主谓一致之邻近一致原则

1、主谓一致的原则三： 邻近一致原则邻近一致原则是指谓语动词的人称和数与它最邻近的名词或代词保持一致。这一原则在高考中主要体现在以下两个方面：1. 由or等连词连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题。主语是由or, either . or ., nor, neither . nor ., whether . or ., not . but ., not only . but also . 等连接的并列主语时， 谓语动词的单复数形式依照靠近它的主语而定， 例如： One or two friends are coming this evening. 今天晚上有一两个朋友要来。 What I say or wh

2、at I think is no business of yours. 我所说的或者我所想的与你们没关系。Neither I nor he is to blame. 我和他都不该受责备。 Neither you nor I am wrong. 你和我都没错。Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你， 而是你父亲该受责备。Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不仅你错了， 他也错了。Not only the teacher but also his students object to the change. 不仅老师，

3、 而且他的学生都反对这种改变。2. “there/here be”句型中的主谓一致问题。“there/here be”句型中真正的主语在be之后， 如果there/here be后存在并列的主语， 系动词be应与它相邻的主语保持一致， 例如： There is a book and some pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书和几支钢笔。Here are some apples and bread for you. 这些苹果和面包是给你的。There is an apple, two pears and some oranges on the plate. 盘子里有一

4、个苹果，两个梨子和一些桔子。There are two pears, some oranges and an apple on the plate. 盘子里有两个梨子，一些桔子和一个苹果。考题 Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. (1989)A. is B. are C. am D. be答案 B解析 依照邻近一致原则， 应以并列主语中最靠近谓语动词的部分Jane and Mary(复数形式)决定谓语动词的形式。本章补充强化训练题1. More than

5、one person _ late for class this morning.A. are B. was C. is D. were2. My friend and classmate Paul _ motorcycles in his spare time.A. race B. races C. is raced D. is racing3. Climbing hills _ of great help to health.A. is B. are C. were D. be4. The injured _ good care of by some medical teams.A. is

6、 taken B. are being takenC. are taking D. is being taken5. The factory, including its machines and buildings, _ burnt last night.A. is B. are C. were D. was6. Now Tom together with his classmates _ football on the playground.A. play B. are playing C. plays D. is playing7. Time and tide _ for no man.

7、A. wait B. waited C. is waiting D. has waited8. The singer and dancer _ come to our school.A. have B. has C. were D. was9. How and why Jack came to China _ not known. And when and where to build the new library _ not been decided.A. is; has B. are; has C. is; have D. are; have10. Each man and each w

8、oman _ asked to help when the fire broke out.A. is B. was C. are D. were11. Soon after the earthquake, every man, woman and child _ about it.A. were talking B. was talking C. talk D. talks12. Two hundred and fifty pounds _ too unreasonable a price for a secondhand car.A. is B. are C. were D. be13. A

9、bout 60 percent of the students _ from the south; the rest of them _ from the north or foreign countries.A. are; is B. is; is C. is; are D. are; are14. All but Dick _ in Class Three this term.A. are B. is C. were D. was15. Not only I but also everyone else _ so.A. say B. says C. have said D. has say

10、16. Either you or he _ interested in playing chess. _ you or he fond of music at present?A. are; Are B. is; Are C. are; Is D. is; Is17. We each _ strong points and each of us on the other hand _ weak points.A. have; have B. has; have C. has; has D. have; has18. It is not J. K. Rowling but her works that _ us excited.A. makes B. is made C. make D. are made19. There _ a pen, two pencils, and thre