机座水压机的液压系统设计【含CAD图纸和说明书】
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含CAD图纸和说明书
机座
水压机
液压
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CAD
图纸
说明书
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液压泵站也被称为站是独立的氢水利设备。 它要求逐步由石油。并控制液压油的流动方向，压力和流量，适用于大型机和杂交draulic装置分离的水力机械。 用户将购买后提供液压站和大量的执行机构（机油或油箱）与油管，液压机械，才能实现这些运动和工作周期。 液压泵站的安装，集成块或阀组合， T型anks ，组合电器盒。 功能部件： 泵装置-配有马达和泵，液压站是力量的源泉。以机械能到液压油的压力能。 多方面的-从液压阀体和渠道组装。正确的方向实施液压油，压力和流量控制。 阀组合-板阀是安装在电路板后，局康恩- ects具有相同功能的IC 。 油箱-板焊半封闭容器，还装载油类过滤网络，空气过滤器，用于石油，机油滤清器和冷却。 电气盒-在这两个模式。一套外部保险丝终端板;分布全方位的电气控制。 液压站的原则：电机驱动泵轮，其中泵吸油从油罐。以机械能到液压站的压力，液压油通过集成块（或阀组合）实现了方向，压力，调整后流通管道和外部缸液压机械或机油，以控制方向的动机流体转变部队的规模和速度的步伐，促进各代理油压机械。 一个发展过程 我国液压（包括液压，下同） ，气动和密封工业发展进程大致可分为三个阶段，即： 20 20世纪50年代初至60年代初期，最初阶段， 60年代和70个专业化生产系统; 80 90的成长阶段的快速发展阶段。其中，液压行业在20世纪50年代初从机床行业生产假冒苏磨床，拉床，复制车床及其他液压传动开始，液压元件的工厂液压车间，自住。进入20世纪60年代，液压技术的应用从机床逐渐推广到农业机械和机械工程领域，重视原始速度的液压车间一些突出的液压件专业生产。到上世纪60年代末， 70年代初，随着机械化生产的发展，特别是在第二汽车厂提供高效率，自动化设备，以及液压元件制造业经历了快速发展的形势下，一批中小企业已成为专业液压配件厂。 1968年我国年产液压元件有近20万在1973年，机床，农业机械，机械工程行业，生产液压配件厂是专业发展的100多个和年产超过100万。一个独立的液压制造业已初具规模。然后，液压件假冒产品从苏联引进的产品开发和技术相结合的产品设计的压力，高血压和发展的电液伺服阀及系统，液压应用领域进一步扩大。气动比开始的工业液压年后，于1967年开始建立气动元件专业厂，气动元件只能作为商品生产和销售。密封橡胶和塑料制品，机械密封和密封柔性石墨密封行业， 20世纪50年代初从生产普通O型环。橡胶和塑料挤出，如油封密封和密封石棉产品开始到60年代初期，开始生产机械密封和柔性石墨密封制品。 20世纪70年代，焚烧前部，一个部，该部的农业机械化系统，一批专业生产厂已经成立，并正式成立工业密封工业发展奠定了基础，促进经济发展。 20世纪80年代以来，在国家的改革开放政策的指导方针，以发展机械行业，基于大型机件背后的冲突日益突出，并引起有关部门。为此，该部原来在1982年，形成共同的基础件产业，将分散在原机床，农业机械，机械工程行业的集中液压，气动和密封件专业厂，对其进行共同基础件局管理，使该行业在规划，投资，技术和科学的研究和发展领域，如基础设施件局的指导和支持。从那时起进入了一个阶段的快速发展，引进了60多个项目的国外先进技术，其中包括40多个项目的液压，气动7 。经过消化吸收和改造，现在有大量生产，和业界领先的产品。近年来，该行业增加技术改造的努力，于1991年，当地企业和自筹资金共投入约20亿元人民币，其中超过16.00亿元液压。通过技术改造和技术研究，以及一些大型企业，以进一步提高技术水平，技术和设备将大大改善。为了形成一个更高的起点上，专业化生产和运行奠定了良好的基础。近年来，许多国家发展的共同拥有的指导方针，根据不同所有制的中小企业迅速崛起显示出强大的生命力。而进一步开放市场，三资企业迅速发展的行业标准，为改善和扩大出口方面发挥重要作用。今天，我国已和美国，日本，德国和其他国家的著名厂商合资或全资拥有的外国制造商建立一个活塞泵/马达，行星减速机，舵机，液压控制阀，液压系统，静液压传动，液压铸造。气动控制阀，气缸，气体处理三联件，机械密封，橡胶和密封产品50多个生产企业，吸引外国投资超过200亿美元。 其次，目前的局势 （ 1 ）基本概况 经过40年的努力，我国液压，气动和密封工业已形成了一个比较完整的类别。一定水平的技术能力和产业体系。根据1995年第三次全国工业普查统计，液压，气动密封件工业370,000和年销售收入100万元，国有企业，村办，私营和合作企业，个人， “三资”企业共更多超过1300名，其中约700液压，气动密封件和大约300万人。到1996年的国际贸易统计，国内生产总值我国工业液压二十三万四千八百点零零零万元，占世界60 ;气动工业产值49100万元，占世界排名第10 。 （ 2 ）目前的供应和需求概况 通过引进技术，自主开发和技术创新，高压柱塞泵，齿轮泵，叶片泵，通用液压阀，坦克，非润滑气动件和各类密封的第一大技术产品的显着增加。稳定的大规模生产，可为各种主机产品提供了一定程度的保证。此外，液压和气动元件的CAD系统，污染控制，比例伺服技术取得了一些成就，并已用于生产。目前，液压，气动和密封件产品总计约3000种，超过23,000规格。其中，有1200液压品种，一万多规格（包括液压产品60个品种500个规格） ;气动有1350种， 8000多规格;橡胶密封件350种5000多个规格已基本满足不同类型的主机产品的一般需要，成套设备为主要品种的匹配率为60 以上，并开始少量出口。 1998年国产液压件产量480万美元。销售收入约28亿美元（其中约70 的机械系统） ;气动件产量360万美元。销售收入约5.5亿美元（其中约60 的机械系统） ;密封产量约800万美元。销售收入约10亿美元（其中约50 的机械系统） 。据中国液压气动密封件工业协会1998年年度报告，液压产品销售率为97 . 5 （ 101 液压） ，气动95.9 ， 98.7 密封。这充分反映市场的基本趋同。 我国液压，气动和密封工业已经达到了很大的进展，但与主机发展的需要，和世界先进水平，但仍存在许多差距，主要反映在产品品种，性能和可靠性，等等。液压产品为例，国外产品的三分之一，一半生活在国外。为了满足关键主机和大型机进口的主要技术和设备的需要，每年大量的液压，气动和密封产品进口。据海关统计和分析数据，在1998年液压，气动和密封件的进口约200亿美元，其中液压约1.4亿美元，气动近零3000美元，密封约30000美元。相比略有下降， 1997年。的款项，目前进口产品的国内市场份额的30 左右。 1998年件的国内市场需求总的液压约6万美元，销售总额近40亿美元;气动件需求总量约500万，销售额超过700万元;海豹总需求约为11亿美元。总销售额约13亿美元。 第三，发展趋势，未来 1 ，影响发展的主要因素 （ 1 ）产品开发能力和技术发展水平和速度不能完全满足先进主机产品，主要设备和技术进口设备和维护支持; （ 2 ）一些企业生产技术，装备水平和管理水平相对落后，加上强烈的质量，导致低水平的产品性能，质量，可靠性差服务及时，缺乏用户满意和信任的品牌产品; （ 3 ）行业的专业化生产低，力量分散，低重复严重，地区和企业之间的融合产品，盲目地相互竞争，压低价格，减少了企业效益，缺乏资金，周转困难，产品开发和技术改造是不够的，并严重制约了行业的整体水平提高的竞争和增加强度; （ 4 ）国内市场国际化程度的提高，外国公司进入中国市场并参与竞争的国内私营部门和合作企业，个人，外商投资企业，如增加对国有企业由于不断增长的影响。 2 ，发展趋势 随着社会主义市场经济的不断深化，液压，气动和密封产品在市场的供应和需求，并有一个更大的变化，很久以前的“短缺”的卖方市场已基本成为一个“结构性过剩”的特点买方市场。整体能力，已经在供应过剩的局面，特别是水平普遍较低液压，气动和密封件，一般供过于求;和东道国的迫切高科技高参数，高附加值的高端产品，而且他们这样做不能满足市场的需求，只有依赖进口。我国加入WTO ，其影响可能会更大。因此， “十五”期间的增长，工业产值，决不能依赖于量的增长和行业应解决结构性问题的自己，加大调整产业结构和产品结构，是我们应该依靠提高质量，促进技术升级，产品以满足市场需求和刺激，寻求更大的发展。Hydraulic Station and the development of hydraulic components Profiles Hydraulic Pump Station also known as the stations are independent h- ydraulic device. It requested by the oil gradually. And controlling the hydraulic oil flow direction, pressure and flow rate, applied to the mainframe and hy- draulic devices separability of hydraulic machinery. Users will be provided after the purchase hydraulic station and host of implementing agencies (motor oil or fuel tanks) connected with tubing, Hydraulic machinery can be realized from these movements and the work cycle. Hydraulic pump station is installed, Manifold or valve combination, t- anks, a combination of electrical boxes. Functional components : Pump device - is equipped with motors and pumps, hydraulic station is the source of power. to mechanical energy into hydraulic oil pressure can be. Manifold - from hydraulic valve body and channel assembled. Right direction for implementation of hydraulic oil, pressure and flow control. Valve portfolio - plate valve is installed in up board after board conn- ects with the same functional IC. Tank - plate welding semi-closed containers, also loaded with oil filtering network, air filters, used oil, oil filters and cooling. Electrical boxes - at the two patterns. A set of external fuse terminal plate; distribution of a full range of electrical control. Hydraulic Station principle : motor driven pump rotation, which pump oil absorption from the oil tank. to mechanical energy into hydraulic pressure to the station, hydraulic oil through Manifold (or valve combinations) realized the direction, pressure, After adjusting flow pipe and external to the cylinder hydraulic machinery or motor oil, so as to control the direction of the motive fluid transformation force the size and speed the pace of promoting the various acting hydraulic machinery. A development course China Hydraulic (including hydraulic, the same below), pneumatic and seals industrial development process can be broadly divided into three phases, namely : 20 early 1950s to the early 1960s, the initial stage; 60s and 70 for specialized production system ;8090s growth stage for the rapid development stage. Which, hydraulic industry in the early 1950s from the machine tool industry production of fake Su-grinder, broaching machine, copying lathe, and other hydraulic drive started, Hydraulic Components from the plant hydraulic machine shop, self-occupied. After entering the 1960s, the application of hydraulic technology from the machine gradually extended to the agricultural machinery and mechanical engineering fields, attached to the original velocity of hydraulic shop some stand out as pieces of hydraulic professional production. To the late 1960s, early 1970s, with the development of mechanized production, especially in the second automobile factory in providing efficient, automated equipment, along with the Hydraulic Components manufacturing has experienced rapid development of the situation, a group of SMEs have become professional hydraulic parts factory. 1968 Chinas annual output of hydraulic components have nearly 200,000 in 1973, machine tools, agricultural machinery, mechanical engineering industries, the production of hydraulic parts factory has been the professional development of more than 100 and an annual output more than one million. an independent hydraulic manufacturing industry has begun to take shape. Then, hydraulic pieces of fake products from the Soviet Union for the introduction of the product development and technical design combining the products to the pressure, Hypertension, and the development of the electro-hydraulic servo valves and systems, hydraulic application areas further expanded. Aerodynamic than the start of the industrial hydraulic years later, in 1967 began to establish professional pneumatic components factory, Pneumatic Components only as commodity production and sales. Sealed with rubber and plastics, mechanical seals and sealing flexible graphite sealing industry, the early 1950s from the production ordinary O-rings. rubber and plastics extrusion, such as oil seal sealing and seal asbestos products start to the early 1960s, begun production of mechanical seals and flexible graphite sealing products. 1970s, the burning of the former Ministry, a Ministry, the Ministry of Agricultural Mechanization System, a group of professional production plants have been established, and the official establishment of industries to seal industrial development has laid the foundation for growth. Since the 1980s, in the countrys reform and opening up policy guidelines, with the development of the machinery industry, based mainframe pieces behind the conflicts have become increasingly prominent and attracted the attention of the relevant departments. To this end, the Ministry of the original one in 1982, formed the basis of common pieces of Industry, will be scattered in the original machine tools, agricultural machinery, mechanical engineering industries centralized hydraulic, pneumatic and seals specialized factories, placing them under common management infrastructure pieces Bureau, so that the industry in the planning, investment, technology and scientific research and development in areas such as infrastructure pieces Bureau of guidance and support. Since then entered a phase of rapid development, has introduced more than 60 items of advanced technology from abroad, including more than 40 items of hydraulic, pneumatic 7. After digestion and absorption and transformation, now have mass production, and industry-leading products. In recent years, the industry increased the technological transformation efforts, in 1991, Local enterprises and the self-financing total input of about 20 billion yuan, of which more than 1.6 billion yuan Hydraulic. Through technological transformation and technology research, and a number of major enterprises to further improve the level of technology, technique and equipment to be greatly improved. In order to form a higher starting point, specialization, and run production has laid a good foundation. In recent years, many countries in the development of common ownership guidelines, under different ownership SMEs rapid rise showing great vitality. With the further opening up, three-funded enterprises rapid development of industry standards for improving and expanding exports play an important role. Today, China has and the United States, Japan, Germany and other countries famous manufacturers joint ventures or wholly-owned by foreign manufacturers to establish a piston pump / motor, planetary reduction gears, steering gear, hydraulic control valve, hydraulic system, hydrostatic transmission, hydraulic Casting. pneumatic control valve, cylinder, gas processing triple pieces, mechanical seals, rubber and seal products more than 50 production enterprises, attracting foreign investment over 200 million U.S. dollars. Second, the current situation (1) Basic Profiles After 40 years of efforts, China hydraulic, pneumatic and sealing industry has formed a relatively complete categories. a certain level of technical capacity and the industrial system. According to the 1995 Third National Industrial Census statistics, hydraulic, Pneumatic seals and industrial 370,000 annual sales income of 100 million yuan in state-owned, village-run, private and cooperative enterprises, individual, three capital enterprises with a total of more than 1,300, of which about 700 hydraulic, Pneumatic seals and the approximately 300 thousand. By 1996 with the international trade statistics, the total output value of Chinas industry hydraulic 2.348 billion yuan, accounting for the worlds 6; Pneumatic industry output 419 million yuan, accounting for world No. 10. (2) the current supply and demand profiles Through the introduction of technology, independent development and technological innovation, and high-pressure piston pump, gear pumps, vane pump, General Motors hydraulic valves, tanks, Non-lubricated aerodynamic pieces and various seals of the first large technology products has increased noticeably. stability of the mass production may, for various mainframe products provide a level of assurance. In addition, hydraulic and pneumatic components of the CAD system, pollution control, proportional servo technology has scored some achievements, and is already in production. Currently, hydraulic, pneumatic and seals products total about 3,000 species, more than 23,000 specifications. Among them, there are 1,200 hydraulic varieties, more than 10,000 specifications (including hydraulic products 60 varieties 500 specifications); Pneumatic are 1,350 varieties, more than 8,000 specifications; Rubber seal 350 species more than 5,000 specifications have been basically cater to the different types of mainframe products to the general needs, complete sets of equipment for major varieties of matching rate was over 60%, and started a small amount of exports. 1998 pieces of homemade hydraulic output 4.8 million. sales of about 28 billion (of which about 70% mechanical systems); aerodynamic pieces yield 3.6 million. sales of about 5.5 billion (of which about 60% of mechanical systems); Seals output of about 800 million. sales of about 10 billion (of which about 50% mechanical systems). According to the China Hydraulic Pneumatic Seals Industry Association 1998 annual report, hydraulic product sales rate of 97. 5% (101% for hydraulic), pneumatic 95.9%, 98.7% sealed. This fully reflects the basic marketing convergence. My hydraulic, pneumatic and sealing industry has attained a great deal of progress, but with mainframe development needs, and the worlds advanced level, there are still many gaps, mainly reflected in the product variety, performance and reliability, and so on. Hydraulic products as an example, products abroad only one-third, life for half abroad. In order to meet key mainframe, and mainframe imports of major technology and equipment needs, every year a large number of hydraulic, pneumatic and sealing products imports. According to customs statistics and the analysis of data, in 1998 hydraulic, pneumatic and seals in the import about 200 million U.S. dollars, Hydraulic which about 1.4 billion dollars, aerodynamic nearly 030 million U.S. dollars, sealed about 030 million U.S. dollars. compared with a slight decline in 1997. By sums, currently imported products on the domestic market share of about 30%. 1998 pieces of the domestic market demand for hydraulic total of about six million, the total sales of nearly 40 billion; aerodynamic pieces of the total demand of about 5 million, with sales more than 700 million yuan; Seals total demand of about 1.1 billion. total sales of about 1.3 billion. Third, the development trend of the future 1, affect the development of the main factors (1) product development ability, and the level of technological development and speed can not completely meet the advanced mainframe products, major equipment and technology imported equipment and maintenance support; (2) the number of enterprises manufacturing technology, the level of equipment and management standards are comparatively backward, coupled with a strong sense of quality, resulting in low levels of product performance, quality, Reliability poor services in a timely manner, lack of user satisfaction and trust of the brand-name products; (3) industry specialization of production low, scattered strength, low repeat serious, between regions and enterprises of convergence products, blindly compete with each other, driving down prices, the decline of enterprise returns, lack of funds, liquidity difficulties, product development and technological transformation is inadequate and seriously restricted the industry to improve the overall level of competition and the increase of strength; (4) The internationalization of the domestic market and the increasing degree of foreign companies have entered the Chinese market and participate in competition with the domestic private and cooperative enterprises, individuals, foreign-funded enterprises, such as the rise of state-owned enterprises due to the growing impact. 2, the development trend As the socialist market economy continues to deepen, hydraulic, pneumatic and sealing products in the marke
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