专插本英语8连词

1、连词 v什么是连词?v用于连接单词，短语或句子的词语并列连词从属连词v表并弄关系的连词：v1. and 和，而且v基本用法：表并列 i like apples and oranges.v祈使句后用and, 有条件句作用v此时and= if you you will study hard, and you will pass the exam. go straight, and you will see the library.并列连词并列连词v 2. both and 既也, 两者都 （谓语用复数） both you and jim are from england. she can spea

2、k both french and english.v 3. neither nor 既不也不, 两者都不 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。 neither i nor he likes this song. 并列连词并列连词并列连词v 4not only but also不但而且 (就近原则) not only the mother but also the children are ill. he not only washed the clothes but also cleaned the room v 5. as well as 与一样，也1) 用来连接并列的主语时

3、，谓语动词要与前一主语保持一致 helen as well as i is going to hk next week.2) 如as well as 前是不定式，那其后面也应是不定式，但to省略 her mother asks her to do the housework as well as (to) look after her sister.v二，表示选择关系的连词v1. eitheror 要么要么 不是就是 (就近原则) either you or i am going there tomorrow. she is either drunk or mad. either you or

4、 she attends the meeting.v2. or 还是，或者，否则 is she a teacher or a student? hurry up, or we will miss the bus.v3. otherwise 否则 （可与or 互换） get up quickly, otherwise you will be late for school.v 三，表示转折关系的连词v but 但是 he is old, but he is very healthy.v however 然而，但是，可放在句首，中，末， 通常用逗号隔开，作插入语。 my room is small

5、, however, its very comfortable.v while 然而，而 i am good at swimming while he is good at running.v yet, 然而，可是 he studied hard, yet he fail the exam. v四，表示因果关系的连词vso 因此，所以 （不能与because连用）vtherefore 因此，所以 (比so正式，常与and连用)vfor 因为 v与because的区别： for的句子重心在for前的分句，而because重心在because引导的从句 its morning, for the b

6、irds are singing. （对，表推断的原因） its morning, because the birds are singing. （错，因为鸟叫不是天亮的直接原因）v但可以说the birds are singing because its morning.v 用以引导名词性从句和状语从句的连词，由从属连词所导的句子叫从句。v 引导时间状语从句的：when, while, as, before, after, until, till等 v when用来引导长时间的从句时， 从句中用短暂性动词；用来引导长时间的从句时，用持续性动词。当从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，be动词可省略

7、when i got home, my family were already having dinner. （when表示点时间） when they were still talking and laughing, the teacher came in. （when表示时间段） when ( you are) in trouble, ask him for help.从属连词从属连词v while用来引导延续性动作或状态的从句，强调主从句的动作同时发生或持续。v while通常表示一段时间，从句中要用持续性动词作谓语。 she fell asleep while she was read

8、ing the newspaper.v while有时可以作并列连词，表示对比，可译成然而。 i am fond of english while he likes math.v as 引导的从句中多用表示动作的动词，不用be动词，且多是短暂性或发展变化的情况，可理解为“随着”v as表示点时间时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示段时间时，用持续性动词。as和when两者经常可以通用。 the thief was caught as/ when he was stealing in the supermarket.v as表示 一边一边，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。 they talk

9、ed as they walked. v as表示随着 as time goes on, its getting warmer and warmer. v 表示在之前或在之后， before & after turn off the light before you leave. i often play computer after finishing my homework.v 表示自从，直到 since &until she has studied very hard since she came to our school.v 两者区别：1. till不能用于句首 2.

10、 用在否定句中，表示直到才， 这个动作直到untill所表示的时候才发生。 until you told me, i have no idea of it. jim doesnt go to bed until/till his mother is back.v 表示一就 as soon as, once i will tell you as soon as i hear from her. once you begin you must persist. 引导原因状语从句的引导原因状语从句的: because, since, as, forv一、词性区别：一、词性区别：because，sin

11、ce和和as均为从均为从属连词，引导原因状语从句。属连词，引导原因状语从句。for为并列连词，为并列连词，引导并列句。引导并列句。v二、语气区别：语气最强烈的是二、语气区别：语气最强烈的是because, 接下接下来是来是since，其次是，其次是as，语气最弱的是，语气最弱的是for。v三、词意区别三、词意区别v because表示直接原因，它所指的原因通常是听话人所表示直接原因，它所指的原因通常是听话人所不知道的不知道的(the reason is very important in the sentence)。它所引导的从句一般放于主句之后，也可。它所引导的从句一般放于主句之后，也可以单

12、独存在。常用来回答以单独存在。常用来回答why的提问。在强调句型中，的提问。在强调句型中，只能使用只能使用because。例如：。例如：v （1）i read this book because i like it.v （2）-why is peter absent?v -because he is ill today.v （3）it was because peter is ill today that he is absent from the meeting.v 2. since侧重主句，从句表示显然的或已为人所知的理侧重主句，从句表示显然的或已为人所知的理由，常译为由，常译为“因为因为

13、”、“既然既然”。通常置于句首，表示一种含。通常置于句首，表示一种含有勉强语气的原因。例如：有勉强语气的原因。例如：v since everyone is here, lets start.v 3. as是常用词，它表示的是常用词，它表示的“原因原因”是双方已知的事实或显是双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因，或者理由不是很重要，含义与而易见的原因，或者理由不是很重要，含义与since相同相同，但语气更弱，没有，但语气更弱，没有since正式，常译为正式，常译为“由于，鉴于由于，鉴于”。例如：例如：v we all like her as she is kind.v 4.for用作连词时，与用作连词

14、时，与because相似，但它所表示的原相似，但它所表示的原因往往提供上文未交待过的情况。因往往提供上文未交待过的情况。for不表示直接原因，不表示直接原因，表明附加或推断的理由，因此表明附加或推断的理由，因此for被看作并列连词，它所被看作并列连词，它所引导的分句只能放在句子后部引导的分句只能放在句子后部(或单独成为一个句子或单独成为一个句子)，并，并且前后两个分句间的逻辑关系不一定是因果关系，其间用且前后两个分句间的逻辑关系不一定是因果关系，其间用逗号隔开，且逗号隔开，且for不可置于句首。不可置于句首。for的这一用法常用在的这一用法常用在书面语中，较正式。例如：书面语中，较正式。例如：

15、v the days are short, for it is now december. it must have rained, for the ground is wet. (从从“地面潮湿地面潮湿”做出做出“下过雨下过雨”的推测，但地湿并不一定是下的推测，但地湿并不一定是下雨所致雨所致, for不可以换为不可以换为because。)vthe day breaks, for the birds are singing. (不可用because，因为鸟叫不是天亮的原因）v he went to bed early, because he was tired (直接的理由)v he must

16、 be tired, for he went to bed early. (间接的推断)because 和for的区别 v引导条件状语从句的连词: if, unless, as long asvif 如果，表示在某种条件下某事会发生，也可以表虚拟或假设 if you ask him, we will help you. if i were you, i wont do that.vas long as 只要 nothing is impossible as long as we try. there isnt any orange in the bottle.v unless= if not,

17、 表示反面条件，如果不、除非。 they will go tomorrow unless it rains. =（they will go tomorrow if it doesnt rain.） i wont let you in unless you show me your pass.（= i wont let you in if you dont show me your pass. ）v引导目的状语从句的：in order that, so thatv1. in order that 为了，以便 they took a taxi in order that they could sa

18、ve time.v 2. so that 为了，以便 i got up early so that i could catch the first bus.v引导结果状语从句的：so that, suchthat v1. so + 形/副 that i am so tired that i cant walk any longer.v 2. such +名/短语 that it was such a warm day that we went out for a walk.v 注意：such+a/an+形容词+单数名词结构v = so +形容词+a/an+单数名词结构 he told us s

19、uch a funny story that we all laughed. he told us so funny a story that we all laughed. v六，引导让步状语从句的：although, though, even though, even ifvalthough, though 虽然，纵然， 不能与but 连用， 但可与yet连用valthough 较正式，不可作副词 although/though he is old, he is very healthy.vthough 较口语，可作副词，且放在句首，句末，意主为“不过，可是” it is hard wor

20、k, i enjoy it, though.veven though, even if 即使，纵然，尽管，就算veven though 尽管，即使， even though he is poor, she loves him. veven if 即使，纵然，含有强烈的假设性 even if he is poor, she loves him.【实例解析】【实例解析】 -i like riding fast. its very exciting. -oh! you mustnt do it like that, _ it may have an accident. a. and b. or c.

21、 so d. but答案：答案：b。该题考查的是并列连词的用法。答语的该题考查的是并列连词的用法。答语的意思是意思是“你不要那样做，否则会发生事故的。你不要那样做，否则会发生事故的。”在这四个并列连词中，只有在这四个并列连词中，只有or含有这样的意思，所含有这样的意思，所以应选以应选b。 john fell asleep _ he was listening to the music.a. after b. before c. while d. as soon as答案：答案：c。该题考查的是引导时间状语从句的该题考查的是引导时间状语从句的常用从属连词的用法。本句的含义是常用从属连词的用法。本

22、句的含义是“约翰在约翰在听音乐的时候睡着了。听音乐的时候睡着了。”表示在干某事时发生表示在干某事时发生了某个事情了某个事情” 通常用通常用while。因此应选因此应选c。1. -will the foreigners have any problems talking with chinese in 2008? -i dont think so. now _ the young _ the old can speak some english. a. eitheror b. not only but also c. neithernor d. bothor 2. we didnt catch

23、the train _ we left late. a. so b. because c. but d. though 3. tom failed in the exam again _ he wanted to pass it very much. a. if b. so c. though d. as4. i wont believe that the five-year-old boy can read five thousand words _ i have tested him myself. a. after b. when c. if d. until 5. the book was so interesting that he had read it for three hours _ he realized it. a. when b. until c. after d. before 6. -this dress was last years style. -i think it still looks perfect _ it has gone out this year. a. so that