考研虚拟语气

1、第四章虚拟语气类 别用法例句If 引 导 的 条 件 从 句与现 在事 实相 反从句动词：过去式（ be 用 were） 主句动词： should/would/could/might+doIf he were here, he would help us.与过 去事 实相 反从句动词： had+done 主句动词： should/would/could/might+have+doneIf I had been free,I would have visited you.与将 来事 实相 反从句动词：过去式 /should+ 动词原形 /were+to do 主句动词：should/would/

2、could/might+ 动词原形If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.省 略 if 的 虚 拟 条 件 句将虚拟条件从句中的 were ，had,should 放到 主语之前，构成主谓倒装 Should he come ,tell him to ring me up. Were I you,I would not do it. Had I been free,I would have visited you.混 合 虚 拟 条 件 句虚拟与陈述的混合：各遵守各的规则 He could have passed the exam,

3、but he wasn' t careful enough. You should have come earlier.The bus left a moment ago.含 蓄 虚 拟 条 件 句but for+ 名词表示虚 拟条件句子或主句中的谓语 动词的形式视具体情 况而定。这是考查考 生应变能力的最佳试 题。-But for your timely warning,we into greattrouble.-You know we're friends.A. would getB.must have gotC. would have gotD.can't hav

4、e gotwithout+ 名词表示虚 拟条件Without the air to hold some of the sun's heat, the earth at night would be freezing cold.动词不定式表示虚拟条件It would be only partly right to follow in this way. 如果用这种方式，仅仅对了 一半。现在分词表示虚拟条件Having known in time ,we might have prevented the accident.要是及时得知的话， 我们也许能阻止这场事故。过去分词表示虚拟条件Gi

5、ven more attention, the tree could have grown better. 如果多留心的话，这树本来 可以长的更好。副词 otherwise 表示 虚拟条件I was too busy at that time.Otherwise,I would have called you.我当时太忙，否则 我就给你打电话了。连词 but 连接的句子 表示虚拟条件He fatter but he eats too little .A. would becomeB. would have becomeC. must becomeD. must have become其 它 状

6、 语 从 句as if/as though 引导的状语从句中动词用 did 或 haddone 或 wouldcould might do。 注意：as if/as though引导的状语从句中也可 以用陈述语气： 当说话者认为所述的是真实的或极有可能发 生或存在的事实时：与现在事实相反He talks as if he knew where she was与过去事实相反He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.与将来事实相反He opened his mouth as if he would say something.in ord

7、er that/so that 引导的状语从句中动词 用 can/could/may/ might/ would 等 +doTurn on the light so that we can see it clearly.宾 语 从 句demand, suggest, order, insist 后接的从句中 动词为 should+doHe suggested that we not change our mind.wish 后的从句中分别用过去式，过去完成式 和 should/would+do 表示与现在，过去和将 来情况相反I wish I could be a pop singer. I

8、wish I would have gone to Shanghai last month.主 语 从 句在 It is necessary / important / strange that It is suggested / demanded/ ordered / requested that 等从句中， 谓语动词用 should+doIt is strange that such a person should be our friends.其 它It is time that 句 型 中 动 词 用 过 去 式 或 should+doIt ' sh igh time that

9、 we left/should leave.句 型 中would rather 所接的从句中动词用过去式或 者过去完成式I would rather you stayed at home now.If only 句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成 式，表示强烈的愿望If only our dream had come true!真题再现 句子分析For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngsters mi

10、ght have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.句子分析倒装结构 had he grown 相当于 if he had grown翻译： 例如，测试并不能弥补明显的社会不公；因此，它们不能说明一个物质条件差的年轻 人，如果在较好的环境中成长的话，会有多大才干。1） I wish （我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会 ）.3） Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars? I 'd rather he 漆_成（ 蓝色的，而且不带任何装饰 ）.4）

11、It ' s high time that 采_取_（措施解决交通堵塞的问题 ）.5）We insist that 让（ 杰克立刻进医院 ）.6 要是你当初听我的话 , 你现在就不会陷入这样的困境 .7 如果我的条件好一些 , 我就申请那份工作了8 但愿此刻阳光灿烂 .If I were you, I would not be so proud.9 如果我是你，我不会如此自负。10 没有空气和水，什么都不能存活虚拟语气练习题 1. Mr Li required the computer equipment referred usedin every classroom.A. shoul

12、d be B. have to beC. to beD . to being2. Yang Liwei has won great honour for our country. Who is Yang Liwei? What a question! It is surprising the first spaceman in China.A. you didn ' t know our national herBo. to you not to know himC. you should know nothing aboutD. you knew nothing about him3. What courses are you going to do next term? I don ' t know. But it' s about time on something.A. I ' d decideB. I decidedC. I decideD. I ' m deciding4. One of the requirements for the fire is that the material to its burni