The-Crusades

1、Our aim:to make you acquire a good knowledge of the Crusades in the medieval time.Presenters:1095-1291 1234 Content:introductionreasonsdetailseffectsWhat were the Crusades?The Crusades were a series of defensive wars against Islamic aggression in the Middle Ages and attempts to recapture the Holy La

2、nd from Muslim conquerors in order to allow safe pilgrimage and to protect and maintain the Christian presence there. The Crusades started in 1095 when Pope Claremont preached the First Crusade at the Council of Claremont. The Popes preaching led to thousands immediately affixing the cross to their

3、garments - the name Crusade given to the Holy Wars came from old French word crois meaning cross. What were the reasons ? The reason for the crusades was a war between Christians and Moslems which centered around the city of Jerusalem. The City of Jerusalem held a Holy significance to the Christian

4、religion. The Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem commemorated the hill of crucifixion and the tomb of Christs burial and was visited by Pilgrims. In 1065 Jerusalem was taken by the Turks and 3000 Christians were massacred starting a chain of events which contributed to the cause of the crusad

5、es. Some details about the CrusadesTimelineThe First Crusade : 1096 to 1099The Second Crusade : 1147 to 1149The Third Crusade : 1189 to 1192The Fourth Crusade : 1201 to 1204The Fifth Crusade : 1218 to 1221The Sixth Crusade : 1228 to 1229The Seventh Crusade : 1248 to 1254The Eighth Crusade : 1270the

6、Childrens Crusade : 1212 The First Crusade-lasted from 1095-1099, established the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, providing more lands for the crusading knights, who often travelled across Europe to try their fortunes and to visit the Holy Sepulchre. The Fall of Jerusalem - the Last CrusadesThe kingdom

7、of Jerusalem was gradually lost until the last Christian city, Acre, fell in 1291. The dream of returning to the Holy Land nonetheless proved popular.What were the effects ? The effects on Europe of the Middle Ages -an important factor in the history of the progress of civilization. It influenced th

8、e wealth and power of the Catholic Church, Politics, commerce, feudalism, intellectual development, social effects, material effects and it also prompted the famous Voyages of discovery and the Renaissance. The crusaders atrocities against Jews in the German and Hungarian towns, later also in those of France and England, and in the massacres of non-combatants in Palestine and Syria have passed into Jewish popular history as a dark legend. The social position of the J