英语必修四Unit1wordsandexpression

1、Unit 1 Women of achievement必修四第一部分I 词性变化词性变化(同根词同根词) 1. connect vt.连接；联系；接通电话 vi.连接，衔接 connection n.联系，关系；连接 2. argue vt.&vi.讨论；辩论 argument n.c争论；争辩； 3. crowd n. 人群，群众； v. 聚集；挤满；挤，推 crowded adj.充(拥)满了的，拥挤的 I 词性变化词性变化(同根词同根词) 4. inspire vt. 鼓舞；激发； 启示 inspiration n. 鼓舞；灵感 inspired adj.受灵感启示的 inspi

2、ring adj.鼓舞人心的 5. considerate adj.体贴的，体谅的 consideration n.考虑，要考虑的事；体贴 considerable adj.相当大(或多)的 6. deliver vt.递送(邮件)，接生；生(小孩)；发表(演说) delivery n.c,u投递；演讲 deliverer n.递送者 I 重点词汇重点词汇1.behave vt.&vi. 举动；举动；(举止或行为举止或行为)表现表现 behavio(u)r n.u 行为；举止；习惯行为；举止；习惯 behaviour towards/to. 对对的态度的态度/行为行为 练习练习 根据句

3、子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。 1). It s hard to train children to _ _ (举止得体举止得体) at the table. 2). She is always _ _ (举止得体举止得体) at school. 3). Their _ (behave) _ (介词介词) me shows that they do not like me. behave wellwell behavedbehaviourtowards2. achievement n.c成就，功绩成就，功绩 achieve vt. 取得，完成取得

4、，完成 重点用法重点用法 achieve sthachieve an aim / goal 达到目标达到目标 achieve success 获得成功获得成功 练习练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。 1). Without the support of the people we can _ _. 2). I have achieved only half of _ I hope to do. 3). Congratulations to you (介词介词) _ such a complete victory. achieve nothingwha

5、ton achieving3. observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守观察；观测；遵守 observation n.u 观察；观测；监视观察；观测；监视 重点用法重点用法 observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事观察某人做某事(已做完已做完) observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事观察某人正在做某事 under observation 被监视被监视 Observe the rule练习练习 用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。 1). They were observed _ (enter) the bank t

6、hen. 2). Keynes _ _ (观察到观察到) humans fall into two classes. enteringobserved that4. respect vt.&n. 尊敬；尊重；重视尊敬；尊重；重视 重点用法重点用法 respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人因某事而尊敬某人 have / show respect for sb./sth. 尊敬某人尊敬某人/事事 gain/ get/ earn/ win the respect of sb. 赢得某人的尊敬赢得某人的尊敬 out of respect 出于尊敬出于尊敬 练习练习 根据句子的

7、要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。 1). The new officer soon _ (赢得赢得) the respect of his men. 2). I _ you _ (因某事而尊敬因某事而尊敬) your honesty. 3). I have great respect _ (介词介词) his ideas, although I don t agree with them. won/earnedrespectforfor5. argue vt.&vi. 讨论；辩论；争论讨论；辩论；争论 argument n.c争论；争辩；争吵争

8、论；争辩；争吵 重点用法重点用法 argue for (sb./sth.)为为(某人某人/某事某事)而辩护而辩护 argue against (sb./sth.) 反对某人反对某人/某事某事)而辩护而辩护 argue with sb. ( about/over sth.) 与某人与某人(为某事为某事)而争吵而争吵 argue that. 主张主张 练习练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词或翻译。根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词或翻译。 We argued _ the waiter _ the price _ the meal. withaboutof6. intend vt. 计划；

9、打算计划；打算 intention n. 意图，意向，目的意图，意向，目的 重点用法重点用法 intend to do/doing sth. = mean to do sth. 打算做某打算做某 sth. be intended for (某物某物)是为而准备的是为而准备的 练习练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。 This book is _ _ beginners.(是为初学者写的是为初学者写的). intended for 7. deliver vt.接生接生(小孩小孩)，递送，发表，递送，发表(演说演说) delivery n. 投

10、递投递 deliverer n. 递送者，交货人递送者，交货人 重点用法重点用法 deliver a baby 接生小孩；生小孩接生小孩；生小孩 deliver sth. to . 把某物送到把某物送到 练习练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。词。 1). Some new books have _ (deliver) _ (介词介词) the schoo1. 2). The actor _ his speech _ (介词介词) a soft voice. been deliveredtodelivered/gavein8. worth / worthy

11、 / worthwhile词条词条搭配搭配意义和用法意义和用法worthwhileIts worthwhile doing.值得做某事值得做某事Its worthwhile to do. worthbe worthn.值得值得，值，值be worth doing“某事值得被做某事值得被做”要要用动名词的主动形式用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。另外表示被动意义。另外its worth it表示表示“是是值得的值得的”【练习练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。的词。 1). The necklace was _ 100 francs at most. 2). I

12、t s _ to discuss the question again. 3). You would find it _ your while to come to the meeting. 4). Can t you find something _ doing at all? The book is _ _ _ (很很 值得读值得读) a second time. 5). This place of interest is worthy _ _ _ / _ _ _ /_ _ _ (参观参观). worthworthwhileworthworthwell worth reading of a

13、 visitof being visitedto be visited9. look down upon/on蔑视；瞧不起蔑视；瞧不起 重点用法重点用法 look短语：短语： look on sb./ sth. as = consider sb./ sth. as把某人看作把某人看作 look on 袖手旁观袖手旁观 look into sth. 调查或观察某事物调查或观察某事物 look up 查阅查阅(单词、资料单词、资料)；向上看；向上看 Look forward to 盼望盼望look out for sb/sth警惕或留心某人警惕或留心某人/物物 练习练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入

14、适当的词或翻译。根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。 1). He was _ _ _ (被人看不起被人看不起) because of his humble background. 2). He is _ _ _ (被认为是被认为是) the leading authority on the subject. 3). If you want to know how a word is used, _it _ in a dictionary. looked down onlooked on aslookup10. refer to 谈到；查阅；参考；查询；提及；指谈到；查阅；参考；查询；提

15、及；指而言而言 重点用法重点用法 refer to sb./sth. as 把某人把某人/物称作物称作 refer sth./sb. to 把某事提交；让某人向把某事提交；让某人向求助求助 练习练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。 1). Although she didn t mention any names, everyone knew who she was _ _(指指). 2). He gave the speech _ _ _ (没有参阅没有参阅) his notes. 3). He likes to _ _ _ _ (被称为

16、被称为) “Doctor Khee”. 4). My doctor referred me _ (介词介词) a hospital specialist. referring towithout referring tobe referred to astoPhases1. come across = run across = meet by chance (偶然偶然) 遇见；遇见；碰见碰见 短语归纳短语归纳 come短语：短语： come about = happen 发生发生 come out 出现；开花；出版或发表；透露；显出出现；开花；出版或发表；透露；显出 come up 升起；发生

17、；出现升起；发生；出现 come up with sth 找到或提出（答案找到或提出（答案办法等）办法等） 练习练习 用用come短语的适当形式填空。短语的适当形式填空。 1). I _ _ some new words while reading. 2). His new book will _ _ next month. 3). She _ _ _ a new idea for increasing sales. 4). Can you tell me how the accident _ _? 5). How did it _ _ that he knew where we were?

18、came acrosscome outcame up withcame aboutcome about2. carry on 继续；坚持 短语归纳 carry短语： carry on (doing sth/with sth.) 继续(做)某事 carry out 贯彻，执行 carry out a plan/orders/instructions执行计划/命令/指示 carry sth through 成功地完成某事物 carry about随身携带 carry away运走, 使失去自制力 练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或carry短语。 1). They decided to _

19、 _ in spite of the weather. 2). Extensive tests have _ _ _ on the patient. 3). It is a difficult job but she s the person to carry it _. 4). Don t blame me. I m only _ _ my orders. carry onbeen carried out throughcarrying out 3. live/lead a. life 过着过着的生活的生活 短语归纳短语归纳 “v. + 同源宾语同源宾语”结构：结构： smile a. sm

20、ile 露出露出微笑微笑 dream a. dream 做了个做了个的梦的梦 sleep a. sleep 睡个睡个觉觉 sing a. song 唱唱的歌的歌 die a. death 怎样地死去怎样地死去 fight a. battle 打打的仗的仗 laugh a. laugh 发出发出方式的笑声方式的笑声 练习练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。 1). We are living happily. = We are living _ . 2). _(多么艰辛的生活多么艰辛的生活) they lived! 3). I _(做了个美梦

21、做了个美梦) last night. a happy lifeWhat a hard lifedreamed/had a beautiful dream专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊 正确使用派生词正确使用派生词(1)(1)1动词、介词、冠词、物主代词等词动词、介词、冠词、物主代词等词后一般接名词或动名词，如果所给单词是其后一般接名词或动名词，如果所给单词是其他词类，就要将其改为名词，并注意名词数他词类，就要将其改为名词，并注意名词数的变化。的变化。(1)Do you know the depth (deep) of the river?突破语法填空突破语法填空专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊(2)His

22、carelessness (careful) resulted in the terrible accident.(3)He is one of the scientists (science) who support this theory.专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊写作导与练写作导与练句型句型1The reasons are chiefly as follows：Firstly.Secondly.理由主要如下：首先理由主要如下：首先其次其次The reasons are chiefly as follows：Firstly，trees can take in a lot of dioxide

23、 which is harmful to our health.Secondly，trees can make our city more beautiful.专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊理由主要如下：首先，树木可以吸收大理由主要如下：首先，树木可以吸收大量的对我们有害的二氧化碳气体。其次，树量的对我们有害的二氧化碳气体。其次，树木能使我们的城市更加美丽。木能使我们的城市更加美丽。句型句型2Actions should be taken to.必必须采取措施去须采取措施去Actions should be taken to get rid of all kinds of pollution.必须采

24、取措施清除所有污染。必须采取措施清除所有污染。专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊句型句型3There are good reasons to.完完全有理由去全有理由去There are good reasons to cancel this impractical plan.完全有理由取消这个不切实际的计划。完全有理由取消这个不切实际的计划。句型句型4Therefore I strongly recommend that.因此我强烈建议因此我强烈建议专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊Therefore I strongly recommend that we should write more interesti

25、ng books for children in case they should indulge in obscene readings.因此我强烈建议我们应该为孩子们多写一因此我强烈建议我们应该为孩子们多写一些有趣的书籍，以免他们沉迷于色情读物。些有趣的书籍，以免他们沉迷于色情读物。专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊句型句型5A hot topic discussed today is.现在人们讨论的一个热点问题是现在人们讨论的一个热点问题是A hot topic discussed today is whether we should clone human beings.现在人们讨论的一个热点问

26、题是我们是现在人们讨论的一个热点问题是我们是否可以克隆人。否可以克隆人。专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊句型句型6There is no evidence to suggest that.认为认为是毫无根据的是毫无根据的There is no evidence to suggest that we must depend on western countries to develop our economy.认为我们必须依靠西方国家来发展经济认为我们必须依靠西方国家来发展经济是毫无根据的。是毫无根据的。专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊句型句型7When it comes to.，many people bel

27、ieve that.当说到当说到时，许多人认为时，许多人认为When it comes to global warming，many people believe that it is dangerous for human beings.当说到地球变暖的问题时，许多人认为当说到地球变暖的问题时，许多人认为这对人类是危险的。这对人类是危险的。专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊句型句型8Now it is time something was done to.现在是采取措施做现在是采取措施做的时候了的时候了Now it is time something was done to get rid of po

28、llution.现在是采取措施清除污染的时候了。现在是采取措施清除污染的时候了。专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊句型句型9From what has been discussed above，we may.根据以上讨论，我们可以根据以上讨论，我们可以From what has been discussed above，we may conclude that it is necessary to collect money to build a bridge.根据以上讨论，我们可以得出结论，必根据以上讨论，我们可以得出结论，必须集资建桥。须集资建桥。专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊句型句型10It goes

29、without saying that.是不言而喻的是不言而喻的It goes without saying that doing well in your lessons will make our parents happy.学习好能让父母高兴这是不言而喻的。学习好能让父母高兴这是不言而喻的。专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊用上述句型翻译下列句子。用上述句型翻译下列句子。1理由主要如下：首先，吸烟有害健理由主要如下：首先，吸烟有害健康。其次，吸烟可能引起火灾。康。其次，吸烟可能引起火灾。_答案答案：The reasons are chiefly as follows：Firstly，smoking

30、 does harm to our health.Secondly，it may cause fires.即时训练即时训练专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊2必须采取措施解决这个问题。必须采取措施解决这个问题。_答案答案：Actions should be taken to solve the problem.专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊3完全有理由实施鼓励储蓄的计划。完全有理由实施鼓励储蓄的计划。(encourage savings)_答案答案：There are good reasons to carry out the plan to encourage savings.专题突破锦囊专题突破锦囊4因此我强烈建议学校采取措施保证因此我强烈建议学校采取措施保证每个学生的安全。每个学生的安全。(ensure the safety of sb.)_答案答案：Therefore I strongly recommend that our school sh