人教版八年级英语下册第四单元学案

1、人教版八年级英语下册第四单元学案Section A教师寄语： There will be no regret and sorrow if you fight withall your strength. ( 只要全力拼搏了， 就没有遗憾， 没有后悔。 )一、学习目标：1) Important words: mad, anymore, message, suppose, hard-working2) Important phrases: watch soap operas, be supposed to do, first of all, pass on, sth. happen on &

2、;#8230;3) Important Sentences She said she was mad at Marcia. She said she was having a party for Lana. What happened on “Young Lives” last night? You are supposed to meet at the bus stop to return it.4) Grammar: 直接引语和间接引语二、重点难点：1.直接引语与间接引语之间的转化；2.区分 bring/take ；三、学习过程：Step1 单元语法

3、讲解： （直接引语和间接引语）(一) 直接引语和间接引语的含义：引述别人的话时， 一般采用两种形式： 一是引用别人的原话，两边用引号标出， 称为直接引语； 二是用自己的语言转述别人的话，称为间接引语。间接引语在句中实际上就是宾语从句。(二) 直接引语变间接引语的方法：1.从句人称的变化：由直接引语变间接引语时，从句的主语人称要遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则。1） 直接引语的主语是第一人称时，变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致。eg: They said,“We will go thereby bus”他们说 “ 我们将乘公共汽车去那儿

4、” 。→ They said they would go there by bus.他们说他们将乘公共汽车去那儿。 He said,“I am visiting my aunt next week.”→ He said that he was visiting his aunt next week.2）如果直接引语的主语是第二人称，变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致。eg: She said to me,“Are you interested inscience?&

5、#8221;她对我说： “ 你对自然科学感兴趣吗？ ” → She asked me if /whether I was interested in science. 她问我是否对自然科学感兴趣。 He said to me,“You are hard-working.” → He told me that I was hard-working.3）如果直接引语的主语是第三人称时，变为间接引语时人称保持不变。eg: His mother said to me,&#82

6、20; He can’t go toschool.”他的妈妈对我说：“ 他不能去上学 ” 。→ His mother told me that he couldn’t go toschool.他妈妈告诉我他不能去上学了。2.从句时态的变化：1） 如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，直接引语变间接引语时，从局的时态保持不变。eg: He says,“I am visiting my aunt next week.”他说： &#822

7、0; 我下周要去看望我的姑姑” 。→ He says that he is visiting his aunt next week.2）如果主句的时态为一般过去时，从句的时态要做相应的变化。 一般现在时改为一般过去时； 现在进行时改为过去进行时； 一般将来时改为过去将来时。注意：如果直接引语为客观真理、客观事实、自然现象时，变为间接引语时，时态不做变化。eg: The teacher said to us ,“Light travels faster than sound”.老师告诉我们： “

8、光传播的速度要比声音传播的速度要快 ” 。→ The teacher told us that Light travels faster than sound.3.句型的变化：1）如果直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时要用that 来引导， that 可省略。eg: He said,“I like watchingTV.” 他说： “ 我喜欢看电视 ” 。→ He said that he liked watching TV .2）如果直接引语是一般疑问句，

9、变为间接引语时，需用if或 whether 来引导，且用陈述句语序。 eg: He asked me,“Will you buy the red coat?”他问我： “ 你要买那件红外套吗？ ” → He asked me if/whether I would buy the red coat.3）如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，引导词就是特殊疑问词，且用陈述句语序。eg: She askedme,“Where are you from?”她问

10、： “ 你从哪里来的？” →Sheasked me where I was from.4）如果直接引语是祈使句，变间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词变为不定如： tell(ask , order ,…) sb. (not) to do sth.eg: “Open the door.” The teacher said to me. → The teacher told me to open the door. “Don’t open the door.” The teacher said to me.→The teacher told me not to open the door.语法针对性练习：1.She said she _ sorry for being late.A.isB.wasC.wereD.are2.I asked her _.A.why does she want to