英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析

1、单元知识点总结及重难点解析Unit1-2重点短语1. be fond of爱好 2. treatas把看作为 3. make friends with 与交朋友 4. argue with sb. about / over sth. 与某人争论某事 5. hunt for寻找 6. in order to为了 7. sharewith与分享 8. bring in引进；赚钱 9. a great / good many许多 10. have difficulty (in) doing做有困难 11. end up with以结束 12. except for除之外 13. come about

2、发生 14. make(a)fire生火 15. make yourself at home别拘束 16. the majority of大多数 17. drop sb. a line给某人写短信 18. for the first time第一次 19. at all根本；竟然 20. have a (good) knowledge of精通单词聚焦1. argue v. 的用法 构词：argument n. 1. C争论 2. U讨论辩论3. C论据 搭配： argue with / against sb. over / on / about sth. 与某人 争论某事 argue for

3、 / against sth. 辩论赞成反对某事 argue that. 主张，认为，争辩说 argue sb into / out of doing sth. 说服某人做不做某事 友情提示：“说服某人做不做某事”还可表达为：talk / persuade / reason sb. into / out of doing sth. settle the argument 解决争端 友情提示：an argument with sb about / over sth. 为某事和某人而发生的争执2. compare v. 的用法 构词：comparison n. 比较搭配： compare.to.

4、比拟；比作 compare. with / to. 将和相比较 compare notes 对笔记；交换意见3. consider v. 的用法 构词：consideration n. 考虑，思考；体谅，顾及搭配： consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 consider sb (to be / as). 认为觉得某人 consider that- clause 认为 take sth into consideration 考虑 under consideration 在考虑中4. deserted adj. 空无一人的；被遗弃的；被抛弃的(1) 空无一人的a deserted s

5、treet / area空无一人的街道，地区(2) 被遗弃的 a deserted child 被遗弃的孩子(3) desert 'dezot n. 沙漠 dI'zo:t vt. 丢弃；遗弃5. difficulty n. (1) difficulty (通常作复数) 难事，难点，难题 (2) 在以下句型中，difficulty是不可数名词，不能用复数形式。干某事有困难have (some) difficulty (in) doing sth/with sth. there is (some) difficulty (in) doing sth.在某事上有困难there is

6、(some) difficulty with sth.困难地轻而易举地做某事 do sth. with difficulty / without difficulty 【注意】(1) 以上句型中，difficulty前可加some, little, much, a lot of, no, any修饰(2) 以上句型中，亦可用trouble来代替difficulty。6. favourite = favorite (A. E) 最喜爱的；最喜爱的人或事物 (1) adj. 最喜爱的 (2) n. C 最喜爱的人或事物7. fun的用法 构词：funny adj. 有趣的滑稽的，好笑的；奇特的，古

7、怪的搭配： make fun of 取笑；嘲弄；开某人的玩笑 (just)for / in fun = (just) for the fun of it 取乐，非认真地，说做着玩的 be full of fun 很好玩 have fun with sb. 和某人开一个玩笑 have (some) fun 玩得(很)高兴，玩得(很)开心 It's (great) fun to do sth干某事很有趣；干某事真是一件趣事；干某事真开心 What fun (it is) to do sth! 干某事多么有趣呀! have a lot of fun doing sth 干某事玩得很开心8.

8、imagine的用法构词： imagination n. C / U 想像，想像力，想像的事物 imaginative adj. 富有想像力的搭配： imagine sth / doing sth beyond (all) imagination (完全)出乎意料地9. interest的用法 vt. 使感兴趣 n. 兴趣，爱好 U 利息；利润 a broad interest 广泛的利益 a common interest 共同的利益 a strong interest 极强的兴趣 构词： interesting 令人感兴趣的(事物) interested (某人对某事)有兴趣的搭配： in

9、terest sb in sth 使某人注意，关心或参入某事；使某人对某事感兴趣 be interested in 对感兴趣(关心) have an interest in sth. / in doing sth. 对某方面有兴趣 (关心)；在中有股份、权益等 hold one's interest 吸引住某人的兴趣 in the interest(s) of 为利益；为起见；对有利 lose interest in 对不再感兴趣 show / take (an) interest in / in doing sth. 对表示关心(有兴趣) have / take / feel no

10、interest in 对不 (不太) 感兴趣 with interest 有兴趣地，津津有味地 develop / find / feel interest in sth. / in doing sth. 在某方面培养有兴趣 ? lose interest in sth. / in doing sth. 对某方面失去兴趣有时interest可与不定冠词连用。He developed an interest in science.另外：interest作“爱好”解时，是可数名词。 His interests include reading and tennis.10. prove的用法 构词：

11、 proof n. 证据。试验，考验，(印刷)校样搭配： prove sth to sb 向某人证实 prove to sb that 从句向某人证实 prove (oneself) to be 证明(自己)是，表现出11. provide的用法 构词： provider n. 供给者，供应者，养家者 provided / providing conj. 倘若搭配：provide sb with sth / sth to sb 给提供；以装备12. share的用法搭配： share (in) sth. with sth. 和某人分享、分担、共用某物 share sth (out) betwe

12、en / among. 将某物分配、分给 share joys / happiness and sorrows (with sb) (和某人) 同甘共苦 share one's opinion 同意某人的意见13. solve的用法 构词solution n. 1. C (问题的)解答;(困难的)解决方法 2. U 解答，解决 3. U 溶解搭配：the solution to 解决的办法14. total n. / adj. 全部(的) (1) in total 加起来 (2) a total of 总共 (3) the total of.的总数 15. when conj. 并列连

13、词，= and then，表示“就在那时，突然”，常见以下句型中：(1) be doing.when.正在做突然(2) had done.when.刚做了突然(3) be about to do.when.刚要做突然16. while conj. (1) while从属连词，引导时间状语从句，从句动词用延续性动词，主句的动作发生在从句动作发生的过程之中。 (2) 并列连词，表前后两个分句意义相反或相对，意为“然而”。 (3)放在句首，表示“尽管；虽然”，相当于although。【词语比较】1. especially, speciallyespecially adv. 特殊地；尤其是(1) 侧重

14、于多种事物或人中比较突出的。I like all the subjects at school, especially English. (尤其是英语)(2) especially 后可接介词短语或从句。I like the Yuelu Mountains, especially in spring. (尤其是在春天) specially 侧重特意地、专门地做某事(后面常接for sb.或to do sth.) I made a chocolate cake specially for you.2. boring, bored, bore boring adj. 令人厌烦的 bored adj

15、. 感到厌烦的 bore vt. 令人厌烦 有些表示情感的及物动词，有与bore类似的用法。如：interest, excite, surprise, amaze, frighten, astonish, move, inspire, touch, scare, disappoint, puzzle, worry 这类词的现在分词形式，为“令人”；过去分词形式，为“感到”。3. except for, except, but, besides 表示“除了”的词或短语有：except; but; except for; besides; except that (when.) 等。 (1) ex

16、cept 和 but 都表示“除了之外。没有”，二者大多数情况下可以互换；但在no, all, nobody, nothing, no one 等词后多用 but。No one knows our teacher's address except / but him. (排除him) (2) besides 除之外，还，有附加性。What other foreign languages do you know besides English? (English与other languages都属于know的范围) (3) except for 只不过，整体肯定，部分修正，用于排除非同类

17、事物，for表示细节上的修正。 Your article is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.4. know, know of, know about (1) know 用作动词，意思是“(直接地)获知，懂得，认识，熟悉”。I don't know whether he is here or not. / I know him to be honest. (2) know of和know about的意思都是“(间接地)获知”，指听别人说到或从书报上看到，二者没有什么区别。5. for example; such as

18、(1) for example“例如”，用来举例说明某一论点或情况。一般只举同类人或物中的“一个”为例，作插入语，可位于句首、句中或句末。可用for instance替换。For example, air is invisible. / His spelling is terrible! Look at this word, for example. (2) such as “例如”，用来列举事物，一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。插在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，as后面不可有逗号。Some of the European Languages come from Latin, such as

19、 French, Italian and Spanish. 注意如把前面所述情况全部举出，用that is或namely。短语归纳1. 含all的短语(1) first of all 首先 (强调顺序) (2) in all (=in total=altogether) 总共 (3) after all 毕竟，终究 (4) at all 到底，根本 (5) above all 最重要的是 (强调重要性) (6) all the time 始终，一直(7) not (.) at all (= not (.) in the least) 根本不，一点也不 (8) all of a sudden (

20、=suddenly) 突然，冷不防 (9) all right 行，可以 (10) all at once 立刘，马上 (11) all day and all night 日日夜夜 (12) all over 遍及 (13) all alone 独个儿，独立地 (14) all but 几乎，差一点 (15) all in all 总的说来(16) all together 一道，同时，总共 (17) for all 尽管2. at all (1)用在肯定句中，“竟然” I'm surprised that you came at all. (2)用在否定句中，“一点也不” Ther

21、e was nothing to worry about at all. (3)用在疑问句中，“到底”“究竟” Have you been there at all? (4)用在条件句中，“真的，确实” If you do it at all, do it well.3. 含“be + 形容词 + 介词”的短语(1) be good at 擅长于 (2) be interested in 对感兴趣 (3) be pleased / satisfied / content with 对满意 (4) be famous for 因而出名 (5) be kind / good to 对好 (6) b

22、e lost in 沉湎于 (7) be active in 在某方面积极 (8) be sure about / of 确信 (9) be afraid of 害怕 (10) be full of 充满 (11) be filled with 充满 (12) be made of / from 由组成 (13) be generous to 对慷慨(14) be popular with 受欢迎 (15) be confident of 确信 (16) be fond of 喜欢，喜爱 (17) be angry with / at 对发脾气 (18) be amazed / surpris

23、ed / astonished / shocked at 对感到惊讶(19) be busy doing 忙着做 (20) be late for 迟到 (21) be excited about 对感到兴奋 (22) be worried about 担心 (23) be used for / as 用于 (24) be curious about 对好奇4. end up with.以结束 (1) end up with + n. 以结束 The party ended up with the singing of Auld Lang Syne. (2) end up as.最后成为 He

24、 will end up as a president some day. (3) end up + 地点状语最后(有结局) If you drive your car like that, you'll end (up) in hospital.5. “make + 名词” 短语 make a noise 吵闹 make faces 做鬼脸，做苦脸 make room for 给腾出地方 make the bed 整理床铺 make phone calls 打电话 make friends with 交朋友 make money 赚钱 make use of 利用 make a de

25、cision 做出决定 make a mistake 犯错误6. 有以下fire (n.) 短语 be on fire 着火了(表示状态) catch fire 燃着；着火(表示动作) play with fire 玩火；干冒险的事 Set sth. on fire = set fire to sth. 放火烧 make (a) fire 点火；生火 start (cause) a fire引起火灾 注意 fire作“火灾”“一堆火”解时，为可数名词。7. a great / good many许多(1) a great / good many + 名词复数，中间无“of”。A great m

26、any people have seen the film.(2) a great / good many + of + the / these / those / one's + 名词复数 A great many of the people have seen the film.8. make yourself at home 别拘束 (1) make yourself at home 别拘束(主人对客人说的委婉语) (2) (all) by oneself 独自(没有别人帮助) You can't possibly do it all by yourself. (3) e

27、njoy oneself = have a good time 玩得高兴 (4) for oneself 亲自; 为自己 One should not live for oneself alone. (5) of oneself 自动地 The door closed of itself suddenly. (6) be oneself 身体或情绪好 I am not myself today. (7) help oneself to + n. / pron. 随便 Please help yourself to the fish (8) in oneself 本身 This is not a

28、 bad idea in itself. (9) come to oneself 苏醒 The injured man came to him- self in five minutes. (10) between ourselves 私下说的话 All this is between ourselves.9. the majority of. 大多数的 (1) a / the majority of + 名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词多用复数。the majority 单独作主语，谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可。The majority of people seem to prefer watc

29、hing games to playing games./ The majority were (was) in favour of the proposal.(2) by a majority of + 数字，以超过票的多数 She won the election by a majority of 900 votes.10. treat as 把看做 【比较】 表示“认为”的短语还有：regardas consider(as) think ofaslook on / uponas takefor 注意 在consideras短语中as可省略，其他短语中不可。【句型归纳】1. so的常见句型

30、有：(1) so + be / 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语 (意为“主语也 ” )(2) neither / nor + be / 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语(意为“主语也不” )(3) so it is / was with sb / sth和so it is / was the same with sb / sth (意为“主语也” ) (用在前文有两个或以上的从句，而且分句有不同的谓语或既有肯定又有否定以及既有系动词义有行为动词的情况)(4) so + 主语 + be / 助动词 / 情态动词 (意为“主讲确实如此”)，表示进一步肯定。(5) 主语 + did + so (意为“

31、主语按照吩咐做了”)。2. 常见句型：(1) such + a / an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + that clause(2) such + 形容词 + 复数可数名词 + that clause(3) such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that clause(4) so + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词 + that clause(5) so + 形容词 / 副词 + that clause(6) so + many / few + 复数可数名词 + that clause(7) so + much / little + 不可数名词 + that clause注

32、意： 当little不表示数量“少”而表示“小”的意思时，仍然 要用such。 当so + adj. / adv. 或 such + n. 位于句首时，主句需要倒装。3. when做连词的常见句型：(1) be about to do sth when. (2) be doing sth when. (3) be on the point of doing sth when.4.在句子中作同的状语的常见句型有五种结构：to do sth / in order to do sth / so as to do sth / in order that clause / so that clause注

33、意：(1) so as to do sth 不能位于句首。(2) 如果主句与从句的主语一致时，四个结构可以相互转换。(3) 在in order that / so that 引导的从句中，谓语动词常与can, could, may, might 等情态动词连用。5. 1). 该句中的“while"用作并列连词表示前后对比，意为 “然而”。“while"充当连词，还能引导时间状语从句。意为“during the time that”；引导让步状语从句，意 为“although”。2).常见的系动词有:say, become, get, turn, grow, go, come

34、, run, fall, keep, stay, remain。7. for the first time 第一次(1) for the first time 第一次，后面不加从句，在句中作状语 (2) the first time 名词短语，在从句中充当连词，后接时间状语从句，不接that，when等连词。有同样用法的短语还有：every time; next time; the last time(3) It's / This is the first time that + 从句(用现在完成时)这是的第一次8.强调句的用法：(1) 结构：It is / It was (过去时间)

35、 + 被强调部分 + that / who (专指人) + 其他部分(2) 用法：除了谓语动词不能强调，句子的每部分均可强调。 (3) 注意点：一般疑问句的强调句：Was it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now? 特殊疑问句的强凋句：Who is it that ? Where is it that? When was it that ?not until 用于强调句： It was not until then that I realized I was wrong.单元知识点总结及重难点解析Unit3-4重点短语1. get away from 逃离 2.

36、 watch / look out 注意，当心 3. go for a hike / go hiking 去徒步旅游 4. as with 正如一样 5. see off 为某人送行 6. on the other hand 在另一方 7. take care of 照顾 8. get close / near to 接近，凑近 9. tree after tree 一棵又一棵的树 10. as wall as 也，和一样(好)11. protectfrom 保护不受的伤害 12. be surprised at 因而吃惊 13. be caught / trapped / struck in

37、 被困住 14. take place 发生 15. go through 通过，经过；经历(痛苦的事) 16. be upon 临近，逼近 17. hold on to 紧紧抓住 18. refer to 提到，说到；查询(信息) 19. look into 注视的内部；检查，调查 20. for fear of (doing) sth. 惟恐单词聚焦1. advance的用法 构词：advanced adj. 高等的先进的，高深的搭配： in advance 在前头，预先，事先 in advance of 在前面；比进步；超过 on the advance (物价)在上涨2. before

38、 的特殊用法 (1) He had run out of the room before I could stop him. (2) Three weeks went by before We knew it. (3) It wasn't / didn't take long before he returned. It won't be long before we graduate. 3. chance的用法搭配： by any chance 万一，碰巧，或许 by chance 偶然，意外地 take a / one's chance 冒一冒险，碰碰运气，

39、利用一下机会4. consider v. (1) 考虑 A) consider + n. / doing B) consider + 疑问词 + to do (2) 认为 A) consider + n. (+as / to be) + n. / adj. B) consider + n. + to have done 除了consideras表认为外，还有regardas，look onas，takeas，think ofas5. cost的用法 构词：costly adj. 昂贵的，贵重的 搭配： cost sb. sth. 花费某人(多少钱)；让某人付出(代价)牺牲 at all cos

40、ts 不惜任何代价无论如何 at any cost 不惜任何代价，无论如何 at cost (price) 按成本价格，按原价 at the cost of 以为代价，用换来的；丧失；牺牲6. effect n. 效果;作用 have an effect on sth. be of no effect 无效 come into effect 开始生效；开始实行 比较 affect vt. 影响 The climate affected the amount of the rainfall.7. experience的用法 构词: experienced adj. 有经验的，熟练的搭配: by

41、experience 凭经验；从经验中 from experience 凭经验；从经验中 gain experience in 获得经验 be experienced in 某方面有经验友情提示: experience这个词作为可数名词用时，解释为“经历”，作为不可数名词用时解释为“经验”。8. fear n. & vt. 构词：fearful adj. 可怕的，严重的；惧怕的，胆怯的；担心的，忧虑的 fearless adj. 不怕的，大胆的，勇敢的，无畏的 (1) n. 恐惧 (多作不可数名词) 忧虑；担心的事(可数) for fear of 由于怕，以防 for fear (th

42、at) 惟恐；怕的是；以防 She worried for fear that the child would be hurt.in fear of 害怕；担心 The thief was in fear of the police. (2) v. 恐惧；害怕 接n. / pron.;接to do;接从句 搭配： be in fear (of) (为而)提心吊胆 for fear of 因为怕；以免，怕的是 for fear that-clause 生怕；为了防止(某事发生) have a fear that-clause 担心怕(发生某事) with fear 吓得，怕得 fear (vi.

43、) for. 担心忧虑9. fun n. 高兴；乐趣；有趣的人或事 (1) for fun 为了高兴；为着好玩 (2) make fun of 开的玩笑；取笑 比较 (1) laugh at 笑(某人)；嘲笑 (2) play a joke on 开(某人的)玩笑10. means n. 手段；办法 (1) by means of 用；依靠 (2) by all means 一定；务必；(表示同意)当然可以，没问题：务必，无论如何，千方百计地 Try by all / every means to persuade him to come. (3) by no means 完全不是；一点也不；

44、决不 This is by no means the first time you have been late. 还有： by this means 用这种方法； by any means 用一切可能的方法或手段11. normal adj. 正常的；正规的 the normal temperature, normal behavior (1) regular 规则的；有规律的 keep regular hours 生活有规律；按时作息 (2) common普通的；常见的 Tom is a common name in Britain. 共有的；共同的 have a common inter

45、est 有着共同爱好 (3) usual 惯常的；惯例的 It's usual with him to go to the office on foot. (4) ordinary 平凡的；普通的 in ordinary dress12. once的用法 搭配： all at once 突然；同时 at once 立刻，马上；同时 (every) once in a while 偶尔，有时，间或 for this once (= for once，just for once) 就这一次;破例一回 more than once 不止一次，多次not once 一次也不 once agai

46、n / more再一次 once and again一再，再三 once or twice 一两次；有时，偶尔 once too often又(多了)一次 once upon a time从前13. prefer v. 宁愿；更喜欢 (1) prefer + n. / pron. (2) prefer + v. ing (3) prefer + to do (4) prefer sb. to do sth. (5) prefer + n. / pron. / doing + to + n. / pron. / doing 喜欢而不喜欢 (6) prefer to do.rather than

47、do = would rather do . than do. 宁愿而不愿 (7) prefer + 从句(谓语动词用should do，should可省略) 14. protect的用法 构词：protection n. 保护(者/物)，防御 搭配：protect sb from / against 防止遭受；使免于，保护使不受15. separate的用法 构词：separation n. U分开，分离 搭配： separate A from B 把A和B分开 A is separated from B by A和B为所分开阻隔 separate sth (up) into 把分成(几分)

48、辨析：separate; divide; part 都含“分开”的意思。separate 指“把原来在一起的人或物分开”。例如: Separate those two boys who are fighting, will you? divide 指“施加外力或自然地把某人或某物由整体分成若干部分”。part指“把密切相关的人或物分开”，还有“分手”之意。词语比较1. wear, put on, have on, dress, be in, try on (1) wear v. 穿着；戴；蓄须(发)；磨损；(脸容)呈现，显出 wear out (把) 穿破；(把) 用坏；(使) 疲乏；(使)

49、耗尽I have worn out my shoes. / My patience wore (was worn) out. (2) put on 穿上；戴上(侧重穿着的动作). (3) dress vt. 给穿衣服 n. 衣服；连衣裙dress sb. (in sth.) 或 be dressed (in sth.) 注意：穿的衣服接在in之后。 (4) have on 表示穿着的状态，注意不能用进行时。 (5) be in表示穿着的状态 There was a girl in red. (6) try on 试穿 2. strike, hit, beat (1) hit vt. 打；敲；击

50、；击中；射中 The stone hit him on the head. 使受到打击 The bad news hit every one hard. (2) beat vt. & vi. 连续有节奏地打；敲 The rain heat against the window. (心)跳动 His heart had stopped beating. (鸟翼) 扑动 The bird beat its wings rapidly as it flew on. 打败；打赢；取胜 Our champion can beat all runners in the country. (3) s

51、trike vt. & vi. 打；敲；击；砍；打中；击中 He struck me with his fist. 发起进攻；袭击 He moved away as the animal struck. 撞；触(礁) His head struck the table as he fell. 擦(火柴) I struck a match and held it to his cigarette. (某种想法) 忽然出现；忽然想起，相当于occur to。A happy thought struck her. 给人深刻印象(常用于被动语态) I was struck by her bea

52、uty. 罢工 They are striking for higher pay. (钟)敲(响) We waited for the clock to strike six.3. complete, finish complete 可作形容词，表示“彻底的；全面的”。complete与finish表示“完成”时的区别。(1) complete 作及物动词，只接 n. 或 pron.，常用于完成预定的任务，工程建设等The railway is not completed yet.(2) finish vi. / vt. 指完成，结束一件事情；可接 n. 或doing。如：finish one

53、's homework / middle school / writing the book短语归纳1. cut down (1) 砍倒 If you cut down all the trees you will rain the land. (2) 减少；削减 I have decided to cut down my smoking.2.含get的短语 get back 回来，恢复，送回 get off下来，动身，起飞 get up 起床，站起来 get on 上(车) get on / along with 与某人相处某事的进展 get together 聚首，碰头 get a

54、way from 逃离 get on one's feet 站起来 get down 下来 get on well with 与相处融洽 get married 结婚 get to 到达 get out 出去，逃脱 get through 通过，接通 get down to 开始着手做某事 get across (使)通过 get(a)round 传开，说服 get in 进入。收获 3. get away (from) (1) 摆脱 Ways must be found to get away from poverty. (2)走开；离开 She didn't get away until nine last night. (3)逃走，使离开The bank robb