模具的CAD-CAE-CAM技术外文文献翻译、中英文翻译

1、外文资料与中文翻译外文资料： Mold CAD/CAE/CAM technologyIntroductionMold CAD/CAE/CAM is transforms the traditional mold production method the essential technology, is a high tech, the high benefit systems engineering. It take the computer software form, provides one kind of effective auxiliary means as the enterp

2、rise, causes the engineers and technicians with the aid of in the computer to the product performance, the mold structure, the formed craft, the numerical control processing and the production management carries on the design and the optimization. Mold CAD/CAE/The CAM technology can remarkably reduc

3、e the mold design and the manufacture cycle, reduces the production cost and improves the product quality to become the mold mutual recognition.Is same with any newly emerging things, mold CAD/CAE/CAM experienced in the nearly 20 years from to has been simply complex, from experiment site to popular

4、 process Since has entered this century, mold CAD/CAE/The CAM technological development speed quicker, the application scope is broader, in order to enable the general molds worker further to deepen to this technical understanding, better display mold CAD/CAE/The CAM function, this article applies i

5、n view of the mold in most widespread, most has the representative casting mold, the forging die and the level enters the mold CAD/CAE/The CAM development condition and the tendency make the concise introduction and the analysis.Casting mold CAD/CAE/CAM development surveyThe casting forming process

6、simulation work begins in solves the casting the temperature field distribution In 1962 Denmark's Fursund has carried on the solidification process heat transfer computation for the first time with the finite difference method to the two-dimensional shape casting, in 1965 US General Motors Henze

7、l and so on has carried on the temperature field simulation to the steam turbine casting success, from this time on casting in mold cavity heat transfer process numerical analysis technology in world scope rapid development. From on century 70*s to the 80s, US, England, France, Japan, Denmark and so

8、 on one after another has yielded the remarkable result in the casting coagulation simulator study and the application, and promotes one batch of commercialized simulations software one after another. After enters for the 90£ our countr/s institutions of higher learning, like Qinghua University

9、 and the Central China scientific and technical university has also obtained the achievement in this domain which focuses attention on.The pure heat transfer process simulation cannot accurately calculate the flaw which the casting in the temperature change and the forecast casting possibly produces

10、, the sufficient mold process to in the casting initial temperature field distribution influence as well as the solidification process liquid metal flowing the influence which forms to the defect casting all is noticeable The casting sufficient mold process simulation technology begins in the centur

11、y for 80's, it take calculates the hydromechanics the theory and the method as the foundation, experiences ten years, starts from the two-dimensional simple shape, deepens and the expansion gradually, already succeeded has realized the three dimensional complex shape casting sufficient mold proc

12、ess simulation, and could flow with the heat transfer process coupling At present overseas had one batch of commercialized the three dimensional casting process simulation softwares, like Japan's SOLIDIA, England s SOLSTAR, France's SIMULOR, Swedens NOVACAST, Germanys MAGMA and US*S AFSOLID,

13、 PROCAST and so on. The home also has Qinghua University star of, Central China scientific and technical university's the casting China casts CAE and so on. These casting mold CAE softwares have covered the cast steel, the cast iron, the cast-aluminium and the cast copper and so on each kind of

14、casting, as is big as several hundred tons, slightly to several kilograms, regardless of is and shrinks the pine in the elimination shrink hole, in the optimized pouring rising head design, aspect and so on improvement dross entrapped slag has all played the remarkable role.Is following the CAE tech

15、nology in the casting domain success application, the casting craft and the mold structure CAD research and the application in unceasingly is also thorough, overseas has promoted some application software one after another, like American casting association's AFS-SOFTWARE, may use in the cast st

16、eel and casts the iron stock the pouring rising head design, English FOSECO Corporation s FEEDERCALK software, may calculate the steel casting the pouring rising head size and a choice heat preservation rising head set of type Our country Central China scientific and technical university and Qinghua

17、 University has also done many work in the casting craft and the mold structure CAD aspect, like Qinghua University develops the THFSCAD software, mainly and the vector and the casting craft CAD two parts is composed by the graph scanning. The preceding part to scans the input the graph to carry on

18、disappears the blue decontamination and the vector, the latter part uses for to establish the parametrization graph, to calculate the casting the processing remainder, the plan craft card and so on. THFSCAD is develops in the two dimensional plot geometry foundation, used the AUTOCAD software for to

19、 develop the platform Along with the CAD technology fast progress, the three dimensional CAD system can substitute for the two-dimensional CAD system in the casting realm of production but to become the mainstream design system gradually.Forging die CAD/CAE/CAM development surveySince on century 70&

20、#176;s, domestic and foreign many academic organizations and company to forging die CAD/CAE/The CAM technology has conducted extensive research, in the forging technological process design, the forging die stnjctural design and the metal flowed aspect and so on simulation has obtained the remarkable

21、 result.The axial symmetry forging approximately composes about forging total 30%, in addition axial symmetry forging geometry shape simple, is easy to describe and the definition, therefore development forging die CAD/ When CAM system the domestic and foreign majority organizations and the human al

22、l are obtain from the axial symmetry forging die. Axial symmetry forging die CAD/ CAM system main constituent including forging design, drop forging technological design, forging die structural design and NC programming. The forging design refers is designs the cold forging chart and the hot forging

23、 chart, divides the modular surface, the supplement machining remainder, the increase fillet including the choice and pulls out the mold ascent and so on. The drop forging technological design decided whether uses the preliminary shaping working procedure, how uses the preliminary shaping working pr

24、ocedure as well as how chooses the forging and stamping equipment the tonnageAnother kind of widespread application forging is the major axis class forging, its formed working procedure design and the mold stiuctural design are far more complex than the axial symmetry forging die, therefore developm

25、ent major axis class forging die CAD/The CAM system difficulty bigger, the versatility is also low, at present in many general commercialized CAD/On the CAM software two time develops major axis class forging die CAD/The CAM system only is restricted in the specific product and the specific situatio

26、n applicationAnother kind of widespread application forging is the major axis class forging, its formed working procedure design and the mold stmctural design are far more complex than the axial symmetry forging die, therefore development major axis class forging die CAD/The CAM system difficulty bi

27、gger, the versatility is also low, at present in many general commercialized CAD/On the CAM software two time develops major axis class forging die CAD/The CAM system only is restricted in the specific product and the specific situation applicationIn the CAE technology aspect, the finite element met

28、hod always is the analysis and the research metal forging forming main numerical analysis method, for many years has yielded many gradual result In 1973 Lee and Kobayashi derived just the plastic finite element Lagrange algorithm by the matrix analytic method, the success has analyzed the forging fo

29、rming process In 1974 Zienkiewicz proposed just the visco-plasticity finite element punished the function method, analyzed the rolling, has extruded and draws and so on the formed craft In 1982 Mori and Osakada proposed just in the plastic finite element material might the compression method and use

30、s in the rolling and the extrusionOn the century at the beginning of 80's, Oh and Altan had just conducted the thorough research with large-scale plastic finite element analysis software ALPID to each kind of plastic deformation question. After 90's, overseas some commercialized specialized

31、finite element analysis softwares, like France's FORGE2, US'S DEFORM, ABAQUS, MSC/AutoForge and so on, all successfully has applied in the forging domain. These softwares not only may forecast the forging forms entire process, moreover may the quota produce with the distortion related each k

32、ind of physical quantity, like the displacement, the speed, the stress, the strain and the load and so on, for obtained the most superior mold design, the most reasonable craft plan and the least experimental molds time has provided the technical guaranteeThe level enters mold CAD/CAE/CAM developmen

33、t surveyThe overseas level enters mold CAD/CAE/The CAM research begins in the century at the end of for 60's, the 70s then have the preliminary application, but only are restricted in the two-dimensional graph the simple blanking level to enter the mold, its main function like strip material row

34、 of type, concave mold arrangement, process design and NC programming and so on. The curving level enters mold CAD/The CAM system appears in the 80*s, like Japanese Hitachi Corporation and the Fujitsu Corporation curving level enters the mold system and so on. In order to can adapt the complex mold

35、design, the Fujitsu system has used the method which the automatic design and designs alternately unifies, launches, the curving snapping back computation and a labor step of arrangement in this system except the semifinished materials for the automatic reduction outside, other need to design person

36、nefs participation Applies the three dimensional geometry modelling technology the level to enter the mold system to begin in at the end of for the 80's, like American Auto-trol Corporation's Die-Design system, this system uses the three dimensional geometry model to describe the plate work

37、components, and applies the three dimensional graph technology in the mold structural design, demonstrates the three dimensional graph software in mold design vital role.Enters for the 90*s, international famous commercialized three dimensional CAD/CAM system, like US*S Pro/E, UG-II, CADD5, Solidwor

38、ks, MDT and so on one after another obtain the application in the mold. American PTC Corporation based on Pro/The E system has developed plate work components modelling module Pro/Sheet Metal. UG Solution Corporation has developed similar module UG/ in the UG-II foundationSheet Metal. Above two syst

39、ems all lack face the level enter the formed craft and the mold stiuctural design special-purpose module, but this aspect work progress is very quick, some already won initial successLike American Computer Design Corporation develops the level enters mold software Striker Systems is sales volume big

40、 commercialization CAD/The CAM system, including the plate work components modelling (SS-DESIGN), the semifinished materials launches (SS-UNFOLD), a semifinished materials row of type (SS-STRIP DESIGN), mold design (SS-DIE DESIGN) and numerical control processing (SS-WIRE. SS-PROFILE) and so on modu

41、le This system support plate work components characteristic modelling, although had certain automated designs the function, but its design process still by alternately operates primarily, only is suitable at present in the curving blanking level enters the mold the design.At the beginning of this ce

42、ntury, American UGS Corporation and our country Central China scientific and technical university cooperation (presently is NX) in the software platform develops in UG-II enters mold CAD/ based on the three dimensional geometry model levelCAM software NX-PDW. This software including the project init

43、ialization, the craft pre- definition, the semifinished materials launches, a semifinished materials row of type, the waste material design, strip module and so on material row of type, pressure calculation and mold structural design Hjs the trick recognition and the heavy construction, the entire t

44、hree dimensional structure connection and so on the remarkable characteristic, has taken the commercialized product investment cfield in 2003. Our countiy starts from on century 90s, the Central China scientific and technical university, Shanghai Jiaotong University, the Xian Jiaotong University and

45、 the Beijing mechanical and electrical research institute and so on developed the level to enter mold CAD/ one after anotherCAM system research and development. Like the Central China scientific and technical university mold technology country key laboratory develops in the AutoCAD software platform

46、 enters mold CAD/ based on the characteristic levelCAM system HMJC, including the plate work components characteristic modelling, based on the characteristic ramming technological design, the mold structural design, the standard letter and the modular design constiucts the storehouse tool and the li

47、ne cuts automatically programs five modules Shanghai Jiaotong University fine holds (Finetool) for Swiss Fyan to flush the company to develop the successful precise blanking level to enter mold CAD/CAM system The Xian Jiaotong University develops the multi- locations cui-ving level to enter the mold

48、 CAD system and so on.附录F： 外文译文模具的CAD/CAE/CAM技术引言模具CAD/CAE/CAM是改造传统模具生产方式的关键技术，是一项高科技、 高效益的系统工程。它以计算机软件的形式，为企业提供一种有效的辅助匸具， 使工程技术人员借助于计算机对产品性能、模具结构、成形工艺、数控加工及生 产管理进行设计和优化。模具CAD/CAE/CAM技术能显著缩短模具设计与制造 周期、降低生产成本和提高产品质量已成为模具界的共识。与任何新生事物一样，模具CAD/CAE/CAM在近二十年中经历了从简单到复 杂，从试点到普及的过程。进入本世纪以来，模具CAD/CAE/CAM技术发展速

49、度更 快、应用范围更广，为了使广大模具工作者能进一步加深对该技术的认识，更好 发挥模具CAD/CAE/CAM的作用，本文针对模具中应用最广泛、最具有代表性的铸 造模、锻模和级进模CAD./CAE/CAM的发展状况和趋势作概括性的介绍和分析。 铸造模CAD/CAE/CAM的发展概况铸造成形过程模拟的工作始于求解铸件的温度场分布。1962年丹麦的 Fursund用有限差分法首次对二维形状的铸件进行了凝固过程的传热计算，1963 年美国通用汽车公司Henzel等对汽轮机铸件成功进行了温度场模拟，从此铸件 在模具型腔内的传热过程数值分析技术在全世界范围内迅速开展。从上世纪70 年代到80年代，美国、英

50、国、法国、日本、丹麦等相继在铸件凝固模拟研究和 应用上取得了显著成果，并陆续推出一批商品化模拟软件。进入90年代后，我 国的高等院校，如清华大学和华中科技大学在该领域也取得了瞩LI的成就。单纯的传热过程模拟并不能准确计算出铸件的温度变化和预测铸造中可能 产生的缺陷，充模过程对铸件初始温度场分布的影响以及凝固过程中液态金属的 流动对铸件缺陷形成的影响都是不可忽视的。铸件充模过程的模拟技术始于上世 纪80年代，它以计算流体力学的理论和方法为基础，经历十余载，从二维简单 形状开始，逐步深化和扩展，现已成功实现了三维复杂形状铸件的充模过程模拟, 并能将流动和传热过程相耦合。U前国外已有一批商品化的三维

51、铸造过程模拟软 件，如日本的S0LIDIA、英国的S0LSTAR、法国的SIMUL0R、瑞典的NOVACAST> 德国的MAGMA和美国的AFSOLID. PROCAST等。国内也有清华大学的铸造之星、 华中科技大学的华铸CAE等。这些铸造模CAE软件已覆盖铸钢、铸铁、铸铝和铸 铜等各类铸件，大到数白吨，小至儿千克，无论是在消除缩孔和缩松，还是在优 化浇冒口设计，改进浮渣夹渣等方面都发挥了显著的作用。伴随着CAE技术在铸造领域的成功应用，铸造工艺及模具结构CAD的研究和应用 也在不断深入，国外已陆续推出了一些应用软件，如美国铸造协会的 AFS-SOFTWARE ,可用于铸钢和铸铁件的浇冒

52、口设计，英国FOSECO公司的 FEEDERCALK软件，可以计算铸钢件的浇冒口尺寸和选择保温冒口套的类型。我 国华中科技大学和清华大学在铸造工艺及模具结构CAD方面也做了许多工作，如 清华大学开发的THFSCAD软件，主要山图形扫描及矢量化和铸造丄艺CAD两部分 组成。前一部分对扫描输入的图形进行消蓝去污和矢量化，后一部分用来建立参 数化图形、计算铸件的加工余量、绘制工艺卡等。THFSCAD是在二维图形学的基 础上开发的，采用了 AUTOCAD软件为开发平台。随着CAD技术的快速进步，三维 CAD系统在铸造生产领域会逐步取代二维CAD系统而成为主流设计系统。锻模CAD/CAE/CAM的发展概

53、况自上世纪70年代以来，国内外许多学术机构和公司对锻模CAD/CAE/CAM技 术进行了广泛的研究，在锻造工艺过程设计、锻模结构设计和金属流动模拟等方 面均取得了显著的成绩。轴对称锻件约占锻件总数的30%左右，加上轴对称锻件儿何形状简单，易于 描述和定义，所以开发锻模CAD/ CAM系统时国内外大多数机构和人都是从轴对 称锻模入手。轴对称锻模CAD/ CAM系统的主要组成部分包括锻件设计、模锻工 艺设计、锻模结构设讣和NC编程。锻件设计指的是设讣冷锻件图和热锻件图， 包括选择分模面、补充机加工余量、添加圆角和拔模斜度等。模锻工艺设计决定 是否采用预成形工序、怎样采用预成形工序以及如何选择锻压设

54、备的吨位。另一类广泛应用的锻件是长轴类锻件，其成形工序设计和模具结构设计远比 轴对称锻模复杂，因此开发长轴类锻模的CAD/CAM系统的难度更大、通用性也低, 口前在许多通用商品化CAD/CAH软件上二次开发的长轴类锻模的CAD/CAM系统仅 限于特定产品和特定场合的应用。锻模CAD/ CAM系统的发展方向是成组技术和模具标准化技术的进一步贯彻 执行以及CAE技术和人工智能技术的深入应用。在CAE技术方面，有限元法一直是分析和研究金属锻造成形的主要数值分析 方法，多年来已取得不少阶段性的成果。1973年Lee和Kobayashi以矩阵分析 法导出了刚塑性有限元的Lagrange算法，成功分析了锻造成形过程。1974年 Zienkiewicz提出了刚粘塑性有限元的罚函数法