常用超声术语英文缩略词

1、常用超声术语英文缩略词超声科医生在日常工作及科研工作中经常接触到一些英文术语及缩略词， 有必要对常见的超声术语予以一定的了解及掌握， 下面对在英文文献及教科书中经常出现的术语总结如下。 取术语中每个单词的首位字母即组成缩略词（如胆总管common bile duct 缩略词为 CBD ） 。当然， 不是所有的所谓术语都具有缩略词， 除了一部分被普遍承认的缩略词外， 在使用英文术语时应尽量用全称。【超声基础方面】超声成像ultrasonic imaging实时成像real-time imaging灰阶显示gray scale display彩阶显示color scale display经颅多普勒

2、transcranial doppler彩色多普勒血流显像 color doppler flow imaging彩色血流造影 color flow angiography彩色多普勒能量图 color doppler energy彩色能量图color power angio超声内镜ultrasound endoscope超声导管ultrasound catheter血管内超声 intravascular ultrasound血管内超声显像intravascular ultrasonic imaging管腔内超声显像intraluminal ultrasonic imaging腔内超声显像endo

3、luminal sonography心内超声显像intracardiac ultrasonic imaging内镜超声扫描endoscopic ultrasonography内镜超声技术endosonography膀胱镜超声技术cystosonography阴道镜超声技术vaginosonography经阴道彩色多普勒显像 transvaginal color doppler imaging经直肠超声扫描transrectal ultrasonography直肠镜超声（技术） rectosonography经尿道扫查transurethral scanning介入性超声intervention

4、al ultrasound术中超声监视intraoperative ultrasonic monitoring超 声 引 导 经 皮 肝 穿 刺 胆 管 造 影 ultrasound guided percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography超声引导经皮穿刺注射乙醇US guided percutaneous alcohol injection超声引导经皮胆囊胆汁引流US guided percutaneous gallbladder bile drainage超声引导经皮抽吸US guided percutaneous aspiration超声引导胎儿组

5、织活检 US guided fetal tissue biopsy超声引导经皮肝穿刺门静脉造影 US guided percutaneous transhepatic portography三维显示 three dimensional display三维图像重建3D image reconstruction组织特性成像tissue specific imaging动态成像dynamic imaging数字成像 digital image血管显像angiography声像图法echography sonography声像图sonogram echogram多用途探头multipurpose sc

6、anner宽频带探头wide-band probe环阵相控探头phased annular array probe术中探头intraoperative porbe穿刺探头ultrasound guided probe食管探头transesophagel probe经食管超声心动图探头transesophagel echocardiography probe阴道探头transvaginal probe直肠探头transrectal probe尿道探头transurethral probe膀胱探头intervesical probe腔内探头intracavitaryprobe内腔探头endo-pr

7、obe导管超声探头catheter-based US probe扫描方式scan mode线阵 linear array凸阵 convex array扇扫 sector scanning传感器sensor换能器 transducer放大器amplifier阻尼器buffer解调器、检波器 demodulator触发器trigger零位调整 zero adjustment定标、校正calibration快速时间常数电路 fast time constant自动增益控制automatic gain control深度增益补偿depth gain compensation时间增益补偿time gai

8、n compensation对数压缩logarithmic compression灵敏度时间控制sensitivity time control动态范围dynamic range消除 erase, eliminate变换shift倒置、反转invert消除clear注释annotation放大magnification , magnify , zoom写入write记录record聚焦focus帧率frame rate冻结freeze字符character抑制rejection, reject, suppression增益gain帧相关 frame correlation回放rendering

9、 ,playback彩色极性color polarity彩色边界color edge彩色增强color enhance菜单选择 menu selection彩色余辉color persistence彩色捕获color capture彩色壁滤波color wall filter彩色速度显像 color velocity imaging彩色转向color steering彩色消除color cut彩色锁定color lock成像数据imaging data预设置preset前处理pre process后处理post process重调、复原 reset动态频率扫描dynamic frequency

10、 scanning焦距 focal distance动态聚焦dynamic focusing滑动聚焦sliging focusing区域聚焦zone focusing连续聚焦sequential focusing电子聚焦electric focusing分段聚焦segment focusing多段聚焦multistage focusing全场连续聚焦confocusing图像均匀性image uniformity运动辨别力motion discrimination穿透深度penetration depth空间分辨力 spatial resolution瞬时分辨力temporal resolut

11、ion帧分辨力 frame resolution图像线分辨力 image-line resolution对比分辨力 contrast resolution细节分辨力 detail resolution多普勒取样容积doppler sample volume多普勒流速分布分辨力 doppler flow-velocity distributive resolution多普勒流向分辨力 doppler flow-direction resolution多普勒最低流速分辨力doppler minimum flow-velocity resolution彩色多普勒空间分辨力spatial resolu

12、tion of color doppler彩色多普勒时间分辨力time resolution of color doppler彩色多普勒最低流速分辨力 minimum flow-velocity of color doppler彩色多普勒强度color doppler level彩色多普勒处理功能板CFM processing board彩色视频监视器color video monitor【解剖学方面】1、颅脑大脑 cerebrum大脑纵裂longitudinalcerebral fissure大脑皮质cerebral大脑镰falx cerebri大脑导水管，中脑水管cerebral aque

13、duct中脑 midbrain, mesencephalon小脑 cerebellum小脑幕 tentorium cerebelli丘脑，视丘 thalmus延髓 medulla oblongata侧脑室 lateral ventricle第三脑室third ventricle第四脑室fourth ventricle第五脑室fifth ventricle脑桥 ，桥脑 pons脑干 brain stem间脑diencephalon中间块intermidiate mass尾状核caudate nucleus脉络丛choroid plexus胼胝体corpus callosum脑岛，岛叶 insul

14、a大脑脚cerebral peduncles大脑外侧沟（窝、裂） lateral sulcus , sylvius fissure穹窿 fornix透明隔 septum pellucidum透明隔腔 cavity of septum pellucidum额叶 frontal lobe顶叶 parietal lobe枕叶occipital lobe颞叶temporale lobe缘叶limbic lobe大脑动脉环Willi's artery circle大脑前动脉anterior cerebral artery大脑中动脉middle cerebral artery大脑后动脉poster

15、ior cerebral artery基底动脉 basilar artery前交通支（动脉）anterior communicating branch后交通支（动脉）posterior communicating branch颅前窝，凹anterior cranial fossa颅中窝，凹middle cranial fossa颅后窝，凹posterior cranial fossa2、眼、面颈、涎腺、乳腺、胸肺眼球 optic bulb ,eyeball角膜 cornea前房 anterior chamber虹膜 iris睫状体ciliary body视网膜retina脉络膜choroid巩

16、膜 sclera房水 aqueous humour玻璃体vitreous玻璃体膜hyaloid membrae晶状体lens（眼）直肌recti muscles视神经optic nerve眶上动脉 supraorbital artery眼动脉ophthalmic artery视网膜中央动脉 central retinal artery睫状后长（短）动脉 posterior long （short） ciliary artery泪腺动脉 lacrimal gland artery滑车上动脉 supratrochlear artery眼静脉 ophthalmic vein眶上静脉 suprorbi

17、tal vein滑车上静脉 supratrochlear vein视网膜中央静脉 central retinal vein涡状静脉 vorticose veins眼眶 orbit结膜 conjunctiva唾液腺、涎腺 salivary gland腮腺 parotid (gland)颌下腺submaxillary gland舌下腺sublingual gland甲状腺thyroid (gland )甲状旁腺 parathyroid (gland )上颌窦maxillary sinus气管trachea食管esophagus乳腺breast, mammary gland额 front枕 occi

18、put颞 temples颊 cheek胸廓、胸腔thorax, thorax cavity肋骨 ribs, costae肋软骨 costal cartilages胸骨sternum乳腺组织 breast tissue悬韧带 suspensory ligament, Copper's ligament乳腺后组织retromammary tissue横膈 diaphragm颈总动脉 common carotid artery颈外动脉external carotid artery颈内动脉internal carotid artery椎动脉 vertebral artery无名动脉innomi

19、nate artery颈内静脉internal jugular vein甲状腺上动脉 superior thyroid artery乳房内动脉 internal mammary artery3、腹部血管、周围血管腹主动脉abdominal aorta腹腔动脉celiac artery肠系膜上动脉superior mesenteric artery肠系膜下动脉inferior mesenteric artery肝总动脉common hepaticartery肝动脉hepatic artery胃左动脉 left gastric artery胃十二指肠动脉 gastroduodenal artery

20、脾动脉splenic artery肾动脉renal artery卵巢动脉ovarian artery髂总动脉common iliac artery髂内动脉internal iliac artery髂外动脉external iliac artery锁骨下动脉subclavian artery椎动脉vertebral artery乳房内动脉internal mammary artery颈内静脉internal jugular vein颈外静脉external jugular vein腋静脉axillary vein奇静脉azygos vein大隐静脉great saphenous vein下腔静脉

21、inferior vena cava门静脉portal vein肠系膜上静脉 superior mesenteric vein肝静脉hepatic vein肾静脉renal vein腰静脉lumbar vein精索静脉spermatic vein肾弓形动脉 renal arcuate arteries股动脉femoral artery肱动脉humeral artery桡动脉radial artery尺动脉 ulnar artery面动脉facial artery锁骨下动脉 subclavian artery颈浅动脉superficial cervical artery颞浅动脉superfici

22、al temporal artery4、肝、胆、胰、脾、泌尿男生殖肝左叶left liver lobe(LL)肝右叶right liver lobe(RL)尾状叶caudate lobe(CL)方叶 quadrate lobe(QL)附垂叶Riedel's lobe胆囊 gallbladder(GB)胆囊管 cystic duct(CD)肝管 hepatic duct(HD)胆总管 common bile duct (CBD)肝门 porta hepatis胆囊窝 gallbladder forssa肝圆韧带 hepatoumbilical ligament, round ligame

23、nt肝镰状韧带falciform ligament肝静脉韧带venose ligament胆管、胆道bile duct(BD)螺旋状瓣spiral valve肝总管 common hepatic duct肝外胆管extrahepatic duct乏特壶腹Vater's ampulla胰腺pancreas胰管pancreatic duct , Wirsung's duct副胰管 Santorini duct胰头head of pancreas胰颈neck of pancreas胰体body of pancreas胰尾tail of pancreas钩突uncinate proce

24、ss脾 spleen脾门splenic hilum肾周脂肪perinephrit fat集合系统collective system肾 kedney肾盂renal calyes锥体pyramids肾柱renal colums肾上腺adrenal gland输尿管ureters, ureteral , uretero膀胱urinary bladder , bladder尿道urethra睾丸testis附睾epididymis鞘膜tunica vagialis, vagina tunic白膜tunica albuginea , albuginea输精管 ductus deferens, deferent duct精囊vesiculae seminals, seminal vesicle射精管ejaculatory ducts阴囊scrotum, scrotal sac精索spermatic cord腹股沟inguen前列腺prostate5、妇产科子宫 uterus输卵管uterine tube, oviduct卵巢 ovary, ovaries子宫颈cervix子宫腔uterine canal子宫内膜 endometriosis子宫直肠陷凹 rectouterine fossa子宫内口 internal ostium of