Revisingusefulstructureunit4选修7

1、Unit 4SharingRevising useful structureThe Restrictive Attributive Clause Revision of Restrictive Attributive Clause1. 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词先行词。限定性定语从句是先。限定性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句的意思往往不明确行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句的意思往往不明确或不完整；而非限定性定语从句和主句的关系不密切，或不完整；而非限定性定语从句和主句的关系不密切

2、，去掉定语从句，句子的意思仍然完整。去掉定语从句，句子的意思仍然完整。2. 引导定语从句的引导定语从句的关系代词关系代词有：有：which, that, who, whom和和whose。其。其作用作用是：引导定语从句；代替先是：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在定语从句中充当一定成分。行词；在定语从句中充当一定成分。3. 引导定语从句的引导定语从句的关系副词关系副词有：有：where, when, why等，等，相当于相当于“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”。注：介词提前时注：介词提前时关系代词关系代词只用只用which和和whom先行词先行词是物是物先行词先行词是人是人定语定语地点地点状语状语时间时

3、间状语状语原因原因状语状语主主宾宾主主宾宾关系关系代词代词which thatwhowhomwhose关系关系副词副词wherewhenwhy1、作、作主语主语用用who, which和和that。如：。如： He is the man who / that lives next door. The train which / that has just left is for Shenzhen.2、作、作宾语宾语用用whom, who, which, that。 如：如： The man (whom / who / that) we have just seen is a famous wr

4、iter. Where is the book (which / that) I bought last week?注：注：在非正式文体中，在非正式文体中，关系代词作宾语关系代词作宾语时，时，用于用于指人指人的的who whom, that和用于和用于指物指物的的which和和that通常可以省略；但在介词提前时通常可以省略；但在介词提前时,或在非限定性定语从句中，关系代词即使作或在非限定性定语从句中，关系代词即使作宾语也不可省略。宾语也不可省略。3、作、作定语定语用用whose。如。如： (a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week. (b

5、) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.：“whose +名词名词”这一结构在定语从句中既能这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如上作主语（如上a句），又能作宾语（如上句），又能作宾语（如上b句）；可句）；可以与以与of which 结构互换，词序是：结构互换，词序是：“名词名词+of which”。如：。如： They came to a house whose back wall had broken down. (= the back wall of which) Hes written a boo

6、k the name of which Ive completely forgotten. (= whose name)4、作、作表语表语只用只用that，既可以指人，也可以指物。，既可以指人，也可以指物。 He is no longer the man that he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be. 用用that引导定语从句的情况：引导定语从句的情况：1）序数词或最高级形容词修饰先行词时，要用）序数词或最高级形容词修饰先行词时，要用that。 The first English novel

7、 that I read was A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens.2)all, everything, nothing, something, anything 等不等不定代词作先行词时用定代词作先行词时用that。 Everything that we saw in the factory greatly interested us.3)先行词既指人又指物时，要用先行词既指人又指物时，要用that。 We were talking about the persons and things that we remembered in our sc

8、hool.4)先行词前有先行词前有the only, the very, the right, the same等等修饰时，要用修饰时，要用that。 It is the very skirt that suits me well.5) 在疑问词在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中，要开头的句子中，要用用that。 Whoever that is content with a little progress cant make big achievements.6) 关系代词在定语从句中作表语只用关系代词在定语从句中作表语只用that。 He is no longer the ma

9、n that he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be.1、when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如：等。如： I still remember the time when I first became a college student. Do you know the date when Lincoln was born?注：注：when时常可以省略，

10、特别是在某些句型和某些时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。例如：时间状语中。例如： Each time he came, he did his best to help us. But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill.2、where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：通常有：place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等，如：等，如：This is the hotel where they are st

11、aying. I forget the house where the Smiths lived.注：注：where有时也可以省略。如：有时也可以省略。如： This is the place (where) we met yesterday.3、why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。 That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 注：注：why时常也可以省略。如：时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he did it.1.Ill never forget the days _

12、 we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave. when / in whichwhichwhere / in whichwhichwhy / for whichthat /which

13、Finish the sentences with the correct pronouns.1.We live in an age _ more information is available with greater ease than ever before. （2012 浙江）浙江） A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which2. Care of the soul is a gradual process _ even the small details of life should be considered. （2012 湖南）湖南） A. wha

14、t B. in what C. which D. in which高考真题高考真题BD3. The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination. （2011 全国全国I） A. that B. which C. whose D. what4. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other. （2011福建）福建） A. which B. w

15、here C. what D. who CA5. Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually. （2010 福建）福建） A. thatB. where C. which D. whose6. Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year. （2010 湖南）湖南） A. who B. where C. when D. whichBA7. The girl arranged to