英语演讲教程（英文版）

1、英语演讲教程（英文版）presentationsandpublicspeakinginenglishapresentationisaformaltalktooneormorepeoplethatzzpre sentsz/ideasorinformationinaclear, structuredaresomet imesafraidofspeakinginpublic, butifyoufollowafewsimplerules,givingapresentationisactuallyverytutorialguidesyouthrougheachstageofgivingapresenta

2、tioninenglish, fromtheinitialpreparationtotheconclusionandquestionsandtutorial isitselfse toutlikeam ini-presen tation.pre parationcanyouname the3mostim portantthi ngswhengiv inganypres entation?number 1 is prepara tionnumb er2is pr eparation!number3i s. prepar ation! !p reparation iseverythi ng!wit

3、hg oodprepara tionandpla nningyouwi libetotallyconfidentandlessyouraudiencewillfeelyouraudience,too, willbewillbeconfidentinthiswillgiveyouofyouraudienceandofyourcontrol, youwill be incharg e andyoura udiencewil llistenpos itivelytoy ourmessage objectivebeforeyo ustarttopr epareapres entation, y ous

4、houldas kyourself:z/whyamlmak ingthispre sentation?"doyoimeedtoinfonn, topersuade,totrainortosell?yourobjectiveshouldbeclearinyouritisnotclearinyourmind,itcannotpossiblybecleartoyour audiencea udience"whoamlmaki ngthispres entationto ?sometime sthiswillbeobvious, butnotshouldtrytoinformman

5、ypeople?whoarethey?businesspeople?professiona lpeople?po liticalpeo ple?expert sornon- exp erts?willi tbeasmall, intimategr oupof4coll eaguesoralargegatheringof400competitors?howmuchdot heyknowalr eadyandwha twilltheye xpectfromy ou?venue"whereamlm akingthisp resentatio n?inasmal lhotelmeetingr

6、oomoralargeconferencehall ?whatfacil itiesandequipmentare available?whatarethe seatingarr angements?timeandlen gth"when amlmakingt hispresent ationandho wlongwilli tbe?z/willitb e5minutesorlhour?just beforelunch, whenyouraudiencewillbehungry, orjustafterlunch , whenyoura udiencewil lbesleepy?me

7、thodho wshouldlma kethispres entation?whatapproa chshouldyouuse?formalorinforma1?lotsofvisualaidsoronlyafew?willyouincludesomeanecdotesandh umourforva riety?cont entz，what shouldlsay ?/znowyoumu stdecideex actlywhatyouwantto,youshouldbrainstormyourwillnodoubtdiscovermanyideasthatyouwanttoineludeinyo

8、uryoumustbeshouldincludeonlyinforma. tionthatisrelevanttoyouraudienceandyourshouldexcludeallotheralsoneedtoereateatitleforyourpresentation(ifyouhavenotalreadybeengivenatitle) thetitlewillhelpyoutofocusontheyouwillprepareyourvisualaids, ifyouhavedecidedtouseremember, ingeneral, lessisbettert hanmore(

9、al ittleisbet terthanalo t). youcana lwaysgivea dditionali nformation duringtheq uestionsaf terthepres entations tructureawe11organ isedpresen tationwith aclearstructureiseasierfortheaudiencetoisthereforemoreshouldorganisethepointsyouwishtomakeinalogicalpresentationsareorganisedinthreeparts, fo llow

10、edbyqu estions:beginnings hortintrod uctionwelc omeyouraud ience intro duceyoursu bjectexp lainthestr uctureofyo urpresenta tionexpl ainrulesfo rquestionsmiddlebo dyofpresen tationpres entthesubj ectitselfendshortc onclusions ummariseyo urpresenta tion thanky ouraudienc e inviteque stionsques tionsa

11、ndan swersnoteswhenyoug iveyourpre sentation, youshouldb e- orappear tobe-asspo ntaneousas shouldnotr eadyourpresentation!youshouldbesofamiliarwithyoursubjectandwiththeinformationthatyouwanttodeliverthatyoudonotneedtoreadaatextisboring!readingatextwillmakeyouraudiencegotosleep!soifyoudon' thavea

12、texttoread, howcanyouremembettosayeverythingyouneedtosay?withcancreateyourownsystemofpeopiemakenotesonsmall,a6peoplewritedownjustthetitleofeachsectionoftheirpeoplewritedownkeywordstoremindnotesw订lgiveyouconfidence, butbecauseyouwillhavepreparedyourpresentationfully, yo umaynoteve nneedthem!rehearsal

13、rehearsal isavitalpa rtofshould leavetimet opractisey ourpresent ationtwoor threewillh avethefoll owingbenef its:youw illbecomem orefamilia rwithwhaty ouwanttosa y youwill identifywe aknessesin yourpresen tation yo uwillbeabl etopractis edifficuit pronunciat ionsyouw illbea.blet ocheckthet imethatyo

14、u rpresentationtakesan dmakeanyne cessarymod ificationssoprepar e, prepare,prepare!prepareeverything:words,visualaids, timing,yourpresentationseveraltimesandtimeittherightlength?areyoucompletelyfamiliarwithallyourillustrations?aretheyintherightorder?doyouknowh ot heaudienceis?howmanypeople?howillyou

15、answerdifficultquestions?doyouknowtheroom?areyouconfidentabouttheequipment?whenyouhaveansweredallthesequestions, youwillbeaconfident, enthusiasticpresenterreadytocommunicatethesubjectofyourpresentationtoaneag eraudience equipmenteasilyyo urmostimportantpieceofequipmentis. .you!makesure you5 reinfu l

16、lworkingorder, andcheckyourpersonalpresentationcarefully-ifyoudon't, youraudiencewill!theoverheadprojector (ohp)displaysoverheadtransparencies(ohtsorohpts) ithasseveraladvantagesoverthe35mmsli deprojecto r:itcanb eusedinday lightthe usercanfac etheaudien cetheuse rcanwriteo rdrawdirectlyonthetra

17、nsparency whileinusethewhite board (more rarelyblac kboardorgr eenboard)i sausefulde viceforspo ntaneouswr iting which mustbeused inadarkene droom-adds acertainsl ideproject orscanbesy nchronised withaudiof oraudio- vi sual(av)pr ojectorsar etypically usedforlarasin brainstorm ing, forpre paredmater

18、mightbemor ssentialth nsidercarr forwriting removethei nnotremove einblue, re yaspareset usedoneswh nneverblam tsofsevera urnpeoplep rd,butitsuedusterisu attheduste yingyourow onthewhite nk)orflipc theink) th d,blackand ofmarkersi ichdonotwr eshistools lleavesofp referthef1sedforclea rbecleanto ndus

19、terjus board(deli hart(indel eyareusual ,it'sagood ncaseyouar itewel1. a ."theflipc aperthatyo ipcharttotial, theohp ningtheise startmayco tinareused ble-youcan ible-youca. lyavailabl ideatocarr egivensome goodworkma hartconsis u flip' ort hewhiteboaseislimite dtosmaller slideproje ctor

20、germajoritytake35mmslidesortransparencies (asseenhere),butprojectorsfor6x6cmslidesarealsoav ailabletransparen ciesarepro jectedbyanoverheadprojectororaslideprojectorontoascreen一inthiscaseafoldingscreenwhichcanbepackedupandnotebookcomputerisincreasinglybeingusedtodisplaygraphicsduringisoftenusedincon

21、junctionwithanoverheadprojector,whichactuallyprojectstheimagefromthecomputerscreenontothewallareanydocumentsorsamplesthatyou'handoutj ordistributetoyourthatitisnotusuallyagoodideatodistributehandoutsbeforeyouraudiencewillreadthehandoutsinsteadoflisteni ngtoyou.de livery'd elivery5 re ferstot

22、hew ayinwhichy ouactually deliverorperformorgiveyourisavitalaspectofallisatleastasimportantascontent, especiallyinamu lti-cultur alcontextnervesmo stspeakers arealittle nervousatt hebegirrningofaitisnormalifyouareansweristopayspecialattentiontothebeginningofyourimpressionsisthetimewhenyouestablishar

23、apportwithyourthistime,trytospeakslowlyandshouldperhapslearnyourintroductionbyafewmoments, youwillrela xandgainco nf idence.a udiencerap portyoun eedtobuild awarmandfr iendlyrela tionshipwithyourisyouareenthusiasticyouraudiencewillbeenthusiasticbecarefultoestablisheyecontactwitheachmemberofyourperso

24、nshouldfeelthatyouarespeakingdirectlytohimormeansthatyoumustlookateachpersoninturn-inasnaturalawayaswillalsogiveyoutheopportunitytodetectsignsofboredom, disinterestorevendisagreement,allowingyoutomodifyyourpresentationas appropriat e.yourob jectiveist ocommunica te!bodylan guagewha tyoudonots ayisat

25、leas tasimporta ntaswhatyo udobodyiss peakingtoy ouraudienc eevenbefor eyouopenyourclothes,yourwalk, yourglasses,yourhaircut,yourexpressionitisfromthesethatyouraudienceformsitsfirstimpressionasyouenterthespeaking, itisbettertostandratherthansitwhenmakingaawareofandavoidanyrepetitiveandirritatingawar

26、e,too, thatthemovementofyourbodyisoneofyourmethodsofyoumovetoorfromthewhiteboard, forexample, youcanmovefastorslowly,raisingorreducingthedynamismwithinthecanstandverystillwhiletalkingoryoucanstrollfromsidetoeffectdoyouthinkthesetwodifferentapproacheswould haveonanau dience?pag e2of2)cu ituralcons id

27、erationsbecausee nglishissoorld, itisq ouraudienc ywillnotha saxonworld pothetical raelicompa toajapanesuitepossib ewillnotbe veananglo- ,therearem lyimaginea nymakingap eaudienceiwidelyused lethatmany nativeothe saxonwithi anydiffere germanwork resentatio nkorea, weearoundthew membersofy rwords, th

28、entheanglo- ncesinwehy ingforanls ninenglish anseethatthereareevenmorepossibilitiesforculturalshouldtrytolearnaboutanyparticularculturalmattersthatmayaffectyourisonereasonwhypreparationforyourpresenta/tionissodifferencescanalsobeseeninbodylanguage,whichwehave jus tala,tinfromsouthernfranceoritaly, a

29、.presenterwhouseshishandsandarmswhenspeakingmayseemdynamicandanenglishman,thesamepresenterm ayseemunsu reofhiswor dsandlacki nginself-c onfidencevoicequali tyitis, ofcourse, importantthatyouraudiencebeabletohearyouclearlythroughoutyourthatifyouturnawayfromyouraudience,forexampletowardsthewhiteboard,

30、youneedtospeakalittlemoregeneral, youshouldtrytovaryyourvoicewillthenbemoreinterestingforyourcanvaryyourvoi ceinatleas tthreeways :speed:youcanspeakatnormalspeed, youcanspeakfaster,youcanspeakmoreslowly-andyoucanstopcompietely!youcanisaverygoodtechniqueforgainingyouraudie nee's: youcanchangethep

31、itchofyourcanspeakinahighcanspeakinalow:youcanspeakatnormalvolume,youcanspeakloudlyandyoucanspeakyourvoiceandspeakingquietlyc anagainatt ractyourau dience，sin terestt heimportan tpointisno ttospeakin thesame, fl at, monoton ousvoiceth roughoutyo urpresenta tion thisi sthevoicet hathypnoti stsusetopu

32、 ttheirpati ents5 intot rance!visu alaidsof alltheinfo rmationtha tentersour brains, thevastmajorityofitentersthroughthe%ofwhatyouraudiencelearnduringyourpresentationislearnedvisually(whattheysee)andonly20%islearnedaurally (whattheyhear) thesignificanceofthisisobvious:visualai dsareanextremelyeffect

33、ivemeansofcommunicationnon-nativeenglishspeakersneednotworrysomuchaboutspokenenglish-theycanrelymoreheavilyonvisualaidsitiswellworthspendingtimeinthecreationofgoodvisualitisequallyimportantnottooverloadyouraudience，stheinformati ononeachvi sualaidtoa minimuman dgiveyoura udiencetim etolookata ndabso

34、rbth isinformat ion.reme mber,youra udiencehav eneverseen thesevisua laidsneedt imetostudyandtounderstandunderstandingth ereisnocom munication audiencer eactionr emaincalma ndpoliteif youreceive difficultorevenhostilequestionsduringyouryoureceiveparticularlyawkwardquestions,youmightsuggestthattheque

35、stionersasktheirquestionsafteryourp resentatio n.languagesaywhaty ouaregoing tosay,simp licityandc larityif youwantyou raudiencet ounderstan dyourmessa ge, yourlan guagemustb esimpleand clearus eshortword sandshorts entencesdonotusej argon, unle ssyouarece ttainthaty ouraudienc eunderstan dsiting en

36、eral, tai kaboutcone retefactsr atherthana bstractide as.useac tiveverbsi nsteadofpa ssiveverbs aremucheasiertoaremuchmorethesetwosentences, whichsaythesamet hing:toy otasoldtwo mi 11 ioncar slastyeartwomilli oncarswere soldbytoyo talastyear whichis easiertoun derstand?w hichismore immediate?whichis

37、mor epowerful?n° lisactiv eandnc 2isp assivesig npostingwhenyoudri veontheroa ds, youknow whereyouareonthoseroadhasanameortownhasaeachhousehasayouareathousen ° 100,youcangobackton ° 50orforwardton ° canlookatthesignpostsforyoucanlookatyouratlasforthestructureoftheroadsinotherword

38、s, itiseasytonavigatethecannotgetwhenyougiveapresentation,howcanyouraudienceknowhere theyare?howcantheyknowthestructureofyourpresentation?howcantheyknowwhatiscomingnext?theyknowbecauseyoutellyouputupsignpostsforthem, atthebegirmingandallaiongthetechniqueiscalled，signposting' (or ' signallin

39、g )duri ngyourintr oduction, y oushouldte llyouraudiencewhatthestruetureofyourpres entationwillmightsay somethingl ikethis:i' 11start bydescribi ngthecurre ntpositionini' llmoveontosomeoftheachievementswe'vemadeinthatr llconsidertheopportunitiesweseeforfurtherexpansionin, r llquicklyreca

40、.pbeforecon eludingwit hsomerecom mendations amemberoftheaudiencecannow vi sualizeyourpresent ationliket his:introd uctionwelc omeexpla nationofst ructure (no w)bodyeuro peasiaafri caconclusi onsummingu precommend ationshe willkeepth isimageinh isheadduri ngthemayev enwriteitthroughoutyourpresentati

41、on, youwillputupsignpoststellinghimwhichpointyou havereache dandwherey ouaregoing youfinishe uropeandwa nttostarta sia, youmig htsay:t hat' salllh avetosayab out' sturnn owtoasiawhenyouh avefinishe dafricaand wanttosumu p, youmight say:wel 1, we，veloo kedattheth reecontine ntseurope, asiaand5 dl iketosumup now. and whenyoufin ishsumming upandwantt ogiveyourr ecommendat ions, youmi ghtsay:"whatdoesal lt