状语从句讲解及习题附答案4

1、精品文档（一）状语从句概述定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。田状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后， 时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用 运尸和主句隔/。分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、 让步、方式和比较等状语从句。作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。（二）状语从句详解1.时间状语从句引导词用法示例when息为当一的时候。When 引导从句的谓语动词可以 是延续性动词，也可以是 瞬间动词。并且when有时 表示“就在那时”A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. 说谎者 讲

2、真话时也没有人相信。When he arrives , I 'llcallyou.When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes.while息为在一的时候，在 的同时"。While引导从句 的谓语动词必须是延续性 的，发生时间较长，并强 调主句和从句的动作同时 发生（或者相对应）。WhileWhile I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street.While John was watching TV, his wife was cook

3、ing.有时还可以表示对比。as思为一边一边。As 引导的动作是延续性的， 发生时间较短，一般用于 主句和从句动作同时发 生；as也可以强心前一 后。The writer was angry as he was travellingon a train toLondon because someone had invaded hisspace”.He smiled as he stood up.after思为在一之后。表小主 旬动作发生在从句动作之 后。主句与从句的动作时 间关系与before引导的 从句相反。With many hungry visitors waiting, don'

4、;t stay too long at your table after you have finished.If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over.before意为“在之前”。引导的 从句不用否定形式的谓 语，并且当before引导的 从句位于主句之后，有时 译成“就，才”。当主句用 将来时，从句总是用现在 时；如果before引导的从 句谓语用的是过去时，则 主句动词多用过去完成 时，这样以便体现动作的 先后。You can't watch TV before you finish you

5、r homework.Before it ended,thetheatre was almost empty.My father had leftforCanada just beforetheletter arrived.till意为e"。一m青况r 可以和until互换。如果 主句中的谓语动词是瞬时 动词时，必须用否定形式；She didn't even know that it was an earthquake till she saw a shaking ( moving from side to side) light.如果主句中的谓语动词是 延续性动词时，用肯定

6、和 否定形式都可以，但表达 的意思/、同。The fireman worked very hard till the fire was out.until意为“直。在强调句型 中多用until 。如果主句 中的谓语动词是瞬时动词 时，必须用否定形式；如 果主句中的谓语动词是延 续性动词时，用肯定和否 定形式都可以，但表达的 意思/、同。I 'mwaiting for mysister. I won't go to see my uncle until she comes.Wait until I finish what I am doing.since意为“自从，从以来”。 引

7、导从句的谓语动词可以 是延续性的动词，也可以 是瞬时动词。一般情况下， 从句谓语动词用一般过去 时，而主句的谓语动词用 现在完成时。但在It is + 时间+since从句的句型 中，主句多用一般现在时。I have been studying hard since I entered the high school.It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.It is five years months since our boss was not in Beijing.as soonas意为“一就”。引导时 问状语从句时，如果主句

8、用了将来时，从句一般使 用现在时。Tom will call me as soon as he gets home.I will call you as soon asI arrive.2.地点状语从句引导词用法示例where意为“哪里”。"where引导 的地点状语从句，（there+ ） 主句” “哪里哪里就”。 主旬在从旬后面时，there 可用口/、用；主句在从旬的 前面时，一«都不用there.Where there is a will, there is a way.They were good persons. Where they went, there t

9、heywerewarmlywelcomed.You should have put the book where you found it.wherever意为“无论何地”。 anywhere/wherever 弓 I 导地 点状语从句+主句。anywhere本身是个副词，但 是常可以引导从句，相当于 连词，意思相当于 wherever, anywhere弓 1 导的 从句可位于主句之前，也可 以位于主句之后。而 wherever本身就是个连词， 表示“在何处，无论何处”。Wherever the sea is, you will find seaman.I 'll go anywhe

10、re you go.3.条件状语从句引导词用法示例if连词，意为“假如，如果”。当主句是将来时的时候， 从句要用一般现在时。Don't talk loudly at the meeting. If you do, you will have to leave.Well go for a picnic if it doesn't rain this weekend.unless连词，意为“除非（=if not） o当主句是将来时的 时候，从句要用一般现在 时。Don't discuss the problems with your partner unless you a

11、re asked to do so.I won't go there unless you come with me.4.原因状语从句引导词用法示例as意为“因为”。引导原因状 语从句时表示附带。说明“双方已知的原因”，语气 比since 弱，较为正式， 位置较为灵活（常放于主 旬之前）。As the weather is cold, I stay at home.As itis raining,you'dbetter take a taxi.As you are tired,you'dbetter rest.since意为“因为”。引导的原因 状语从句一般放于主句之

12、前表小已知的、显然的理 由（通常被翻译成“既然”），较为正式，语气比 because 弱。Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time.Since the race is in April, I had to run throughout the winter, and in Boston,winters are cold.Since everybody is here.Let's begin our meeting.because意为“因为”。引导的原因 状语从句一般

13、放于主句之 后，表述直接原因，语气 较强，最适合why引导的 疑问句。Because引导的 原因状语从句肩时可以与 because of短语互换。The woman prefers winter because she can skate.I'd like to collect stamps becausetheyareinteresting.I'm very tired these days because ofstudyingphysics.He can't come because he is ill.= He can't comebecauseof hi

14、s 川ness.for意为“因为”。引导的原因 状语从句并不说明主句行 为发生的直接原因，只提 供一些辅助性的补充说 明，for引导的原因状语 从句只能放于主句之后， 并且必须用逗号将其与主 旬 PM#。He must be ill, for he is absent today.He could not have seen me, for I was not there.5.目的状语从句引导词用法示例so that意为“以至，以便”。目 的状语的谓语常含有 may, might, can, could, should, would 等情态动Try to speak loud enough s

15、o that people can hear you clearly.Mr. Green speaks very loudly词。so that all the people can hear him clearly.in orderthat意为“为了”，相当于so that. in order to后面可以跟动词原形构成目 的状语，不是目的状语从 句。We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make a arrangements.6.结果状语从句引导词用法示例so that意为“如此以至于”。 so+

16、adj./adv. 原级 +that, so是副词，只能修饰形容 词和副词。so还可与表小 数量的形容词 many, few, much, little(这四个形容词表示多或少时)连用，形 成固定搭配。so+ many 或 few+复数可数名词 +that;so+ much或 little+ 不可数 名词+that.This year it has rained so heavily in South China that lots of problems are caused.The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldn 't

17、skate on it.Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future that we fail to enjoy the present.There are so few notebooks that I can't give you any.such.that意为“如此以至于”。 有三种结构： such+a(an)+adj.+ 单数不 可数名词 +that; such(+adj.)+ 不可数名词It 's such a wonderful song that we all like it.Simon is

18、 such dishonest person that no one believes him.+that; such( + adj.) + 复数可数名词+that, such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词 词组。有时可与 so- that 句型转换。The boy is so young that he can't go to school.= He is such a young boy that he can't go to school.7.让步状语从句引导词用法示例though意为“虽然”。不能和but 连用。但是可以同 yet(still) 连用，构成 though -

19、 yet(still).though较普遍，常用于非正 式的口语和书面语中。even 能和though组合表示强调， 在这里 even though=even if(no matter if; though 即使.也.)。though可以 独立用作副词，常放在旬末， 思为 all the same( 还是； 仍然)或however(可是；然 而)。So it has lived up to now though it isn't strong at all.Though they are twin brothers, they don't look like each othe

20、r.Even if/ Even though we could afford it, we would afford it, we wouldn't go abroad for our vacation.although意为“虽然”。不能和but 连用。但是可以同 yet(still) 连用，构成Although he died several years ago, I can still remember the days wealthough yet(still).although较为正式，语气比 though重，常用以强调让步 概念。 even不能和 although 组合。sp

21、ent together and what he has taught me about love.Although we had little food with us, we decided to spend the night in the car.8.比较状语从句引导词用法示例as-as.意为“和一样”。表示同 级的比较。使用时要注意 第一个as为副词，第二个 as为连词。具基本结构为： as+adj./adv.原级+as。若 有修饰成分，如 twice, three times, half, a quarter等，则须置于第一 个as之前。She is very good at pa

22、inting. She can paint as well as here teacher.I ran out as quickly as possible.not as /so-as意为“和不一样，不如”。也表示同级比较。She is not so (as ) outgoing as her sister.This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.9.方式状语从句引导词用法示例as/(just)as.so意为“犹如，就像”。引 导的方式状语从句通常 位于主句后，但在When in Rome, do as the Romans do.As

23、 water is to fish, so9欢在下载精品文档(just)as.so 结构中位于旬首，这时as从句 带有比喻的含义，意为“正如，就像”，多用 于正式义体。air is to man.as if/ asthough意为“就像，好像"。两 者的意义和用法相同，引 出的状语从句谓语多用 虚拟语气，表示与事实相 反，有时也用陈述语气， 表示所说情况是事实或 实现的可能性较大。常译 作“仿佛似的，好像 似的”。If would never forget here smile, or the way her eyes shone as if we were the same age

24、.It looks as if the weather maypick up very soon.练习一一.单项填空1. he 's old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he to play basketball with us?-1 think he will come if he free tomorrow.A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come;will be

25、3. In the zoo if a child into the water and can't swim, thedolphins may come up him.A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; helpD. falls; helping4. I don't remember he worked in that city whenhe was young.A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at home if my aunt to vis

26、it us tomorrow.A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children cross the streetthe traffic lights turned green.A. not; before B. don't; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday there was something wrong with my bike.A. when B. that C. until

27、D. because8. I 'll go swimming with you if I free tomorrow.A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, the you are,the mistakesyou will make.A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons you go out to play.A. befo

28、re B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried I wouldn't be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless12. Whenyou read the book, you'd better makea mark you haveany questions.A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice all the students could hear him.A. for B.

29、so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat he felt hot.A. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is that we 'd like to go out for a walk.A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D.1欺速下载精品文档such lovely a day16. Mary had much work to do that she stayed at her officeall day.A.

30、 such B. so C. too D. very17.1 felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18 .the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As19 .well you can drive, you must drive carefully.A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment20 .

31、 Write to me as soon as you to Beijing.A. will get B. get C. getting D. got二.根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1 .不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。I am not angry with him,jokes he on me.2 .布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。Mrs Bruce was kind to her students theyher their mother.3 .只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。Our parents will be pleased with our perfo

32、rmance we try our best.4 .你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？W川you please call me you get to Shanghai.5 .这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano she has kept practicing for two years.6 .虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。, she kept on learning English by herself.7 .他长大后相当一名记者。He wants to be a journalist.8

33、 .无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。 windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first toget to school.9 .如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。 to protecting the environment,the world will become much more beautiful.10 .李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。Li Ming didn't come to school.练习二1. The meeting didn't start everyone was there.A. bec

34、ause B. until C. why D. if2. .The boy to bed his mother came in.A. went not; until B. didn't go; after C. went; until D. didn't go; until3. I won't believe you I have seen it with my own eyes.A. before B. until C. after D. when4. .He home she was satisfied his answer yesterday.A. didn

35、9;t go; until; with B. wasn't go; after; toC. doesn't go; before; with D. didn't go; until; to5. .He back until the work done.A. isn't; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; is6. .They didn't start the work their teacher came back.A. until B. while C.

36、 as soon as D. if7. Tom will call me as soon as he Shanghai.13欠0迎下载精品文档A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to8. I'm sure he'll come to see me before he Beijing.A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves9. I will tell him the news as soon as he back.A. come B. comes C. will come

37、 D. came10. Tom has got a watch. He it for two years. It by hisfather.A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought;has bought . D. has had; was bought "'11. When he got to the station, the train.A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left12. The boy told his father what he

38、in the street.A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see13. We TV when the telephone.A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D.are watching; rang14. By the end of last term, I ten books.A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to read D. finish read15. I you fo

39、r a long time. Where you?A. didn't see; did; go B. didn't see; have; goneC. haven't seen;have; been D. haven't seen; have; gone16. Tom China for 3 years.A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at17. I won't go to see the film tonight, because I my ticket.A. lost B.

40、have lost C. will lose D. didn't lose18. -Hello! May I speak to Bob?-Sorry, but he for a month.A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away19. I him since I began to live in the city.A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know20. Zhao Lan already in this school for two years.A. was; stud

41、ying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying21. Betty didn't go to see the film yesterday she was ill.A. because B. but C. until D. if22. May I sit nearer I can see more clearly?A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so23. you work hard, you will certainly succeed.A. Though B. If C. Because D

42、. For24. he cameto study in the university, he has mademuchprogress in the study of English.A. While B. When C. Since D. After25. I'd like to go swimming the water is not too cold.A. for B. unless C. if D. whether26. There are many league members in class 2 in Class 4.A. both; and B. 'so; th

43、at C. either; or D. as; as27. -Do you have a big library?-No, we don't. At least, not yours.A. as big as B. as big than C. as bigger than D. bigger as28. Suzhou is not beautiful Hangzhou.A. as; than B. so; as C. even; than D. /; than29. Iron is more useful any other metal.A. as B. than C. then D

44、. so30. I want to know she is going to see a film.A. if B. that C. what D. which31. You are sure to pass the exam you study hard.A. if B. thoughC. that D. since32. I'll go to see the film with you I have time this evening.A. whether B. so C. if D. when33 .you study harder, you'll never pass the final exam.A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except34 . Although it was raining, still worked in the fields.A. but they B. and they C. they D. and