国贸复习提纲

1、复习提纲Chapter 11. Two kinds of trade restrictions. Tariff and Non-Tariff barriers2. Threeforms of import surtax.Countervailing duty/ Anti -dumping/ Variable duty3. The typesof duties according to the time of collection. Import duty/ Export duty4. The typesof duties according to the methodsof collectio

2、n.Specific duty/ Ad Valorem duty/ Mixed or Compoundingduty/ Alternative duty 5. The typesof non-tradebarriers.Quota/ import license/voluntary export restraints/foreign exchangecontrol/statemonopoly ofimportand export/government procurement policy/advanceddeposit/technicalstandard/heathand sanitaryre

3、gulation/packagingand laboringregulation/minimum priceChapter 21. Under FOB, CFR, CIF, FCA, CPT, CIP terms, Which party shallapply for export license?sellerclearthe goodsfor export?sellerbe responsiblefor inspection?sellerbear the freight necessaryto bring the goods from the port of shipment to the1

4、namedport of destination?Buyer: FOB/FCAbear the insurance premium during the carriage of goods from the port of shipment to the namedport of destination? Seller: CIF/CIP bearthe loading cost at the port of shipment? Buyer: FOB/FCAbearthe unloading cost at the port of destination?Seller: CIF/CPT appl

5、y for import license? buyerclear the goodsfor import and pay the relevantimport duty? buyer be responsiblefor re-inspection?buyerWhat modesof transportthey canbeusedfor theseterms?FOB/CFR/CIF: Seaor inland waterway transportFCA/CIP/CPT: any mode of transportincluding multimodal transport2. What aret

6、he placesof delivery under EXW, FOB, CFR,CIF ,FCA,CPT,CIP, DDU, DDP terms?EXWthe seller premiseFOB/CFR/CIFShip srailFCA/CIP/CPTCarrierDDU/DDPnamedplacein the importing country3. The legal featuresof INCOTERMS.It is not a part of national or international law though they can be blinding the sellers a

7、nd the buyers as their contractual obligations provided the salescontract specifiesthat a particular Incoterms will apply.2Chapter 31. Four types of mark usedin international tradeShipping marks/ information marks/indicative marks/warningmarks2. Some phrasesshould not be usedin the termsof packing i

8、n contracts as theyareambiguous,what they are?Sea-worthy packagingcustomarypackaging3. The meaning of following combinations of letters and figures in the following shipping markABC Co.Standfor nameof importerXYZ123is referencenumber,such asnumber of contract,invoice or shipping documentsShanghaiis

9、port of destinationChapter 41. Two typesof merchantvessels. Liners/ tramps2. The meaningsof W, M, Ad Val, W/M, W/M or Ad Val in a Liner sFreight Tariff.W/ by weightM/ by measurement,volumeAd Val/ by valueW/Mby weight or volumeW/M or Ad Valfirst by weight orvolume, secondby value3. The functions of a

10、 B/L.3A receipt from shipping co. for shippinggoods,sA title documentto the goodsshipped A evidenceof the contract of carriage4. The differencesbetweena shippedB/L and a receivedfor shipmentB/L.A Shipped B/L: Goods are loading on board. The name of the carrying vessel and the dateof shipping are ind

11、icatedon it.A received for shipment B/L: goods are unloading on board. No name of the carrying vesseland the dateof shipping on it. On boardnotation is needed.5. The differencesbetweena clean B/L and a dirty B/L.Clean B/L: no words about the defective conditions of the goods or packaging areprinted

12、on the B/L. goodsareapparentgood condition.Dirty B/L: packagesarein damagedcondition.6. The differencesbetweena short form B/L anda long form B/L. Long form B/L: therearecontractclausesprinted on the backof B/L. Short form B/L: No contractclauses.7. The featuresof an on deck B/L 舱面提单and a staleB/L.D

13、eck B/L: goods are placed on the deck of shipping transportation. No acceptanceto the issuing bank.A stale B/L: goods arrive before the arrival of shipping documents. The shipmentdateis latter than that in the L/C.8. When a bearerB/L or an order B/L is transferred,what type of endorsement is needed?

14、 Blank/restrictive/specialendorsement49. What type of an order B/L becomes after a blank endorsement/ after a specialendorsement?BearerB/L (blank endorsement)Order B/L (specialendorsement)Chapter 51. The two ways to expressthe exchangeratebetweenany two currencies. Direct quotation andindirect quota

15、tion2. Under the direct quotation, when a foreign currencybecomesexpensive/less expensive,will the buying andselling ratebe up or down?Expensive-uplessexpensive- down2. Under the indirect quotation, when a foreign currency becomesexpensive/ lessexpensive,will the buying and selling rate be up or dow

16、n?Expensive-downless expensive- up3. The currencies which exporters should choose / avoid as the contract currency.Choosethe currencythat will becomestronger. Avoid the currencythat will becomeweaker.4. The currencies which importers should choose / avoid as the contract currency.Choosethe currencyt

17、hat will becomeweaker. Avoid the currencythat will becomestronger5. The methods of quotation for foreign currencies in China, the U.K. and the5U.S.In China- direct quotationThe U.K and the U.S. - indirect quotation6. The 3 conditionsfor a proposalto becomeanoffer.(1) Be addressedto one or more speci

18、fic person(2) Be sufficiently define(3) Indicate the intention of the offer to be boundin caseof acceptance 1. The threepartiesto a draft.Drawer-payee- drawee/payer2. The definition of a bill of exchangeAn unconditional order in writing signed by on party requesting a second party to makepaymentin l

19、awful money immediately or at a determinablefuture time to a third party.3. In international trade, who is usually the drawer, the draweeand the payeeof a draft?Seller- drawer andpayee Buyer- drawee4. The differencesbetweena banker sdraft and a commercial draft.A banker sdraft is drawn by one bank o

20、n another bank. It is used in settling paymentobligations betweenbanks.A commercial bank is drawn by a firm or a exporter. The draweecanbe a firm, an exporter or a bank.65. The differencesbetweena sight draft anda time draft.Sight draft is payableon presentation.The drawee should immediately pay the

21、 amount on the draft drawn by him.A time draft is payablein a specified number of days,After 1) its dateof issuing 2) its dateof acceptance 3) its dateof L/C or at a fixed future date.6. The proceduresfor the operationof a sight draft and a time draft. A sight draft: insurance-presentation- paymentA

22、 time draft: insurance-presentation-acceptance-representation-payment7. For a dishonored bill, what must the holder obtain to exercise his right of recourse?A “ certificateof protest “ froma notary public, a law court or other institutions that have been authorized by law to issue such a certificate

23、 to certify the dishonoredof the draft.8. The meaningsof M/T/, T/T and D/D in English and Chinese.M/T: mail transfer 信汇T/T: telegraphic transfer 电汇D/D: a banker sdemanddraft 票汇9. The definition of a documentarycredit.跟单信用证It is a conditional bank undertakingor guaranteeof payment.10. The 4 basicpart

24、iesto a letter of credit. Applicant/ beneficiary/ issuingbank/ advising bankThe featuresof an revocable/irrevocablecredit, confirmed/unconfirmed credit.7Revocable credit is the one that may be amendedor cancelled by the issuing bank at any time without prior notice to the beneficiary before the docu

25、ments havebeenpaid, acceptedandnegotiated.Irrevocable credit is one that cannot be amended or cancelled without the permissionof all parties.Confirmed credit hasthe commitment of the confirming bank besidesthat of the issuing bank. The confirming bank guaranteesthe payment and the seller has double

26、assuranceof paymentand is better protected.Unconfirmed credit has commitment of the issuing bank only. There is on undertakingon the part of advising bank or any other bank.11. Is a draft usually required under a sight payment, negotiation, acceptance and deferredpaymentcredit? If yes,what type of d

27、raft is needed?Sight payment- (sometimesneeded)sight draft Negotiation- (must) sight draft or time draft Acceptance- (must) time draftDeferred- (no need)12. Is a sight payment/ negotiation / acceptance/ deferred paymentL/C a sight credit or a time credit?Sight payment-a sight credit Negotiation-a ti

28、me credit or sight draft Acceptance-a time draftDeferred -a time draft813. In an L/C, which party of a contract is usually the applicant or thebeneficiary?Applicant-buyerbeneficiary-seller14. The meaningof negotiation in an L/C.Negotiation meansthe giving of value for drafts and/or documentsby the b

29、ank authorizedto negotiate.15. Can the negotiating bank reservesthe right of recourseto the beneficiary after it hasnegotiatedthe documents?Yes16. When a transferableL/C is transferredto the actual supplier,what items are likely to bechanged?Credit amount/unit price/expiry date/time of shipment/insu

30、redamount17. The relationship between the middleman and the actual supplier in a transferableL/C.Applicant andbeneficiary18. Under what circumstancea back to back credit is used? When the transferredcredit cannot be used.19. The relationship betweenthe middleman and the actual supplier in a back to

31、back credit.Applicant andbeneficiary20. The featuresof a red-clausecredit/revolving credit. Red-clause credit: is the one with a clause that authorized the advising bank makeclean advancedpaymentto the beneficiary.Revolving credit: is one that is issuedfor a specific amount which renewsitself9for th

32、e sameamountover a given period.Chapter 7What do natural calamitiesrefer to in oceanmarine insurance? Heavyweather/lightening/tsunami/washingoverboard/floodandvolcanic explosion.What do fortuitous accidentsrefer to in oceanmarine insurance?Carrying vesselbeing grounded,stranded,sunk or in collision with floating ice or other objects, fire and explosion.What do extraneousrisks include in oceanmarine insurance?Theft, pilferage, fresh and rain water, short-deliver and non-delivery, leakage,shortage in weight, clashing