初中情态动词用法总结

1、专项：情态动词一 考点： 情态动词的用法和辨析， 情态动词表示估计和可能，由情态动词引导的一般疑问句的回答；二 类型：1 只是情态动词： can, could, may, might, must2 可做情态动词，可做实义动词：need, dare3 可做情态动词，可做助动词：will, would, shall, should4 特别： have to, ought to, used to三 特点：1 有肯定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必需与行为动词和系动词连用构成谓语；四 用法：2 无人称和数的变化；（haveto 除外）eg: he has to stay here.3 后接动词原形；4 具

2、有助动词作用，可构成否定，疑问或简短回答；1. can 表示才能， “能，会 ”；eg : can you play basketball. 表示怀疑，推测，常用于否定句或疑问句；eg :li hua canbeintthe classroom. 表示恳求，答应，多用于口语，译“可以”=may.eg: you can go now.can 开头的疑问句，确定句，否定句用can 或 can t.2. couldcan 的过去式，表示过去的才能；eg :i could swim when i was seven years old.could 开头的疑问句，确定和否定回答用could, could

3、n t 假如 could表示现在的委婉，用can 回答；eg: could i have a drink. yes, you can.3. may 表示估计， “可能，或许 ”，用于确定句；eg: he may come tomorrow. 表示恳求， “许可,可以”；eg: may i borrow your book.注：表示恳求，许可时，主语为第一人称的一般疑问句，否定回1答用 mustnt不“可以，禁止，不许 ”不,用 may not “可能不 ”；表示希望； eg :may you success.4. might 表示 “可以”，用于过去时中；eg: he told me i mi

4、ght smoke in the room.用于现在时，表示说话更委婉，礼貌；eg:he might be doing his lessons now.5. must 表示 “必需，应当 ”；表示估计，常用在确定句中，表“肯定”；eg:there is someone knocking at the door.it must be jim.否定句中， mustnt 表示禁止，“不答应”；以 must 开头的疑问句， 确定句回答用 must,否定回答用 neednt , 表示 “不需要，不必” =“ dont have to”.表示“偏偏”；eg: must you play the piano

5、 at this time.6. need 情态动词： +do,用 need 提问或回答，确定句回答用must ,否定句回答用 neednt. eg: you neednt come to school so early.实义动词： +to do ,用助动词提问和否定；+doing 表示被动；neednt have done 表示没必要做某事但是做了； eg: i actually neednt have bought so much wine.7. dare 情态动词，多用于疑问句，否定句，条件句中；eg: i mafraid you dare not to do such a thing.

6、注： i dare say 习惯说成“或许，我想” ；eg: it will rain this afternoon, i dare say.实义动词： dare to do ,用于确定句中， 当用于否定句或疑问句时， to 可以省略； eg: this student doesntdare to raise any question in class.8. shall用于第一人称表示征求看法，询问；eg: shall i open the window. shall we have lunch here.表示说话人的态度， “命令，警告，承诺，威逼” ；eg: you shall finis

7、h your homework first.2用于第三人称， 在条约， 规定，法令等文件中表示义务或规定， “应该，必需”；（不常用）9. should表示义务，责任“应当” ；eg:we should obey traffic laws.作为shall 过去式，用于第一三人称，表示征求看法；eg:mrlee asked if he should get his visa.表示“竟然”；eg: it s unthinkable that the boy should sing such a beautiful song.表示说话人的特别情感，如诧异，愤慨，扫兴等；eg: how should

8、i know.表示劝说，建议， “应当”；eg: you should listen to your teacher.10. will用于其次人称表示询问， 恳求，也可以表达现在的 “意愿”；eg: will you pass me the book.表示意愿，打算，承诺，用于各种人称；eg: i will try my best to help you.表示规律性的“注定会” ；eg: people will die without air or water.11. would 表示过去的意愿或委婉询问；eg: would you tell me the way to the station

9、.12. have to “必需，不得不” ，强调客观需要，含有时态的变化；eg: i ll have to ask jim instead.区分： must 表示“必需，应当“，主观看法；13. oughtto 表示职责， 义务或要求， 及人们应当去做的正确的事或好事；eg: humans ought to stop polluting nature.比 should 语气强， ought to 反映客观情形， should 表示主观看法； ought to have done 本应当做而没有做；eg: you are late. you ought to have arrived five

10、 minutes earlier.14. used to 表示“过去经常，过去是“，没有人称和数的变化，可以和过去的3时间状语连用；否定形式：usedntto 或 didntuse to 疑,use提前或 diduse to.eg: he didnt use to be so careless.问词将区分 would :带有主观性，并且现在做不做不知道；used to : 客观性，和现在进行对比，过去经常，现在就不怎么做了；eg: he would phone me on sunday.eg: i used to be very fond of music when i was young.区

11、分： be used to doing （情态动词）习惯于used to do （情态动词）过去是，过去经常be used to do 过去式 被用来做eg: i am already used to noisy city life here.my parents used to live in south america. this machine is used to cut up waste paper.15.其他： had better do最好做某事eg: you had better stay at home.否定： had better not do be able to与 ca

12、n 表示才能时用法相同，但前者有时态的变化，有才能胜利做某事；eg: we will be able to come back next week.专题练习 ：1 1 john come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.a. may b. can c. has to d. must 2 they do well in the exam.a. can be able to b. be able to c. can able to d. are able to 3 -may i take this book out.-no, yo

13、u .a. can't b. may not c. needn't d. aren t 4 you go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.a. can b. must c. dare d. would 5 -can you speak japanese.-no, i .a. mustn't b. can't c. needn't d. may not42 1 -he be in the classroom, i think.-no, he be in the classroo

14、m. i saw him go home a minute ago.a. can; may not b. must; may not c. may; can't d. may; mustn t 2 -shall i get one more cake for you, dad.-thanks, but you , i've had enough.a. may not b. must not c. can't d. needn t 3 even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, s

15、o itbe very difficult.a. may b. must c. can d. need 4 he isn't at school. i think he be ill.a. can b. shall c. must d. has to 5 i take this one.a. may b. will c. ared. do3 1 the children play football on the road.a. can't b. can c. mustn't d. must 2 you be late for school again next time

16、.a. mustn't b. needn't c. don't have to d. don't need to 3 -must i do my homework at once.-no, you .a. needn't b. mustn't c. can't d. may not 4 1 his arm is all right. he go and see the doctor.a. has not to b. don't have toc. haven't to d. doesn't have to 2 he

17、 had to give up the plan, he. a. did b. didn't c. does d. doesn't 3 they had to walk here, they.a. mustn't b. did c. didn't d. hadn't 5 1 he had better stay here, he. a. didn't b. don't c. hadn't d. isn't 2 you'd better late next time.a. not to be b. not be c.

18、 won't be d. don't be 3 you'd better your hair once a month.a. had; cut b. had; cuttedc. have; cut d. have; cutted 4 you ask that man over there. maybe he knows the way.a. had better not to b. had not better c. had better d. had better not 6 1 -shall we go and visit the history museum next sunday.a. here you are b. sorry, i can't c. yes, please d. let me try 2 -why don't you ask mike to go with us.-thanks, .a. i will b. i won't c. lean d. i may 3 - i take the newspaper away.5-no, you mustn't.