中考英语专题复习六介词

1、学习必备欢迎下载中考英语专题复习六：介词考点讲解和训练题【考点直击】1、表示时间的介词2、 表示方位和运动方向的介词3、常用介词用法辨析4、介词与其它词类的搭配1）形容词与介词的搭配2）动词与介词的搭配3）名词与介词的搭配【名师点睛】1. 介词的功能介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。2.基本介词一览表：（一）表示时间的介词：1at, in ，on(1) at 表示 “ 在某一时刻、某一时点” （2）in 表示 “ 在某月、季节、年、世纪” 以及泛指的上、

2、下午、晚上。(3)on 表示 “ 在具体某一天或某天的上、下午” 。泛指上、下午、晚上、夜间时用 in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night；但若指具体某一天的上述时段时，则一律用on。2from, since, for(1) from表示 “ 等时间的起点” 。 (2) since 表示 “ 自从 以来（直到现在） ” (3) for 与since 表示一段时间，但for 与时间段连用，而since 与时间点连用。3after, in, within(1) after表示 “ 在 之后 ” ，是 before 的反义词。 (2) within“在 时

3、间之内 ” (3) in 后面接过去的时间点表过去，若后面接一段时间，则表示“ 在 时间之后 ”（二）表示 “ 地点、方向 ” 的介词：1in, outside between, among(1) in 表示 “ 在 里面 ” ，(2) outside 指“ 在 外面 ” (3) between在 之间（指二者）(4)among 在 之间（指三者以上）2on, above, over, below, under(1) on在 上面，表面相互接触。(2) above 只表示 “ 在 上方或位置高出 ” ， 与 below 相对。(3) over“在 正上方 ” ， 与 under 相对。(4)

4、below 在 下方，低于 (5) under 在 正下方3near, by, beside(1) near 在 附近，与far 相对(2) by = beside, 靠近，在 旁边，比near 距离更近4in front of, in the front of , behind, around(1) in front of在 前面, in the front of表示 “ 在 前部” ，指里面。(2) behind 在 后面(3) around 在 周围，围绕5along, across, through(1) along 沿着(2) across 横穿(3) through 穿过it to

5、ok us ten minutes to drive through the tunnel. 6at, in二者都表示 “ 在某个地方 ” ，但 at 多指较小的地方，如车站、家等，而in 多指在 “ 大地方 ” ，如城市、国家、大洲等。（但大小有时也是相对的）。4、其它用途的介词：1表示 “ 标准或单位 ” 的介词： at, for, by(1) at 表示 “ 以 速度 ”“以 价格 ”2表示 “ 材料 ” 的介词： of, from(1) of表示从成品仍可看出原料。(2) from 表示从成品已看不出原料。3 表示 “ 工具或手段 ” 的介词： by, with, on(1) by凭借

6、 “ 工具或手段 （多用于交通工具）(2) with 用 工具(3) on 以 方式。多用于固定词组。4besides, except 都表示 “ 除了 ” 。besides 的用法就等于as well as。 （1）besides 是包括后面所提人或物在内的 “ 除了 ” ，可以理解为“ 除之外 还、除之外 又” ，表示两部分的相似性。（2）except 是指不学习必备欢迎下载包括后面所提人或物在内的“ 除了 ” ，可以理解为“ 撇开 不谈 ”,表示两部分的不同。1)at once 立刻2)at last 最后3)at first 起先，首先4)at the age of 在岁时5)at t

7、he end of 在之末6)at the beginning of 在之初7)at the foot of 在脚下8)at the same time 同时9)at night/noon 在夜里 /中午10)with ones help 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助11)with the help of 在的帮助下12)with a smile 面带笑容13)with ones own eyes 亲眼看见14)after a while 过了一会儿15)from now on 从现在起16)from then on 从那时起17)far example 例如18)far away from

8、 远离19)from morning till night 从早到晚20)by and by 不久21)by air mail 寄航空邮件22)by bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车 /乘飞机 /火车 /汽车23)by ordinary mail 寄平信24)by the way 顺便说25)by the window 在窗边26)by the end of 到底为止27)little by little 逐渐地28)in all 总共29)in fact 事实上30)in ones twenties 在某人二十几岁时31)in a hurry 匆忙32)in the middl

9、e of 在中间33)in no time (in a minute) 立刻，很快34)in time (on time) 及时35)in public 公众，公开地36)in order to 为了37)in front of 在前面38)in the sun 在阳光下39)in the end 最后，终于40)in surprise 惊奇地41)in turn 依次42)of course 当然43)a bit (of) 有一点儿44)a lot of 许多45)a little 一点儿46)on ones way to 某人在去的路上47)on foot 步行，走路48)a talk o

10、n space 一个关于太空的报告49)on the other hand 另一方面50)at/on the weekend 在周末51)on the left (right) 在左 (右)边52)on the other side of 在另一边53)on the radio 通过收音机 (无线电广播 ) 54)to ones joy 使高兴的是55)to ones surprise 使惊讶的是【语法过关】1.china lies_ the east of asia and_ the north of australia, a. to; to b. in; to c to; in d. in

11、; on 2.his son suddenly returned_ a cold rainy night. a. on b. at c. in d. for 3.timmy goes to school _ every day . its 5 minutes walk from his home to school. a. in a bus b. by plane c. on foot d. by boat 4. last month , students had to have their lessons by internet _ because of sars. a. on the pl

12、ayground b. at home c. in the street d. near the hospital 5.today some newly-produced mobile phones can take pictures _ a camera. a.as b. for c. like d. of 6. some shops open_ 10:00 a. m. and 3 : 30 p. m, during the spring festival holidays. a. at b. between c. from d. about 7. - how are you going t

13、o the train station to meet your aunt? - im going there _ my car. a. by b. in c. to d. on 学习必备欢迎下载8luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain _an inch. a. by b. at c. to d. from 9the home improvements have taken what little there is _my spare time. a. from b. in c. of d. at 10they had a pleasan

14、t chat _a cup of coffee.( 北京 ) a. for b. with c. during d. over 一. 单项填空1. we traveled overnight to paris and arrived _ 5 o clock _ the morning.a. on; in b. at; in c. at; on d. in; on 2. where s lily? we are all here _ her.a. beside b. about c. except d. with 3. she sent her friend a postcard _ a bir

15、thday present. a. on b. as c. for d. of 4. jack has studied chinese in this school _ the year of 2000. a. since b. in c. on d. by 5. -what is a writing brush, do you know? -it s _ writing and drawing.a. with b. to c. for d. by 6. english is widely used _ travellers and business people all over the w

16、orld. a. to b. for c. as d. by 7. _ the help of my teacher, i caught up with the other students. a. under b. in c. with d. on 8. hong kong is _ the south of china, and macao is _ the west of hong kong. a. in; to b. to; to c. to; in d. in; in 9. -you d better not go out now. it s raining. -it doesn t

17、 matter. my new coat can keep _ rain.a. in b. of c. with d. off 10. japan lies _ the east of china. a. to b. in c. about d. at 二. 用适当的介词填空1. -how are yougoing to the train station to meet your aunt?- i m going there _ my car. 2. mum, today is mother s day. mike and i want to invite you to have dinne

18、r _ us at zhonglou restaurant. 3. hangzhou is famous _ the west lake. 4. today some newly-produced mobile phones can take pictures _ a camera. 5. could you tell me if there is a flightto the capital _ march, 25th? 6. we all agree _ you. let s start at once.7. there is a big shop _ the other side of

19、the road. 8. -which necklace have you lost? -the one you gave me _ my birthday. 9. you should take more exercise. it s good _ your health.10. it is clear that fish cannot live _ water. 三用适当的介词填空：last saturday i was busy _ my homework . my teacher was very angry _ me because i was late _ school again

20、. kathy prefers a hula hoop _ a book. i will invite some friends _ my eighteenth birthday party. how long has he worked _ an inventor. 学习必备欢迎下载my uncle arrived _ the airport _ the morning of may 3. i will always help my friends when they are _ trouble. there is nothing _ air _ space. i wont be back

21、_ june. _ the age _ twenty, he had written two books. mary fell _ her bike and hurt her right leg. he has been away _ china _ three years ago. when i was _ school, i was _ the school football team. i think he will be _ two oclock. the teacher was given some flowers _ his students. look, the birds ar

22、e singing _ the tree. he left the classroom _ all the windows open. my sister is ill today. she doesnt feel _ eating anything. its too dangerous. you must keep the children away _ the fire. my parents arrived _ a cold night. you should apologize _ her _ stepping on her foot. the students are sitting

23、 _ the table, reading the newspaper. the city is famous _ its football, and people there are very proud _ their city football team. we are doing better _ english _ our teachers help. dont worry _ me. everything is going well _ me. he was late _ school today, and she came late _school, too. - do you

24、know what happened _ peter yesterday?- he was hit _ a car. i like clothes made _ cotton. he will go to hangzhou _ his car tomorrow. _ my surprise, the englishman gave up halfway _the end. i saw the great changes _ my own eyes. you look tired. instead _ working indoors you should be out _ a walk. wus

25、hu is becoming more and more popular _ foreigners. if you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please tell me _phone. there is going to be a report _ chinese history _ our school this evening. before 1990 there was no airline _ the two cities. she is dressed _ a white skirt _ red flowers. its bad _

26、 you to go to work _ breakfast. its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the world cup. - where have you been these days?- i have been to bei daihe _ a friend _ canada. - would you like some coffee?- yes, and please get me some milk, too. i prefer coffee _milk. - when did mr smith come here?- _ n

27、ine oclock yesterday morning. you must stand _ line when you are waiting _ a bus. - jack, will you be home _ time to see the children before they go to bed?- no problem. china lies _ the east of asia and _ the north of australia. 46. if you cant pass the exam, youll fall _ others. 47. i have a swim

28、every day _ yesterday. 48. we all know that the earth moves _ the sun. 49. the sunlight is coming in _ the window. 50. this room is full _ students and that one is filled_ teachers. 学习必备欢迎下载【参考答案】1.b 表示在一个大的范围内用in ，范围之外用to 。2.a 具体到某一天的时间用on。3.c 5 minutes walk 决定去学校的方式是on foot 。4.b 语境中 by internet 和 because of sars 决定了 have their lessons - at home 。5.c like 在