施心远主编听力教程4答案Unit-3

1、施心远主编听力教程4答案Un it-3A Liste ning Course 4施心远主编听力教程4 （第2版）答案Unit 3Secti on One: Tactics for Liste ningPart 1: Listening and Translation1. Girls score higher tha n boys in almost every coun try.issue几乎在所有国家里，女孩子都比男孩子得分高。2. Differences between males and females are a continuing of fierce debate.男女差异一直是激

2、烈争论的焦点。3. Cultural and econo mic in flue nces play an importa nt part.文化和经济影响起着重要的作用。4. But rece nt findings suggest that the an swer may lie in differe nces betwee n the male and female brai n.但是最新的发现提示，答案也许在男女大脑的差异。5. These in clude differe nces in lear ning rates.这些包括学习速度上的差异。Secti on Two Liste n

3、ing Comprehe nsionPart 1 DialogueExercise: Listen to the dialogue and filling the blanks with the miss ing in formati on.Seren adi ng Service was foun ded three years ago whe n the sin ger realize that British people were desperate for roma nee.He thought there would be a elie ntele for a hired sere

4、nader.The idea came from his studies of Renaissance music, which is full of serenades. Over the cen turies, uni versity stude nts have tur ned the sere nade into an art form for hire. Usually he is hired by men to sing love songs to wome n. Occasion ally he is asked to si ng to men. The service is r

5、eally a form of in timate alfrescotheatrewith love songs . He usually wears a white tie and tails and sings amorous Italian songs . He will carry chocolate hearts or flowers a nd whe n there is no bale ony available he will sing from trees or fire escapes !The fee depends on whether a musician comes

6、 along or not.The basic rate is£ 45(but it can cost a lot more especiallyif he takesa gon dola and a group of musicia ns along. Somepeople are so moved that they burst in to tears , but some react badly. They try to find out as much as they can about their clients to avoid unpleasant situations

7、. They have to be verycareful these days because a serenade can be completely misinterpreted .Part 2 PassageEx. A. Pre-liste ning Questi onWhat memory strategies do you know that can help you remember things better?1) Brain prioritizes by meaning, value and releva nee.2) Your attitude has much to do

8、 with whether you remember somethi ng or not.3) Your un dersta nding of new materials depe nds on what you already know.4) You can learn and remember better if you can group ideasinto some sort of meanin gful categories or groups.5) The brain's quickest and probably the Iongest-lasting resp onse

9、 is to images.6) Memoryis in creased whe nfacts to be lear ned are con sciously associated with someth ing familiar to you.Ex. B: Sentence Dictatio n.Mnemonics are methods for rememberi ng in formati on that is otherwise quite difficult to recall.2. Our brains evolved to code and in terpret complex

10、stimuli such as images, colors, structures, soun ds, smells, tastes, touch, positi ons, emoti ons and Ian guage.3. While Ianguage is one of the most important aspects of human evolution, it is only one of the many skills and resourcesavailable to our min ds.4. Association is the method by which you

11、link a thing to be remembered to a way of rememberi ng it.5. Locati on gives you two thin gs: a cohere nt con text into which you can place information, and a way of separating one mnemoni from ano ther.Ex. C: Detailed Liste ning.1. Mnemonics are tools which can help you to improve your memory.T. (M

12、emory tools can help you to improve your memory"Mnemonic" is another word for memory tool.)2. The fun dame ntal prin ciple of mnemon ics is to make full useof the best fun cti ons of the brain to store in formati on.T (The basic prin ciple of mnemon ics is to use as many ofthe best functio

13、nsof your brain as possible to storein formatio n.)3. Information wehave to remember is almost always presentedin differe nt ways.F (Unfortunatelyinformationwe have to remember is almost4. We can do four things to form striking images, which willhelp to make our mnemonics more memorable.T ( Use posi

14、tive, pleasa nt images; use vivid, colorful,sen se-lade n images; use all your sen ses to code in formati on or dress up an image; give our image three dimensions, movement and space.)5. There is one basic principle in the use of mnemonics.F (There are three fun dame ntal prin ciples un derly ing th

15、euse of mnemoni cs: imag in atio n, associati on and locati on)6. Association is what we use to create and strengthen imagi nati on.F (Imag in ati on is what you use to create and stre ngthe n theassociati ons n eeded to create effective mnemoni cs.)7. You can choose the imagery in your mnemon ics a

16、s you likeT (The imagery you use in your mnemon ics can be as viole nt,vivid, or sensual as you like, as long as it help you to remember.)8. You can create associationsby linking things using the samestimuli.T. (You can create associationsby linking them using the same color, smell, shape, or feeli

17、ng.)Ex. D: After-liste ning Discussi on1. What is the basic principle of mnemonics? Whycan we improve our memory by following the principle?To use as many of the best functionsof your brain aspossible to store in formatio n.Evolved to code and interpretcomplex stimuli. Use these tomake sophisticated

18、 models of the world.Our memories store all of these effectively.However, i nformati on is prese nted in only one way. Lan guageis only one of the many skills and resources available to our min ds.By coding Ianguages and numbers in striking images,/ can reliable code both information and structure o

19、f information. Then easily recall these later.2. Why is a good memory importa nt to us?Ope n.Secti on Three NewsNews Item 1strike.Ex. A: Summarize the n ewsThis n ews item is about the Somali pirates Ex. B: Liste n to the n ews aga in and an swer the questio ns.1. Whether this latest attempted hijac

20、king was the promisedrevenge for the killing of three Somali pirates by the USnavy isn't clear.2. No, the pirates haven' t been deferred.3. Because the financial rewards for a successful hijackingrema in so great and Somalia rema ins so lawless.4. At any one time there are only fifteento eig

21、hteenintern ati onal warships in the area to police an expa nse ofsea coveri ng more tha n a milli on square kilometres.5. It may be because of the relatively small scale of the problem.Tape script of News Item One:The piracy problem looks like it's here to stay despitethe rece nt muscular in te

22、rve ntio ns by the French and America nnavies.Whether this latest attempted hijackingwas thepromised revenge for the killing of three Somali pirates by the USnavy isn't clear. But it does suggest at the very least that the pirates have n't bee n deterred.So why does the problem persist? Put

23、simply maritime security analysts say piracy will continue as long as thefinan cial rewards for a successful hijack ing remai n so great and Somalia rema ins so lawless. Certa inly the intern ati onal effort to thwart the problem is relatively limited. At any one time there are only fifteento eighte

24、en internationalwarshipsin the area to police an expa nse of sea coveri ng more tha n a millionsquare kilometres. Although it has been suggested thatraids could be moun ted on the pirates' home tow ns, it seems un likely there'll be any major in crease in the military effort uni ess there

25、9;s a spectacular hijack ing inv olvi ng the deaths of many crew members.The relucta neeto mount a major in ter natio naln avaloperation in the area may also be down to the relatively small scale of the problem. Last year, according to figures from the Intern ati onal Maritime Bureau, n early twenty

26、 three thousa nd ships passed through the Gulf of Ade n. Only ninety two were hijacked.Rob Watso n, BBC NewsNews Item 2Ex. A: Listen to the news and complete the summaryThis news item is about Obama s militaryplaninAfgha ni sta n.Ex. B: True or false.1. The Preside nt is con sideri ng leav ing Afgha

27、 ni sta n.F. (The Preside nt is maki ng it clear thatleav ingAfgha ni sta n is not an opti on.)2. Obamawouldn' t shrink the number of troops in Afghanistan, n either would he deploy more military troops.T.3. Preside nt Obama thought his assessme nt would be "rigorous and deliberate".T.

28、4. Opinions aga inst Obama are not heard.F.( some Republica ns and members of the Preside nt's own party are dubious about committing more resources and military pers onnel to a con flict where there is no end in sight.)5. The con flict in Afgha ni sta n seems to be over soon.F.(about committing

29、 more resources and military pers onnel to a con flict where there is no end in sight.)6. Afgha ni sta n can be the sec ond Viet nam.T. (The word 'Viet nam' is heard more and more on CapitolHill.)Script of News Item Two:The Preside nt is maki ng it clear that leav ing Afgha ni sta n is not a

30、n option. It's not on the table. According to one White House source, he told the meet ing that he would n't shri nk the number of troops in Afghanistan or opt for a strategy of merely target ing al-Qaeda leaders. But he would n't be draw n on the military request for more troops.There a

31、ppears to be a frustrationthat the review ofstrategy has sometimes been portrayed in black-and-white terms of a massive in crease or reducti on of troop nu mbers.Preside nt Obama told the group made up of the most senior Republican and Democrat senators and congressmen that his assessment would be &

32、quot;rigorous and deliberate". But it's going on too long for someRepublica ns and membersof the Preside nt's own party are dubious about committing more resources and militarypersonnel to a conflictwhere there is no end in sight.The word 'Viet nam' is heard more and more on Cap

33、itol Hill.The Preside nt was certa inly right whe n he said his final decisi on would n't make every one in the room, or the coun try, happy.Mark Mardell, BBC News, Washi ngtonNews Item 3Ex. A: Listen and summarize the news itemThis news item is about fragile peace that retur ns to GazaEx. B: Li

34、ste n aga in and fill in the bla nks.There were traffic jams on the road north, families heading to Gaza City to reunite with friends and relatives. Long lines of cars backed up at the makeshift roadblocks the Israelis have left behi nd. But the tanks are gone, on ly thedeep tracksrema in.There were

35、 buildings pitted with Israeli tank rounds; from the holes that have been punched in the walls it was clear there had also bee n sn ipers waiting for them. North of Khan Younis we saw someof the Qassamfightersreturning home, their riflesslung lazily around their shoulders.For three weeks the Israeli

36、s poun ded the tunnelthat runben eath the perimeter wall but last ni ght we met people who insist that someof these tunnels are still open and still some fuel is being pumped from the Egyptia n sider. If the bordercross ings rema in close, say the Palesti nians, these tunn elsare their only link to

37、the outside world.Script of News Item 3There were traffic jams on the road n orth, families headi ng to Gaza City to reunite with friends and relatives. Long lines of cars backed up at the makeshift roadblocks the Israelis have left behi nd. But the tanks are gone, only the deep tracks rema in.There

38、 were buildings pitted with Israeli tank rounds; from the holes that have been punched in the walls it was clear there had also been snipers waiting for them. North of Khan Younis we saw someof the Qassamfightersreturning home, their riflesslung lazily around their shoulders.The destructi on we'

39、ve see n has largely bee n in flicted onthe Hamasinfrastructure:police stations, military outposts,gover nment build in gs, so far the most exte nsive damage - that at the border in Rafah where nothing was spared.For three weeks the Israelis poun ded the tunn elsthat runben eath the perimeter wall b

40、ut last ni ght we met people whoinsist that someof these tunnels are still open and still some fuel is being pumped from the Egyptia n side; impossible for us to verify in depe nden tly, but they say they are determ ined to reopen them and to dig them deeper. If the border crossings rema in close, s

41、ay the Palest inians, these tunn els are their only link to the outside world.Christia n Fraser, BBC News, GazaSecti on FourPart 1 Feature reportExercise A:This news report is about the recreation of the prehistoricworld in Lia oning, Chi na, based onthe scie ntific findingsonfossils discovered ther

42、e.Exercise B:1. 35 prehistoric animals were created.2. They recreated the extinct beasts through the marriage ofscie nee, art and tech no logy.3. The exhibit is not behind the glass or otherwise enclosed,so visitors are eye to eye with extinct beasts. It is displayed in this way so that visitors wil

43、l feel as if they ' ve stepped in to a Chi nese forest 130 millio n years in the past.4. He says it ' s accurate because every single plant, everyin sect, every orga nic feature in it actually represe ntssomethi ng that has bee n found as a fossil in n ortheaster nChi na.5. The only thing sc

44、ientists had to make up is what color someof the ani mals were.6. According to Michael Novacek, birds are living dinosaurs.7. They study the moveme nts of com mon place turkeys, chicke ns and ostriches to learn how similarly-built dinosaurs wouldand thesta nd or walk.8. By using high-tech imagery, f

45、ossils,gained from the biology of barnyard animals, scientistsnoestimate the giant T-Rex could reach speeds of 16 kilometersper hour, far slower that the more than 70 kilometers per hour previously thought.Script :Dino saur Discoveries Made Possible through Art, Tech no logy, Moder n LivestockThe ro

46、lli ng hills of a province in n ortheaster n Chi na are now terraced for farming, but beneath that farmland are clues to a prehistoric world unlike any seen by humaneyes - until this week. Some 130 million years after dinosaurs roamed the Lia oning forest, the world has bee n pain stak in gly recrea

47、tedin New York City's America n Museum of Natural History.The sound of the prehistoric forest is one of the few thingsthat has bee n imag ined in this 65 square-meter diorama. Thegingko leaves, piney trees and life-sized models of 35 prehistoric animals were created through the marriage of scie

48、nee, art and tech no logy, as every detail, dow n to thesleeping pose of a dinosaur, is based on scientific findings.The exhibit is not behi nd glass or otherwise en closed, sovisitors are eye-to-eye with extinct beasts, feeling as ifthey've stepped into a Chinese forest 130 millionyears in thep

49、ast.Mark Norell is a pale on tologist who has worked in Lia oning,searchi ng for clues to recreate this prehistoric world."It's accurate because every sin gle pla nt,every in sect, everyorga nic feature in it actually represe nts somethi ng that hasbee n found as a fossil in no rtheaster n

50、Chin a," he expla in ed,"so the only thing that we had to sort of make up a little bitis what color some the an imals were. Eve n though we know someof theme were patterned,but we know definitelythat they were patter ned, because we can see that is the soft tissue rema ins, but we don'

51、t know what color they were but we try to be a little conservative in that regard, but nevertheless all the feathers you see, all the weird tail structures you see, is all stuff we found as fossils."Undern eath the gin gko trees, a feathered bird-like dino saurchases on two legs after a large w

52、in ged in sect, the dino saur's beak-likemouth open to reveal rows of jagged teeth. A sleepingdinosaur tucks its head beneath its arm, muchas a modern goose tucks its head ben eath its wing.The museum's curator of pale on tology,Michael Novacek,explains that it is necessary to understand bir

53、ds in order to better un dersta nd ext inct creatures."The reas on birds are so importa nt to us is really a fact wewere n't so aware of 10, 20 years ago is that birds are liv ingdino saurs. They're n ot just related to dino saurs. They aredino saurs," he stressed. "They'r

54、e a branch of dino saurs, so convenien tly eno ugh dino saurs did n't go completely ext in ct.One group, the birds, survived."Scie ntistsstudy the moveme nts of com mon place turkeys,chickens and ostriches to learn how similarly builtdinosaurswould stand or walk. Researchers even created a

55、computer model of a giant chicken to learn more about the movements of the ever popular Tyranno saurus Rex.By using high tech imagery, fossils, and the kno wledge gainedfrom the biology of barnyard animals, scientists now estimate the gia nt T-Rex could reach speeds of 16 kilometers per hour, far sl

56、ower than the more than 70 kilometers per hour previously thought.These scientific findings are passed along to model designers, such as the creator of a six-foot-l ong mecha ni cal T-Rex, a highlight of the new exhibit. The menacing skeleton's tail sways and its head bobs as the ext in ct di no

57、 saur shifts its weight, plodding in place - yet another example of the n ever-before-see n beco ming altogether real whe n scie nee and tech no logy meet art.Part 2 PassageExercise B1. The goal of this study was to determine what type of “gaze”is required to have this effect.2. The Queen' s stu

58、dy showed that the total amount of gaze received during a group conversation is more important than whe n the eye con tact occurs.3. The eye con tact experime nt used computer-ge nerated imagesform actors who conv eyed differe nt levels of atte nti on.4. The researchers concluded that people in group discussionswill speak up more if they receive a greater amount of eye con tact from other group members.5. The effect of eye gaze has literallyfascinatedpeoplethroughout the ages.6. Exercise C1. A 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. BExercise D1. The eye con tact experime nt used computer-ge