounds that:n are felt to be equivalent by speakersn are interchangeable as far as word meaning go: b and ph cant be the same phoneme because “bit” “pit”nconsonants are classif

5、ied as:n nasal: mouth cavity blocked and velum openn stop or plosive: mouth cavity blocked then releasedn fricative: mouth cavity not fully blockedn affricate: a stop followed by a fricativeaccording to him, the cardinal vowels are a set of arbitrary reference points based on a combination of articulatory