初中英语祈使句讲解及练习

1、中学英语祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、恳求、建议或劝说的句子；其主语you 常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调；1. 确定的祈使句（1）动词原形 +其他stand up, please. = please stand up.请起立；（2） be + n./adj.be a good boy.要做一个好孩子.be careful. = look out. = take care.当心/ 当心！（3） let +宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分let me help you.让我来帮你；let s go to school together.咱们一起上学去吧；2. 否定的祈使句1 don

2、't +动词原形don't stand up.别站起来；don't be careless. 别马虎；don't let them play with fire.别让他们玩火；（2） let 型的否定式有两种:“ don't + let +宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分”和“let +宾语+ not +动词原形+ 其它成分” ；don't let him go. / let him not go.别让他走；let them not play with fire.别让他们玩火；（3） no 开头 ,用来表示禁止性的祈使句；no smoking.禁止吸

3、烟 .no fishing.禁止钓鱼 .3. 祈使句的强调形式，通常在确定祈使句式前加上助动词do ；例如： do shut up.快住口！4. 祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will 或 won t；在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要留意两点：1) 形式一样 即 yes 与 will 保持一样； no 与 won t 保持一样 2) 意思相反 即 yes 是 “不”的意思；no 是 “是”的意思 ；在回答时，要留意分析上下文语境中所供应的条件；如：- don t go out, please. it s raining heavily outside

4、.请不要出去； 外面雨下得很大；- yes, i will. i have to meet my brother at the airport.不行，我得去机场接我弟弟；5. 祈使句的反意疑问句(1) 确定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you或 won't you ；please open the door, will/ won请把t门yo打u.开，好吗？(2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you ；don't be late again, will you.别再迟到了，行不行？(3) 以 let's 开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall

5、we； let's turn on the tv , shall we. 我们把电视打开，好吗？<特殊留意 > 只有以 let's 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall we ，而 let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you 或 won't you. 如：let us stay here, will/ won'tyou. 请（你）让我们留在这好吗？一. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空；1. it s an important meeting. not, be late.2. not,make any nise.

6、your mother is sleeping.3. not, speak with your mouth full of food and be polite.4. not, talk and read aloud.5. not,leave your homework for tomorrow, larry.6. look out. a car is coming.7. give us ten years and just see what our country will be like.8. not, let the baby cry.9. wear more clothes or yo

7、u catch a cold.10. let s not, say anything about it.二、单项挑选1. the tv is too loud. please .a . turn it downb. to turn it downc. turn down itd. to turn down it2. late again, bill.a. don't to beb. don't bec. not bed. be not3. cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.a. notb. won'tc

8、. doesn'td .don't4. please help me carry it, .a. will ib. will youc. shall id. shall we5. don't make so much noise, .a. will youb. won't youc. shall wed.do you6. do you know the girl under the tree.a . standb. to standc. standingd. stood7. kate, your homework here tomorrow.a. bringb.

9、 bringsc. to bringd. bringing8. me the truth, or i'll be angry.a. tellingb. to tellc. toldd. tell9. i've kept the dog maomao for a long time.a . nameb. namedc. namingd. to name10. don't you know that is good for our health.a. swimb. swimmingc. swamd. swims 11 .her doctor said:“ work so h

10、ard ”a stopb don tc can td no12. sindy, to be here at 8 o clocka is sureb is sure thatc will be sured be sure 13. when you cross the road.a do careb carec do be carefuld to be careful14. him the secret, will you.a don t tellb not to tellc not tellingd no telling15. in bed. it s bad for your eyes.a n

11、ot to readb don t readc don t to readd not read16. your child. we ll look after him.a not to worry aboutb don t worry aboutc not worry ford don t worry with 17.they are very tired. why have a rest.a not theyb do not theyc don t theyd not to18 -you look rather tired. stopping to have a rest.- all rig

12、ht.a why notb how aboutc why not tod why don t 19 tell a lie.a hardlyb notc nod never 20.please look outside. look at the blackboard.a notb don tc arentd can t三、句型转换1. will you please read it again more slowly.（改为祈使句） again more slowly, please.2. if you don't listen to me, i'll go.（改为同义句） me

13、, or i ll go.3. let's watch the sports games.（改为反意疑问句）let's watch the sports games, .4. the teachers often tell the students not to be careless.（改为祈使句） careless, please.5. please sit next to nancy.（改为否定句） next to nancy.6. don't forget to turn off the lights, please.（改为反意疑问句）don't for

14、get to turn off the lights, .7. if you move, you'll die.（改为同义句） , or you'll die.8. come to my house tomorrow.（改为反意疑问句）come to my house tomorrow, .9. 这是一个坏了的被子；（翻译句子）this is a .10. 让我们去帮帮那个哭泣的女孩吧；（翻译句子）let s go and help the , please.四、将以下汉语翻译成英语；1. 请照看好您的包； .2. 让我们去学校吧. .3. 亲爱的 ,兴奋点儿 . .4. 不要把书放这儿； .5. 不要让猫进来； .参考答案 一、填空题1.dont t be2. dont t make3. dont t speakbe4. don ttalkread5. don t leave6. look7. give8. don t let9. catch10. not _say二、单项题1-5. abdba6-10. cadbb11-15 badad16-20 bdadb三、句型转换1. read it2. listen to3. shall we4. don t be5. don t sit6. will you7.