中考英语常见动词短语及练习

1、中考英语常见动词短语及练习1. break 相关短语break down 出故障，坏了My car broke down on the way home.在 回家的路上，我的车出故障了。break out 爆发A big fire broke out last night. 昨晚发生了火灾。break into 闯入，破门而入Someone broke into the room and stole a lot of things有. 人闯进了这个房间，偷了很多东西。 break up 打碎，分手Break up the chocolate and melt it.把 巧克力打碎然后融化。Th

2、ey broke up. 他们分手了。2. call相关短语call up 打电话Don't call me up at night. 不要在晚上给我打电话。call out 大喊The boy is calling out in the room. 那个男孩正在房间里大喊。call on 拜访某人We call on our relatives and friends during the Spring Festival.春 节期间我们会走亲访友。call at 拜访某地They called at Mr. Brown's office last week. 上周他们去拜访了

3、布朗先生的办公室。call for 要求This job calls for great patience. 这份工作要求足够的耐心。call off 取消They have to call off the flight because of the fog.由 于大雾，他们不得不取消本次航班。 相关短语 n下跌，落，降，传下来一些鸟从树上落下来拣谷物吃。n进来请进！t出版，开花 当春天到来的时候，许多花都开了。My father 's novel came out last month.我 爸爸的小说上个月出版了。 过来，快点 过来！我的孩子，我要给你一些好吃的东西。g一道来，赶快

4、你可以随同我一起去参加他的晚会。r 走过来 我们经常在散步的时候顺便拜访朋友。p走近The cat came up and caught the mouse这. 只猫走了过来，抓住了那只老鼠。k回来你什么时候回来？m来自 他们俩都来自日本。提出 是谁想出这个好办法的？苏醒The boy came to himself after the docto'rs hard work.实现The Chinese hundred year's中国人民百年奥运梦想最后终于实现了。 发生这是怎么回事？ 偶遇，碰到I came across my teacher in the street在.

5、街上我偶遇了我的老师。4. cut相关短语cut down 砍倒The farmers cut down a lot of trees every year农. 民每年砍伐很多树。cut off 切断He cut off the electricity and left home. 他切断电源，离开了家。 cut up 切碎She cut up the carrots and put them in the pot她. 把胡萝卜切碎放入锅中。5. die相关短语die of死于（内部原因如：疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感）A lot of people died of hunger every day

6、. 每天都有很多人死于饥饿。die from 死于（外界原因）He died from a traffic accident. 他死于一场交通事故。die out 绝种Dinosaurs died out long long ago.恐 龙很久之前就灭绝了。die away 减弱，消退The fire dies away. 大火渐渐减弱了。6. fall 相关短语fall behind 落后You will fall behind if you miss a lot of lessons. 如果你落下许多功课的话，你就会落在你的同班同学的后面。 fall down 掉下，跌倒The baby

7、falls down when she runs to her mother这. 个婴儿朝妈妈跑去时跌倒了。 fall into 落入，陷入The boys fell into the river to cool themselves.孩 子们跳进河里凉爽凉爽。fall off 从 .掉下My brother falls off a big tree. 我的弟弟从一棵大树上掉下来。fall asleep 入睡，睡觉We all fell asleep quickly after working for a long time. 工作了很长一段时间后我们很快就入睡了7. go相关短语go alo

8、ng沿着 走Go along the street and you will find the post office. 沿着这条街走，你就会发现邮局了。 go through 通过，浏览The train has to go through many tunnels这. 趟火车要过很多隧道。He is going through today's newspaper.他 正在浏览今天的报纸。 go over复习，检查You must go over all your lesson before the exam. 考试前你一定要把所有的功课复习一遍。 go up上升，上涨The pri

9、ce of pork is going up. 猪肉的价格还在上涨。go down 下落，下跌The price of oil will go down. 油价要跌了。 go against违反The students can't go against the school rules.学 生不能违反校规。go on (with) 继续进行Go on with your homework. 继续做作业。go out外出，熄灭The fire goes out finally. 火最终熄灭了。go bad 变质The milk will go bad if we don 't p

10、ut it in the fridge. 牛奶会变质，如果我们不把它放在冰箱里。 go ahead 好吧- Can I use your car? 我可以用下你的车吗？- Go ahead. 好吧。8. get相关短语get down下来The price of the house will get down next year.房 子的价格明年会下来的。get away 离开，逃跑She didn't get away until nine last night. 直到晚上九点她才离开。get on进展，上车We saw him get on the bus just now.我 们

11、刚才看到他上车了。get off 下车Don'tget off until the bus has stopped. 车停稳再下车。get over 克服They got over a lot of difficulties and finally succeeded. 他们克服了很多苦难，最终成功了。get along/on with 进展，相处We get on well with the people there when we work in that village. 当我们在那个村庄工作的时候，我们与那里的人相处很融洽。get up起床When do you usually

12、 get up in the morning?你 通常在早上什么时候起床？get back取回，收回Please buy some bananas for me when you get back. 当你回来的时候，请给我买一些香蕉。get out 出去The children got out of the room. 孩子们从这个房间出去了。get to 到达Please give me a call when you get to Beijing.当 你到达北京的时候请给我打个电话。get married 结婚My sister got married last month. 我的姐姐上个

13、月结婚了。get ready for 为 做准备我们正在为即将到来的考试做准备。get / be tired of 对 感到厌倦The children get tired of reading the book.孩 子们厌倦了读这本书。get in touch with 取得联系He is trying to get in touch with her. 他一直试图和她取得联系。9. give相关短语give away赠送，泄露The teachers give away their money to the poor student老s.师们把钱捐给那些贫穷的学生。Don't gi

14、ve away the secret.不 要泄露秘密。give out 发出，分发The teacher is giving out the papers老. 师正在发试卷。give in (to sb.) 屈服The soldiers will not give in to the enemy. 士兵们不会像敌人屈服的。give up放弃，让（座位）My father has already given up smoking.我 的父亲已经放弃吸烟了。 give off 散发、发出The sun gives off light and heat.10. hand相关短语hand in 交上，

15、提交Hand in your homework, please.请 把作业交上来。 hand out 分发She is handing out birthday cakes.他 正在分发生日蛋糕。11. hold 相关短语hold on to 继续，坚持He held on to the rope and climbed up.他 抓住绳子，然后爬了上来。 hold up 举起，使停顿Hold up your hands. 举起手来。The traffic is held up. 堵 hold on 别挂电话Hold on please. 别挂断，稍等。hold off 挂断She held

16、off the telephone.他 生气地挂断了电话。hold back 阻止，退缩She tried to hold back tears.他 强忍着眼泪。We shouldn't hold back before difficulties. 在困难面前，我们不应该退缩。12. keep 相关短语keep up with 跟上Hurry up, or you can't keep up with them. 快点，否则你跟不上他们的。 keep in touch with 保持联系Friends should keep in touch with each other.

17、keep out 不使 .进入Keep the dog out.不 要让狗进来。keep off 远离Keep off the grass! 请勿践踏草坪。 keep away from 避开，不接近Keep away from the tiger; it is dangerous. keep on继续，坚持下来He kept on reading English after breakfast.早 饭后，他继续读英语。13. knock 相关短语knock at/on 敲Knock on the door before entering.进 门前，请敲门。knock into 撞到某人身上H

18、e knocked a young woman in the street在. 路上，他撞到了一个年轻女士。 knock down 撞倒A car knocked him down. 一辆车把他撞倒了。 knock over 打翻The baby knocked over the bowl.婴 儿打翻了碗。14. look 相关短语太阳发出光和热。车了朋友应当互相联系远离老虎，很危险look up 查找，向上看We looked up and saw a beautiful bird in the tree. 我们抬起头在树上看到一只漂亮的小鸟。 He often looks up some

19、information on the internet他. 经常在互联网上查一些信息。look through 翻阅，浏览She is looking through the magazines.她 正在浏览杂志。look after 照顾My mother is looking after the baby now. 我的妈妈在照看这个婴儿。look at 看Please look at the blackboard and read after me请. 仔细看黑板并跟我读。look like 看起来像The baby looks like her mother very much.这 个

20、婴儿非常长得像他的妈妈。look for 寻找What are you looking for in my room? 你在我的房间里寻找什么？ look out (for) 当心Look out! The car nearly hit you just now. 当心！刚才那辆车差点撞着你。look out (of) 向外看He looked out of the window and found a man in the garden. 他向窗外看，发现花园里有个人。look about/around/round 环顾四周He looked around but found nothing

21、.他 环顾四周，什么都没发现。look forward to 盼望Everybody in my class is looking forward to watching the football match. 我们班每个人都期待着观看那场比赛。look over 仔细检查 The doctor looked over the baby and found nothing wrong with him. 医生给这个婴儿作了仔细检查但没有发现什么问题。15. make相关短语make up 编造，打扮The man likes making up stories.这 个男的喜欢编故事。The l

22、ady makes up her face every morning这. 个女的每天早上都化妆。make it 成功You will make it sooner or later. 你迟早会成功的。be made of 由 制成(看得出原材料)This bridge is made of stones and wood.be made from 由 制成(看不出原材料)This kind of paper is made from the grass.be made in 在 地方制造The red cars are made in Shanghai.这些红色的小汽车是上海生产的。make

23、 room for 给 腾出地方 Can you make room for your mother?你 能给你的妈妈腾个地方吗？ But there is no room here.但 这里没有地方了。make up one 's mind 下决心They make up their mind to help the poor boy.他 们下决心帮助那个贫穷的男孩。make fun of 拿 .开玩笑Don't make fun of the poor boy. 不要取笑那个可怜的孩子。make friends with 交朋友He likes making friends

24、 with others. 他喜欢和别人交朋友。16. try 相关短语try on 试穿She tried on that pair of shoes but they were a little bigger她. 试穿了那双鞋，但是有点大了。try one's best 尽力The doctors are trying their best to save the young man医. 生们正在尽力地挽救那个年轻人。17. pay相关短语pay back 还钱I will pay back the money on time. 我会按时还钱的。pay for 付钱Who will

25、 pay for the dinner? 这顿饭谁买单？pay off 偿还Pay off the money you borrowed from. 偿还你借我的钱。pay up 全部还清He paid up all the debt in the end.最 终，他还清了所有的债务。18. pick 相关短语pick up 拾起，接人Pick up the books on the floor. 捡起地上的书。My father will pick me up after school. 放学后，爸爸会来接我的。pick out 挑选出She is picking the beans out

26、 in the rice他. 把米里的大豆捡了出来。19. put 相关短语put up 张贴，举起The boy put up his hand and asked some question那s. 个男孩举起手问了一些问题。Could you put up the picture? 你把这幅画贴上好吗？put out 扑灭The firemen came and put out the fire.消 防员来把火扑灭了。put off 推迟The meeting will be put off because of the weather.会 议因为天气将被推迟。put away 放好Jim

27、, put away your books. 吉姆，把你的书收起来。put down 记下，放下He put down his pen and began to listen to the teache他r. 放下钢笔开始听老师讲课。Put down my telephone number please请. 记下我的电话号码。put on 穿戴，上映My father put on his coat and went out.我 的爸爸穿上他的大衣就出去了。A new play will be put on next week. 下周将上映一部新片。put back 放回Please put

28、the books back when you finish them书. 读完后，请放回去。20. do相关短语doone'sbest 尽最大努力You must do your best to learn English well. 你应该尽你最大努力学习好英语。 do well in 在 干得好My brother does better in playing soccer than Tom. 我的弟弟足球比汤姆踢得好。 do someone a favor帮某人忙Can you do me a favor?你 能帮我个忙吗？do with 处置 , 处理What do you

29、often do with the waste paper?你 们经常怎样处理废纸？21. run 相关短语run after 追逐She is running after the school bus.她 正在追赶校车。run away/off 逃跑The boy broke the window and ran away.这 个男孩打破了窗户，跑掉了。run out (of) 用完My money is running out. 我的钱快用完了。We ran out of coal and had to burn wood.我 们用完了煤，只好烧木柴了。22. set相关短语set up建

30、立Our school will set up a new library next year. 明年我们学校将会建一个新的图书馆。 set off/out 出发They set out for Beijing early in the morning. 他们一大早就出发去北京了。23. take相关短语take out 取出Please take out a piece of paper请. 取出一张纸。He took a book out of his bag.他 从包里拿出一本书。take after 与 相像The boy takes after his father.这 个男孩长得像

31、他爸爸。take off 脱掉，起飞My mother took off her coat and began to cook.我 妈妈脱掉他的大衣开始做饭。When will the plane take off? 飞机什么时候起飞？take away 拿走Take away your books.把 你的书拿走。take up 占用（时间空间）Study takes up most of my time.学 习占用了我大部分时间。 take down 记录，取下He takes down the book from the shelf.他 把书从书架上拿了下来。The students a

32、re taking down what the teachers said学. 生们正在记老师说的东西。 take back 收回，带回I will take back the money he borrowed me.我 会拿回他欠我的钱。 take care of 照顾The little girl always takes good care of her sick mother.这 个小女孩总是细心照顾有病的妈妈。 take part in 参加（活动）Who will take part in the speech contest in your class?你 们班谁将参加讲演比赛

33、？24. think 相关短语think of 想起，认为，对 看法What do you think of my article? 你认为我的文章怎么样？think out/up 想出He thought out the way to solve the problem.他 想出了解决这个问题的办法。 think about 考虑They are thinking about their work. 他们正在考虑他们的工作。think over 仔细考虑Please think it over and tell me your decision.请 认真考虑一下，告诉我你的决定。25. tu

34、rn 相关短语turn on 打开Please turn on the TV. I want to watch the football match.请 打开电视，我想看足球赛。 turn off 关掉He turned off the lights and went to bed.他 关上灯上床睡觉了。turn to sb. for help 向某人求助We can turn to help for our teachers when we have problems. 当我们遇到问题的时候，我们可以向老师求助。 turn down 音量调低Please turn down the TV.

35、I am doing my homework.我 正在做作业，请把电视机的声音调低。 turn up 音量调大Turn up the radio a little. I can't hear it clearly. 把录音机声音调大点，我听不清楚。 turn round/around 转过身来She turned around and said hello to me她. 转过身来向我问好。26. care 相关短语 care about 担心，在乎 Who cares about it?谁 在乎啊？ care for 关心，关怀She is caring for her sick m

36、other in the hospital.她 正在医院里照顾她生病的妈妈。27. clean相关短语clean up 把 打扫干净，把 收拾整齐After school, the students will clean up the classroom放. 学后，学生们会打扫教室。 clean out 清除Clean out the rubbish in the house清. 除房子里的垃圾。28. learn 相关短语 learn about 获悉，得知，了解 He learn a lot about the history of America. 他对美国历史了解很多。learn fr

37、om 从/向 .学习We should learn from Lei Feng. 我们应该向雷锋学习。29. fight 相关短语fight for 争取获得 所有的参赛选手都力争获得冠军。fight with/against 与 .搏斗/战斗The children are fighting with each other. 孩子们在互相斗殴。30. dream 相关短语dream of/about 梦想，梦到She dreamt of having a big house她. 梦想拥有一个大房子。31. work 相关短语work for 为.工作Now, he is working fo

38、r a bank. 现在他在一家银行工作。work out 解决，算出Who can work out the Maths problem? 谁可以解决这个数学问题呢？work on 致力于，继续工作The scientists are working on finding a new cure for cancer. 科学家们正在致力于发现癌症的新药方。He worked on after returning home. 回到家后，他继续工作了。at work 在工作He was still work at eleven o'clock last night. 昨天晚上十一点钟的时候

39、，他还在工作。 work as 担任He works as a worker in the factory.他 是这个工厂的一名工人。32. argue 相关短语argue with 与 .争论Don't argue with me. 不要和我争论。argue about 争论They are arguing about how to get there他. 们正在讨论如何去哪里。33. talk 相关短语talk about 谈论有关某事They were talking about their plan when I got there.当 我到达那里时，他们在谈论他们的计划。 t

40、alk with/ to 和某人交谈Who will talk with me? 谁将和我交谈？34. hear 相关短语hear of 听说，得知I heard of the news from my sister.从 我姐姐那里，我听说了这个消息。 hear about 听到有关 .的事I heard about the new neighbor.我 听说了有关那个新邻居的一些事情。 hear from 接到 .的信I didn 't hear from my parents for a long time. 我很久没收到父母的来信了。35. talk 相关短语talk about

41、 讨论某事The foreigners like talking about the weather.外 国人喜欢讨论天气。talk with/to 和某人讨论She is talking with her friends. 她正在和朋友聊天。36. live相关短语live in 住在They lived in Canada. 他们住在加拿大。live on/by 以 .为主食The people in the south live on rice.南 方人以米为生。37. stand相关短语 stand out 突显，引人注目 He stands out from the crowd.他

42、从人群中站了出来。 stand up 起立，站起来He stands up and answers the teach'esr question. 他站起来回答老师的问题。38. agree相关短语agree with 同意（某人）I don't agree with you much. 我不是很同意你所说的。 agree to 同意（某事）They agreed to my plan. 他们同意了我的计划。 agree on 在某事上达成一致意见They finally agreed on the theme of the meeting.他 们最终在会议主题上达成了一致意见

43、。39. show相关短语show around 带领某人参观Can you show me around the school?你 可以带领我参观学校吗？ show up 出现，露面He didn't show up until the end of the meeting.直 到会议结束的时候，他才出现。 show off 炫耀He likes showing off everything he has. 他喜欢炫耀他拥有的每一样东西。40. 其它常用词组 wake up 醒，唤醒 He wakes up at seven every night.他 每天晚上七点起床。 Pleas

44、e wake me up early.请 早点把我喊醒。 stay up 熬夜He often stays up for his homework.他 经常熬夜写作业。 depend on依靠；取决于Children shouldn't depend much on their parents孩. 子们不应该太依赖父母。The outing depends on the weather出. 行取决于天气。 worry about 为 .担忧Don't worry about me. I am all right. 不用担心我，我没事。 laugh at 嘲笑It 's

45、impolite to laugh at others.嘲 笑别人是不礼貌的。 grow up 成长The mother hopes her son can grow up soon妈. 妈希望儿子快点子长大。 throw away 丢弃Throw away the waste paper.把 废纸扔掉。ask for 要求She asks for a hamburger and an ice cream她. 要了一个汉堡和一个冰淇淋。 wait for 等待They are waiting for the last bus. 他们在等最后一班公交车。find out （经研究或询问）获知某事

46、The researchers found out that there is no relationship between these two phenomenon. 科学家们发现这两个现象之间没有联系。send out 发出，放出They didn't send out any signal.他 们没有发出任何信号。 search for 搜索，搜查Animals are searching for food in the mountain.动 物正在大山里搜寻食物。 belong to 属于The umbrellas belongs to him. 这把伞是他的。 arrive

47、 in/at 到达They arrived at the airport on time. 他们按时到达了机场。 leave for 离开前往They will leave for Nanjing tomorrow. 他们明天将去南京。 sell out 卖完，售完The shopkeeper sold out the shoes and then closed the sho店p.主 卖完所有的鞋，然后把店关了。 cheer up 取悦，使开心No one can cheer her up when she is unhappy她. 不开心的时候，没人能够取悦她。 cheer on 鼓励We

48、 should cheer on him and give him courage我. 们应该鼓励他，给他勇气。 use up 用完They used up all the money.他 们把所有的钱都用完了。eat up 吃完We should eat up all the food on the plate我. 们应该吃完盘子里所有的食物。 deal with 处理I don 't know how to deal with the problem. 我不知道如何处理这个问题。 词组练习 一、根据句意，填出正确时态的动词短语。（一）关于 put 的短语1. I my hat an

49、d left the house.2. He the fire.3. They their tent in the middle of a field.4. Your room is untidy, your things .5. The meeting has been.（二）关于 take 的短语1. I didn't his phone number.2. When did the plane ?3. It was very hot, so I my hat.4. My job most of my time.（三）关于 give的短语1. I lent him some boo

50、ks last month and he them _ to me this morning.2. He all his books to the library.3. He will your secret.4. He drinking a few years ago.5. Those wild flowers a nice smell.6. Please the homework to the students.(四) 关于 call 的短语1. I the post office yesterday.2. I the doctor yesterday.3. Success hard wo

51、rk.4. Some people on the bank to the man in the boat.5. For some reason, they the party this Saturday.(五) 关于 look 的短语1. I am my pen.2. Will you _ the children for me please?3. my photograph album.4. I the window. It was dark outside.5. ! There is a big hole in front.6. When you do not understand a w

52、ord, you canit in this dictionary.7. We are all our holiday.(六) 关于 pick 的短语1. He a coin when he was walk in the street.2. I'll you at the airport this evening.3. There are so many beautiful cards. I can't the ones I like best.二、根据句意，选择正确的动词短语。( ) 1. Lily is upset these days. Do you know how to her ?A. cheer; upB. cheer; on C. pick; upD. put; away( ) 2. Please these test papers to each student.A. give offB. give out C. give upD. give in( ) 3. All the