陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句讲解与练习

1、陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句讲解与练习一、陈述句 陈述句就是叙述一件事情后者表达一种看法的句子。 陈述句的分类 陈述句可以分为肯定式和否定式两种。1. 肯定式 第一种：主语 +谓语 +其他，如 Lucy likes playing sports. I am singing.My father went to Beijing last week. She can ride the bike.第二种：主语 +系动词 +表语，如：This room is empty. We are good friends .2. 否定式 陈述句的否定式有以下三种： 第一种就是 Be 动词加，后面 not 构成否

2、定句。 如： lisa is not a studentThere were not at school yesterday. 第二种就是实义动词，而且没有情态动词或 助动时，要用“ do/dose/did +not 构成否定。如：I don' ltike music.The farmer did not want to feed the rabbit. 第三种：谓语动词为“助动词、情态动词 +实义动词”时，要用“助动词 /情态动 词 +not” 构成否定。如：I am not going to play computer games.Harry must not go to scho

3、ol at night.We can not go hiking with you this weekend.二、疑问句分为四种： 一般疑问句、 特殊疑问句、 选择疑问句和反义疑问句。1. 一般疑问句通常以 be ,have ,助动词或情态动词开头，回答时用 Yes, No, 朗 读时要用升调。2. 特殊疑问句是对句子某一部分的疑问句。 特殊疑问句的句式是：特殊疑问词 +一般疑问句。疑问词有 who, whom , whose , what, when, why , where ,how 等。如：who is our classmate? What does Kate do on Sunday

4、s?Whose cat is it ? which bag will they buy? When did he go out ? Why don 't we go together?Where were you last night ? How are you today?3. 选择疑问句的结构是提供两种或两种以上的情况， 供对方进行选择回答的句 子。选择疑问句的句式是：一般疑问句 +or +可选择部分。如： are the apples red or green ?选择疑问句的特殊疑问句式是： 特殊疑问句 +or+可选择部分。 如： which girl is taller ,Sa

5、lly or Jessica?选择疑问句的回答和特殊疑问句一样，不能用 yes 或 no ，要根据实际情 况回答。朗读时，选择疑问句在 or 前面的部分要用升调，句末要读降调。4. 反义疑问句的句式有两种，一种是：肯定句陈述句 +否定结构的反意疑问句 是在陈述句的后面，对陈述句所说的实施或看法提出疑问的句子。 附加疑问句。如： you know him ,don't you ? 另一种是： 否定陈述句 +肯定 结构的附加疑问句。如： Sandy can't speaking English ,can he? 反义疑问句也要用 yes 或 No 来回答。如果陈述句部分的内容是事实

6、，就用 yes 回答，后面相应的用肯定结构；如果陈述句部分的内容不是事实，就用 no 来回答，后面跟否定结构。在翻译时要注意 yes 和 no 的意思。 如：you know him ,don' ytou? Yes ,I do . （是，我认识。 ） No， I don't （ 不， 我不认识）Sandy can't speak English ,can he ? Yes ,he can 不. （，他会。） No， he can't.（是 的，他不会。 ）在朗读时，陈述句部分用降调，附加疑问可以升也可以降。三、祈使句1.什么是祈使句 用来表示请示、 命令、劝告、

7、建议等的句子叫做祈使句。 如：Sit down, please.Be careful!2.祈使句的分类 根据用途和功能，祈使句可以分为以下几类 表请求。如： Close the window , please. 表命令。如 Stop talking!表提醒或警告。如： Look out !The car is coming. 表邀请。如： Help yourself to some fish. 表示禁止。如： Don't spit ! No parking!四、感叹句的结构 小学阶段的感叹句主要有 how 和 what 引导两种。1.How 感叹句的结构： how +形容词/副词+主语

8、+谓语，如：how nice the boots are!2.what 感叹句的结构： What +a/an +形容词 +可数名词单数 +主语 +谓语，如： what a pretty girl she is ! 但是如果是可数名词复数或不可数名词，就可以去 掉句中的 a/an.如： What expensive pens these are ! What pleasant weather it is!巩固练习基础题()1. Where is the man?A. Under the tree B. At 10:00C. Read a bookD. My mother()2. How do y

9、ou go to school?( )3. What ' he?A. Working B. His fatherC. At homeD. A teacher.()4. What time do you get up every day?A. At homeB. HeC. Clean my bedroom D. At 7:00()5. What she do this morning?A. is B. does( )6. How you do?A. areB. is( )7. Which is better, the red one _A. andB. or( )8. are you?W

10、onderful!A. HowB. What( )9. is it today?It ' s Monday.A. What date B. What day( )10. shall we go?In the moring.A. When B. WhoC. doD. didC. doD. did_ the blue one?C. butD. soC. WhoD. WhereC. What timeD. What languageC. WhereD. How()11. Excuse me ,can you tell me to get to the No. 1 Middle School?

11、A. where B. which C. why D. how( )12. got the 100th gold metal in the Olympics for China?- Zhang Yining .B. WhatC. WhenA. Who( )13 are you talking about?We are talking about the Asia Games in Guangzhou.A. What B. WhereC. Why( )14. do you visit your uncle?- once a week.A. How long B. How manyC. How o

12、ften( ) 15. Excuse me! is the nearest bookshop?D. WhereD. HowD. How soonGo down the street and turn left at the second corner?A. how B. what C. whereD. who( ) 16. is a ticker for the film Hacker He?About forty yuan .A. How old B. How manyC. How muchD. How often() 17. are you going? I 'm going to

13、 the library.A. WhoB. WhichC. WhatD. Where( )1 8. ? It' s eight.A. What day is itB. What ' s five and threeC. How old are youD. What ' s your telephone number( )1 9. shall we meet in the park?What about half past eight?Twice a year.A. How oftenB. How soonC. How longtimes提高题)1.I want to b

14、e a personYang Liwei.A. How, likeB. How, asC. What, likeD. What, asare you going to be in the future?)2.A. How longB. how oftenC. How soonD. How wide)3. sweater is this?I think it' s Peter ' s.A. WhoB. WhatC. WhichD. Whosewill your father be back? .)4.is the Confucian Temple(孔庙 ) from here?I

15、t ' s about 10 minuters' walk.)5.A. How many B. How longC. How muchD. How farmay I keep these book?two weeks.A. How oftenB. How farC. How longD. How soon)6. is it from here to Yancheng Railway Station?About two kilometers.( )7. will the foreign students be back from NanJing.In two days, I th

16、ink .A. How soon B. How often C. How far( )8. ?-The one behind the tree.D. Where' sA. Whose girl B. Who' st hat girl C. Which girlthe girl( )9. the population of china?A. How manyB. WhatC. How 'sD. What 's( )10. is she?A. WhomB. WhoC. WhichD. When( )11. is the best, Tom, Jack or Tim?

17、A. Which B. WhoC. Whom D.What( )12 . milk do you need?- Three cups.A. How many B. How much C. What D. Where( ) 13. ? I 'ev got a headache and a cough.A. What 's your trouble?B. What ' s wrong with it?C. Can I help you?D. How are you?( ) 14. tea did you have?Two cups.Behind the tree.A. Wh

18、ose girlB. Who 's that girl C. Which girlD. Where 's thegirl)1.the price of the pen?It ' s two yuan.A. WhatB. HowC. what ' sD. What 's)2. Whose room is this?A. HeB. himC. theirsD. they)3. Whereyou just now?A. wasB. areC. doD. were)4. WhoA. dance)5. How manyA. peoplesbest in his c

19、lass?B. dancingare there?B. people)6. Could you tell me, howA. goB. goesC. dancesC. sheepsto the bank?C. wentD is danceD. meatD. to go)7.A. Whatthe weather like?)8. How muchB. Howthe pen?C. How ' sD. What 's( )9. are you going to have dinner tonight?A. Who B. Where C. When( )10. do you go to

20、 Hong Kong?sorry , I ' ve never been there.D. How soonA. How long B. How oftenC. How far对划线部分提问1. My mother goes to work by bike. your mother to work?2. There are six kites in the sky. are there in the sky?3. Classes begin at eight. classes ?4. It's Sunday today. is it today?5. The cats are running up the tree. are the cats ?6. He would like five cakes. would he like?7. They play football every Friday. they play football?8. Allan will go back to England by plane next month.