2022年There-be句型讲义

1、there be句型基本用法（存在句型）初一就开始接触和学习there be 句型，初中三年，一直在和there be 句型打交道，它贯穿在很多语法学习中，常考的有there be 的各种时态、主谓一致以及反义疑问句。1. 基本句型：there be 句型最基本的用法是用来表示某地有某物, 表示一种存在。（从前有座山，山里有座庙）be 动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化肯定式：there + (助动词或情态动词 ) + be + 主语 + 地点(时间)状语例：there is a picture of her family on the wall. there are five lamps i

2、n the room. there are forty students in our class this year.there must be lots of flowers in her garden in the coming spring. 否定式：there be not (any, much) + 主语+地点否定形式只要在be动词后面加 not 即可，但要注意的是句中的some改成 any. there isnt any money left in my pocket.there aren t many books in the library of our school.the

3、re is not much water in my cup. would you fill it up? 注意notany=noi havent any money.(=i have no money.) do you have any? 我一分钱都没有了，你有 (钱吗)? there isnt any water in the bottle.= there is no water in the bottle. 一般疑问句：be + there + (any) + 主语? 肯定回答为： yes, there is 或者 yes, there are. 否定回答为 : no, there is

4、nt 或者 no, there arent例: are there any pictures on the wall in your room? is there a lamp on your table? is there anything i can do for you? 特殊疑问句 ：疑问词 (+名词) + be + there + 状语? 例: how many months are there in a year? what s there in your pocket?when will there be real friendship between us? 反意疑问句：反意疑

5、问句应与 there be对应，而不是依据句子主语。例: there is a red book on your desk, isnt there?there isnt anyone in the classroom, is there? 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -进 阶 语 法there be句型注意事项1、there be 句型

6、表示：在某地有某物 (或人) 2、在 there be 句型中，主语是单数， be 动词用 is ; 主语是复数， be 动词用 are ; 如有几件物品， be 动词根据最 *近 be 动词的那个名词决定。3、there be 句型的否定句在 be 动词后加 not , 一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首。4、there be句型与 have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物 (或人); have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。5、some 和 any 在 there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。6、and 和 or 在 there

7、be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句，or 用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：how many + 名词复数+ are there + 介词短语 ? how much + 不可数名词+ is there + 介词短语 ? 8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：whats + 介词短语 ? 9、there be 句型的反义疑问句：反意疑问句应与 there be对应，而不是依据句子主语10、 there be 句型的时态there_ a football game this afternoon. a. will have b. is going to be c.

8、has d. will is 1、there be句式中动词 be 的变体有时可将 there be中的动词 be 换为 live， remain， seem ， appear ， exist， stand， lie， come 等： there _ lots of work to doa have b remain c hasd remains there seems appears something the matter with her. 她好像是出了什么事似的。there existed different opinions on this problem. 对这个问题曾有不同看法。

9、there remained just twenty-eight pounds. 只剩 28 英镑了。at the top of the hill there stands an old temple. 在小山顶上有一座古庙。精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -2. there be句型应该注意的一些问题解析：就近一致。there be 句型

10、中的 be动词用单数或是复数应该遵循就近原则，即be动词与距离其后最近的名词数保持一致。例: there is a teacher and many students on the playground. there are many students and a teacher on the playground. 如上面的两句话 , 第一句话距离 there be 最近的是 a teacher, 因此 be 动词要用单数形式 ; 而第二句话中距离 there be 最近的是复数形式的many students, 因此我们相应地用be 动词的复数形式 are。再如: there is a b

11、lue pen, two red pencils and three black ball pens there. there are two red pencils, three black ball pens and a blue pen there. 练习： 1. there _ an i-pad and some books in my backpack now. a. are b. was c. is d. were 2. there _ some paper and two pens on the deskais bare chavedhasthere be 与 have : 均可

12、表示 “ 有” 的意思there be 表示“ 在某处有 ” ，表示 “ 存在” ；there is going to be a concert this evening. have却表示 “ 某人/某物有 ” ，表示 “ 拥有” 。we have nothing to do this evening. there be 可以用各种时态。there was a meeting yesterday. there will be an english test tomorrow. there hasnt been any snow in this area for years. there use

13、d to be a river in my village before the war started. there be 的变体there be句式中动词 be的变体有时可将 there be中的动词 be 换为 live， remain， seem ， appear ， exist， stand， lie， come 等：once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of joe beef. 从前有个人名叫乔 比夫。there seems appears something the matter with her. 她好像是出了

14、什么事似的。there existed different opinions on this problem. 对这个问题曾有不同看法。there remained just twenty-eight pounds. 只剩 28 英镑了。at the top of the hill there stands an old temple. 在小山顶上有一座古庙。there be 结构的用法there be 句型有特点 ,主语放在 be 后边, 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -多个主语并列时 , be 随最近主语变。变疑问很简单 , 把 be 提到 there 前。变否定也不难 , be 的后面 not 添。肯定句中用 some, 疑问、否定 any 换。介词短语表地点 , 有表存在 记心间。there be 在主语前 , have