语法填空技巧讲解 终极版

1、似曾相识：似曾相识：1. 【2015课标全国课标全国】It was raining lightly when I _(arrive) In Yangshuo just before dawn(黎明). 2. 【2015安安徽徽】Just as I got to the school gate ,I realized I _ (leave) my book in the restaurant.3. 【2014山山东东】Susan made _clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.arrivedhad leftit4.

2、 【2014江江西西】Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with _(patient).5. 【2013天天津津】I think watching TV every evening is a waste of timethere are _(meaningful) things to do.6. 【2014北北京京】Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _ half an hour.patiencemore meaningfulin7. 【

3、2014天天津津】After the event(活动） the _(piano) were donated to local school and community groups.8. 【2015重重庆庆】He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of _wered published in the 1990s.9. 【2014安安徽徽】The exact year _Kate and her family spent together in China was in 2008.pianoswhichwhich/that考试题型解读考试题型解读

4、20162016年年新课标高考英语语法填空类题目语法填空类题目的考纲考纲要求：要求： 在一篇200词左右的语言材料中留出1010个空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求要求考生根据上下文填写空白处空白处所需的内容（1 1个单个单词词）或所提供单词所提供单词的正确形式正确形式。 题题型的显著特型的显著特点：点：将语言知语言知识识和语语法知识法知识放在语篇中进行考察。 文章内容题文章内容题材材，体体裁多样裁多样化化（记叙文，议论文，对话等）。命题形式命题形式无提示词无提示词冠词冠词代词代词连词连词介词介词情态动词、强调情态动词、强调助动词等助动词等 能能力要求力要求: 1.词汇词汇量量 2.

5、构词法构词法的变化和运用的变化和运用 3.句句子分析子分析能力与能力与语法运用语法运用能力能力 4.对对文意文意的理解及上下文的理解及上下文语义、语义、语境的语境的逻逻辑判断及推理能力辑判断及推理能力根根据词意据词意, 定定词形词形分分析空格前后提示词，析空格前后提示词，,定定词性词性解题四步走解题四步走提示：寻找填词的依据。每一个空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以从所在的句子或者上下文中找到它的依据。快速读文快速读文,了解大了解大意意词组搭词组搭配配, 前后连贯前后连贯动词动词名词名词形容词形容词副词副词冠词冠词代词代词连词连词介词介词词性词性一一般般有有提提示示词词无无提提示示词词定冠词定冠

6、词,不定冠词不定冠词并并列连词，复合连词列连词，复合连词 doing, done, to do 及变形及变形时态，语时态，语态态, 主主谓一致谓一致常用介词的用法，词常用介词的用法，词组搭配组搭配词汇词汇, 构词法构词法人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词词，反身代词有提示词类的词形变化有提示词类的词形变化:1.动动词词除了谓除了谓语动词及非谓语动语动词及非谓语动词，还考词，还考虑虑其其否定词否定词（dis- /mis），），名词名词（-ment/ ation /-er等等），），形容词形容词（-able /-ed /-ing )2. 名词名词形

7、容词形容词（名词（名词cet，天气类常加，天气类常加-y，或者考或者考-ful/-less等等）3. 形容词形容词比较级，最高级，副词比较级，最高级，副词（修饰（修饰adj / verb / sentence），），名词名词（情感类常加（情感类常加-ness）（PSPS：填：填名词名词时得注意时得注意单复数单复数，以及，以及动词，名词，动词，名词，形容词形容词的的否定形式否定形式以及以及派生词派生词，具体情况需要，具体情况需要根据语境来判断。）根据语境来判断。） 派生派生词：词：即由一个即由一个词根词根加上加上前缀前缀或或后后缀缀，构成另一个单词的构词法。，构成另一个单词的构词法。 添加在添加

8、在词根前词根前面的构成部分叫面的构成部分叫前缀前缀（它一般不改变原词的词性，（它一般不改变原词的词性，只改变其只改变其词义词义）；）； 添加在添加在词根后词根后面的构成部分叫面的构成部分叫后缀后缀（它改变了原词的词性，有时可改变其（它改变了原词的词性，有时可改变其词义）。词义）。 前前 缀缀 例例 词词 dis- disappear un- unknown in- indirect (常用在常用在adj.后后) im-impossible(用在用在b,p,m 开头前开头前) ir- irregularab- abnormal il- illegalmis-misunderstandnon- n

9、onsmoker( (否定否定) )( (不不) )( (不不) )（不）（不）( (误误) ) ( (非非) )( (不不, ,非非) )（不（不) )（不）（不） 前前 缀缀 例例 词词 a-构成形容词构成形容词,副词副词asleep, alone, abroad over- oversleep inter- international re-recover en- enrich过度过度相互相互再，又再，又使使 后后 缀缀 例例 词词名词 -er;- or;-ee . 者者 employer,actor,employee -ess 女的女的waitress, hostess -ese .

10、地方的人地方的人Chinese, Japanese -ian 精通精通的人的人, 地方人地方人musician, Russian -ist 专业人员专业人员 pianist，journalist（词根：（词根：日报，杂志）日报，杂志） -ment 性质性质,状态；运动、状态；运动、结果结果movement ，argument - ness 性质性质, 状态状态kindness -tion 表示动作表示动作,过程过程,结果结果 suggestion形容词后缀形容词后缀: : - al ; an ; ern; -ble ; ish ; ive; y; -ful ; - less 表示具有表示具有的

11、性质的性质, , 或与或与有关有关e.g. practical , American, southern , possible, foolish, native, rainy, helpful，careless副词后缀副词后缀: : - ly 表示方式表示方式, ,程度程度 : freely ，happily - -ward (s) 表示方向表示方向 : westwards动词后缀动词后缀: : -fy (使使化化) ; -ize (使成为使成为 ) ; en(使使） e.g. satisfy , beautify; realize , symbolize, deepen, lengthen,

12、 strengthen数词后缀数词后缀: - teen 十 fourteen -ty整十位数 forty -th序数词 fifth 无提示词类的填空：无提示词类的填空：1. 连词连词： 1) 名词从句名词从句: that, what, which, how, why, where(that不在从句中充当成分)解题技巧：找解题技巧：找动词动词，确定，确定句型句型（复合句（复合句/并列句）并列句）， 再确定所再确定所缺成分缺成分。Eg1 -I wonder _ Mary has kept her figure after all these years. -By taking exercise e

13、very day. Eg2 Most of us truly believe _ beauty comes from within.howthat 2)2)状语从句状语从句 时间状语时间状语:when, while, until等；地点状语地点状语: :where, wherever;原因状语原因状语: :because, since等；结果状语结果状语: :so that, that;目的状语目的状语: :so that, in case等；条件状语条件状语: :if, unless, once等；让步状语让步状语: :although, even if / though等；方式状方式状语：

14、语：as, as if / though等。 解题技巧：看解题技巧：看时态时态，分析句子，分析句子结构结构，根据，根据句意句意填出连词。填出连词。 Eg1 I left the party early because I had an appiontment later that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me _ the bus arrived. Eg2 Its so cold that you cant go outside _ youre fully covered in thick clothes

15、. untilunless 3) 3) 定语从句定语从句: : 关系代词：关系代词：who, whom, that, which, as, whose + n. ; 关系副词：关系副词：when, where, why 解题技巧：先确定解题技巧：先确定先行词先行词，然后看句子，然后看句子缺少缺少什么什么成分成分。 Eg1 Nicks guests, _ had heard their conversation, left his house immediately. Eg2 I will never forget the days _ we worked together.whowhen 4

16、4）并列连词）并列连词 表并列：表并列：and, neither.nor., both and, not only .but also. 表转折表转折：but, yet, however, while 表选择表选择：either.or., or, not but, otherwise； 表因果表因果：for, therefore, so, thus 解题技巧：分析句子解题技巧：分析句子结构结构，根据，根据句子间句子间的语言的语言逻辑关系逻辑关系推断出推断出 合适的并列连词。合适的并列连词。 Eg1 He likes pop music, _ Im fond of light music. Eg

17、2 The children can go with us, _ they can stay in.whileor2. 冠词冠词解题技巧：先观解题技巧：先观空白前后空白前后的词的词, ,再看上下文，再看上下文， 确定用确定用a/ an/ thea/ an/ the。 Eg1 A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. _ water was sweet. Eg2 We are living in _ Information Age. Eg3 Youll get _ sec

18、ond chance in the next exam.Thethea3. 3. 代词代词 人称代词（主格人称代词（主格 宾格）、物主代词（形容词性和宾格）、物主代词（形容词性和名词性）、反身代词，名词性）、反身代词，以及以及不定代词，不定代词，如如one, none, another, both,either等。等。 解题技巧：细读解题技巧：细读句子句子，找出，找出指代关系指代关系。 Eg1 The shorttempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help _ rice crop grow up quickly. Eg2 W

19、e make _ a rule that we get up at 6:30 every day.hisit4. 4. 介词介词 解题技巧：分析句式结构，根据解题技巧：分析句式结构，根据句意句意使用使用恰当的介词。（固定搭配）恰当的介词。（固定搭配） Eg1 The young man went home _ a happy heart. Eg2 Teachers tell us to take good care _ old people. Eg3 _ a rainy day, the little boy was alone at homewithofOn5. 5. 固定搭配固定搭配 考点

20、：固定搭配中的考点：固定搭配中的名词、介词、冠词、名词、介词、冠词、连词连词等。等。 Eg1 It is very important to keep classes in _ . Eg2 Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much _ too little. Eg3 As _ result, he is unwilling to talk to strangers.ordernora6. 6. 过渡词语过渡词语 & & 特殊句式特殊句式考点一：过渡词语常用

21、在考点一：过渡词语常用在两句话两句话或者或者两段之两段之间间，完成上下文间的，完成上下文间的过渡过渡。 常用的词常用的词：however, then, lately, finally, for example, for one thing 考点二：考点二：特殊句式特殊句式也是语法填空的又一考点。也是语法填空的又一考点。常用句式常用句式：It is/ was that, It is/ was the first/ second time that+ 从句； It seems as if ; There is no doubt . Why not .? ; Why dont you ? A few

22、 years ago I had an expensive bottle of wine _1_(wrap) with a piece of red and green silk, and left _2_ in our post-box as a Christmas gift for our letter carrier, Larry. The bottle was gone the next day, _3_ to my surprise and disappointment, Larry never thanked me _4_ the present. I soon brushed i

23、t off, _5_(know) Larrys route was long and she would receive too _6_ presents to have sent thank-you notes. That spring _7_ we were planning a party, I told my husband that I would go out to buy some wine. He opened _8_ closet door and showed me a bottle with a piece of red and green silk, just the

24、same _9_ the one I had presented to Larry.“_10_dont you use this?” he asked. “Larry left it in our post-box for Christmas.”wrappeditbutforknowingmanywhenaswhythe Once there lived a rich man 1 wanted to do something for the people of his town. 2 first he wanted to find out whether they deserved(值得) h

25、is help. In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed 3 very large stone. Then he 4 (hide ) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow. “Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some diffi

26、culty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. 5 man came along and did the same thing; then another came ,and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove 6 . Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 7 (say) to himself: “The night 8 (be)

27、 very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.” who/thatButahidAnotheritsayingwill be Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 9 (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 10 the stone, he found a bag of money.strengthUnder语语法填空专项练习：法填空专项练习：测评语法填空组二 P117 Passage 1,2,31. 动词形态变化动词形态变化 技巧一技巧一 根据上下文上下文确定时态。时态。 Eg1 One day, Nick was cooking some dilicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he _ (find) that he had run out of salt. 技巧二技巧二 根据主语主语和提示词提示词的逻辑关系逻辑关系确定语态语态。 Eg2