2022年初中定语从句讲解练习及答案

1、学习必备欢迎下载定语从句讲解及练习一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一 名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句；定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用 的 表示；主要由形容词担任，此外，名词 ， 代词， 数词 ， 分词 ， 副词 ，不定式以及 介词短语 也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任；单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语；短语和从句作定语时就放在所修饰的词之后， 作后置定语；定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后；如： 1 the manwho lives next to

2、 usis a policeman.2 you must do everything that i do.上面两句中的 man 和 everything 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面；引导定语从句的词有 关系代词 that, which, who宾格 who, 全部格 whose和关系副词where, when、why关系词常有三个作用 ：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句1. who 指人，在从句中做主语1the boys who are playing footballare from class one. 2y

3、esterday i helped an old manwho lost his way.2. whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略；(1) mr. liu is the person whom you talked about.留意：关系代词 whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用 who 代替，可省略；3 the man who/whom you met just nowis my friend.3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) football is a gamewhich is liked by most boy.s which 在句子中做

4、主语 (2) this is the pen which he bought yesterda.y which 在句子中做宾语 4. that 指人时，相当于 who 或者 whom；指物时，相当于 which ；在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略；(5) the people that/who come to visit the cityare all here. 在句子中做主语 (6) where is the manthat/whom i saw this morning. 在句子中做宾语 5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) he has a frie

5、ndwhose father is a docto.r(2) i lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose 指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3) the classroomwhose door is brokenwill soon be repaired.=the classroomthe door of which is brokenwill soon be repaired. 5do you like the book whose color is yellow.=do you like the book the color of whi

6、ch is yellow.注： that 用法(1) 不用 that 的情形(a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时；错the tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.(b) 介词后不能用；we depend on the land from which we get our food.we depend on the land that/which we get our food from.(2) 只能用 that 作为定语从句的关系代词的情形(a) 在 there be 句型中，只用 that ，不用 which ；(b)

7、 在不定代词，如： anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行词时，只用that， 不用 which ；(c) 先行词有 the only, the very,the same,the last,just修饰时，只用 that；(d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用 which ；.(e) 先行词既有人，又有物时；(f) 先行词指物，在主句中作表语时(g) 为了防止重复(h) 先行词是 the way 或 the reason 时， that 可作关系副词，也可省略(i) 主句的主语是疑问词who /which时举例：is this th

8、e book that you borrowed in the library.这是你在图书馆借的那本书吗？who that break the window should be punished 谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩处all that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油问题；finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察；三、关系副词引导定语从句关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词 =介词+关系代词why=for whichw

9、here=in/ at/ on/ . which 介词同先行词搭配 when=during/ on/ in/ . which 介词同先行词搭配 1. where 指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句；(1) shanghai is the city where i was born.(2) the house where i lived ten y ears ago has been pulled down.2. when 引导定语从句表示 时间；在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用(1) i still remember the day when i first came t

10、o the school.(2) the time when we got together finally came.注表示时间 “ time一"不用 that 引导；词的定语从句只用 when 引导，有时不用任何关系代词， 当然也by the time you arrived in london, we had stayed there for two weeks.到你到达伦敦的时候，我们在那里已经待了两个星期；i still remember the first time i met her. 我仍旧记得我第一次见到她；each time he goes to business

11、 trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc；每一次他去出差，他带来了生活必需品，如毛巾，肥皂，牙刷等，许多；3. why 指缘由在定语从句中做缘由状语(1) please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) i don t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.留意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) the reason why/ for

12、 which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) from the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.注： 1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略；2） that 前不能有介词；3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或缘由状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词 when ,where和 why 互换；this is the house in which i lived two years ag

13、o. this is the house where i lived two years ago.do you remember the day on which you joined our club. do you remember the day when you joined our club.this is the reason why he came late.this is the reason for which he came late.二、用关系代词填空： that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose1. this is the manwants to see

14、 you.2. the studentanswered the question is zhang hua.3. the manyou went to see has come.4. the mani met yesterday lent me some money.5. the womanyou saw is our geography teacher.6. the runneryou are asking about is over there.7. the personyou should write to is mr. ball.8. the manwas passing by saw

15、 what happened.9. here is the penyou lost the day before yesterday.学习必备欢迎下载10. these booksyou lent me were very useful.11. the storybooki have just read cannot be easily forgotten.12. a clock is a machinetells people the time.13. this is shirti bought yesterday.14. a dictionary is a bookgives the me

16、aning to the word.15. the bookis on the table is mine.16. the filmthey are talking about is very interesting.17. i will never forget the people and the placesi have ever visited.18. is there anyonefamily is in beijing.19. show me the boymother is a well-known singer.20. the boyfather is a teacher is

17、 good at english.三、单项挑选 1. your teacher of chinese is a young ladycomes from beijing.a. whob. whichc. whomd. whose 2. what s the name of the program.a. which are listeningb. you are listening toc. to that you are listeningd. that you are listening 3. the students were all interestedyou told them yes

18、terday.a. in whichb. in that thisc. all thatd. in everything 4. he was the only person in his officewas invited.a. whomb. whosec. thatd. which 5. this is the museumwe visited last year.a. whereb. in whichc. whichd. in that 6. charlie told his mother allhad happened.a. thatb. whatc. whichd. who 7. do

19、 you know the student.a. whom i often talkb. with who i often talkc. i often talk withd. that i often talk 8. i like the housewindows face south.a. whoseb. who sc. it'sd. its 9. would you tell me where to get the dictionary.a. what i needb.i needc. which i need itd. that i need it 10. the young

20、womani spoke just now is a young doctor.a. whob. to whomc. whomd. that练习二1. don tatlk about such things of you are not sure.a. whichb. whatc. asd. those5. the wolves hid themselves in the placescouldn t be found.a. thatb. wherec. in whichd. in that6. the freezing point is the temperaturewater change

21、s into ice.a. at whichb. on thatc. in whichd. of what7. this book will show youcan be used in other contexts.a. how you have observedb. what you have observedc. that you have observedd. how that you have observed8. the reason ishe is unable to operate the machine.a. becauseb. whyc. thatd. whether9.

22、i ll tell youhe told me last week.a. all whichb. thatc. all thatd. which10. that tree,branches are almost bare, is very old.a. whoseb. of whichc. in whichd. on which11. i have bought the same dressshe is wearing.a. asb. thatc. whichd. what12. he failed in the examination,made his father very angry.a

23、. whichb. itc. thatd. what13. we re talking about the piano and the pianist were in the concert weenadtet d last night.a. whichb. whomc. whod. that14. the girlan english song in the next room is tom s sister.a. who is singingb. is singingc. sangd. was singing15. thosenot only from books but also thr

24、ough practice will succeed.a. learnb. whoc. that learnsd. who learn16. anyonethis opinion may speak out.a. thatagainstb. thatagainstc. who is againstd. who are against17. didn t you see the man.a. i nodded just nowb. whom i nodded just nowc. i nodded to him just nowd. i nodded to just now18. can you

25、 lend me the novelthe other day.a. that you talkedb. you talked about itc. which you talked withd. you talked about19. is there anythingto you.a. that is belongedb. that belongsc. that belongd. which belongs20. - “ how do you like the book.”- “ it s quite different fromi read last month.”a. thatb. w

26、hichc. the oned. the one what21. mr. zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils exceptwho had already taken them.a. the onesb. onesc. somed. the others22. the trainshe was travelling was late.a. whichb. wherec. on whichd. in that23. he has lost the key to the drawerthe papers are kept.a. whereb. in whichc. under whichd. which24. antarct