初中英语重点动词用法AZ

1、中学英语动词用法aactv.表演，演戏act as sb./ sth.充任某角色，担任某工作i don t understand english, so you have to act as my interpreter 翻译 ；其他用法： act for代表某人，代理某人的职位during her illness, her lawyer has been acting for her in her business.在她生病期间，她的律师始终代理她的业务；词语拓展： actionn.行为，行动；take action实行行动actorn.演员actressn.女演员activeadj.活跃的

2、，积极的，主动的，起作用的；activelyadv.活跃地，积极地；activetyn.活动性 , 活力；活动（activities复数）acceptv.接受；赞同；欢迎；听从近义词辨析：accept 和 receiveaccept 是“接受、认可 “的意思，是收到并接受；receive 有”收到 “的意思，但不肯定接受；e.g. i received a lot of gifts on my birthday, but i didn t accept any.生日那天我收到很多礼物，但是我并没有收下任何礼物；achievevt.获得achieve a balance betweenan在da

3、ddv.1 加，增加，添加和之间获得平稳add sth. to sth.往.里添加 .eg. if the tea is too strong, add some water to it.eg. he added his signature to the petition 请愿书 ；add a and b together加eg. if you add 5 and 5, you get 10.add to sth. 增加某事物eg. the bad weather only add to our difficulties.这种坏天气更增加了我们的困难；2 补充；连续说eg. “ill come

4、 here later.he added.add in包括 .在内eg. don t forget add me in.别忘了把我算上；add up合计，加起来add up to总计达到add fuel to the fire火上浇油词语拓展： additionn. 加法；增加的人或事物in addition加上 , 又, 另外，单独使用放在句首，逗号隔开eg: in addition ， there are six students. 除此之外，仍有六名同学；in addition to除.外仍eg: in addition to high salaries, you will enjoy

5、a paid holiday every year.besides 表示 “除 以外，（仍，也） ”，相当于in addition to.eg.besides english, they also study math, physics and chemistryexcept 表示 “除外，（其余都）”，常与 all ，every，no, none, nothing等含有整体确定或否定意义的词1连用；eg.he answered all the questions except the last one.除了最终一个问题外，全部的问题他都回答了；except for也表示 “除 以外 ”，但是

6、和except 不同的是 : 与 except 连用的整体词和except 所跟的词经常是同类的，是指整体除去一部份; 而与except for连用的整体词与except for所跟的词往往不是同类的，是指整体中除去一个细节；例如:your composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.除了几处拼写错误以外，你的作文写得很好；except for an old lady, the bus was empty.除了有一个老太太以外，这辆公共汽车是空的；apart from表示 “除之外 ”；依据上、 下文的不同， 它既可用作besi

7、des, 也可用作except 和 except for ； apart from them, i had no one to talk to.（ = except）除了他们以外，我没有人说话；apart from other considerations, time is also a factor. =besides ） 除了别的考虑之外，时间也是一个因素；it is good work apart from a few slight faults.= except for ）除了几个小毛病以外，这是一篇佳作；aitionaladj.附加的，额外的，添加的advicen.建义，劝说；信息a

8、 piece of advice一条建议ask for advice寻求建议give sb some advice = give some advice to sb给某人提建议take/follow one s advice接受、遵照某人的建议advisev.给出想法；建议；通知advice sb to do sth 建议某人做某事suggestionn.c建议offer sb. some suggestionscan you offer me some suggestions.affectv. 影响；感动egcold weather affected the crops.词语拓展： effe

9、ctn. 影响，作用；成效come/go into effect实施，生效in effect实际上take effect 生效，起作用have a good/bad effect on sb. 对某人有好的/坏的影响 effectiveadj 有效的，生效的affectionn宠爱，喜欢之情affordv. 负担得起（ .的费用，缺失，后果） ，买得起；抽得出时间（常与 can, could, be able to 连用）afford sth.eg. id love to go on holiday but i can t afford the time. eg. they walked be

10、cause the cant afford a taxi.afford to do sth.eg. they walked because they cant afford to take a taxi.eg. i have to work hard because i can t afford to loose my job.afford sb sth供应，给与the tnsaction afforded him a good profit. 这笔交易使他赚了一大笔affordst抽出多少时间i can't afford an hour for lunch.我抽不出一小时吃午饭；af

11、raidadj.担忧，可怕，唯恐. be afraid of可怕e.g. don t be afraid of asking for help from othe不rs.要可怕向别人求助；be afraid for担忧e.g. i m afraid for my sist我er担.心我的妹妹；2be afraid /be afraid of sth./doing可怕（做）某事egi m afraid of snake我s. 可怕蛇；i m afraid of going out alone at night.be afraid to do sth.可怕做某事egdon t be afraid

12、to ask questions不.要可怕问问题；i m afraid so. /i m afraid我n恐ot怕. 是这样 / 不是这样i m afraid that我唯恐； . eg i have a lot of homework to do. i m afraid that i canagreev. 同意，赞同agree with sb.同意某人的看法eg. i agree with you.agree on + 表示详细协议的文件、方案、行动的词eg. we agreed on the plan. agree to do sth.同意做某事eg. we agreed to start

13、 early.agree that + 宾语从句eg. she agreed that i was right.其他用法： agree with sb. 尤用于否定或疑问句（对某人的健康或胃口）适合eg. like mushrooms but unfortunately they don t agree with me.我宠爱吃蘑菇，惋惜吃了以后难过；eg.the humid climate in the south didn t agree with him.他不适应南方潮湿的气候；词语拓展： agreementn. 协定，协议agreeableadj. 欣然同意的disagreev.不同意

14、，有分歧answern.&v.回答 ;解决方案 ;反应the answer toanswer a question回答疑题solve the problem解决问题replyn./v.答复，回答reply to a question/lettermy penfriend in the usa hasn t replied to my las-tmtharielse. eaimv. 瞄准，对准aim at瞄准，针对（直接的目的）eg.i aimed at the door but hit the window.eg. my remarks were not aim at you.我的话不

15、是针对你； aim at the target瞄准目标 / 靶子；aim at a success志在成功 be aimed at 目的是，旨在,为了；较为委婉eg.our marketing campaign should be aimed at young working couples ；我们的行销活动应当针对年轻的上班夫妇.aimed for瞄准；以为目标长期以来的目标eg.your whole parenting has aimed for this moment. 你这个训练目标就是这一刻allowv. 答应，准许allow doing sth.答应某人做某事eg. we dont

16、 allow smoking in our house.在我们家不答应抽烟； allow sb. to do sth.答应某人做某事eg. they allow her to go to the party.他们答应她去参与晚会； allow sb not to do sth 不答应某人做某事留意被动： sb. be allowed to do sth.allow sb. in/ out/ up答应某人进来/ 出去 / 起来allow for考虑到，把考虑进来，体谅eg.we must allow for his youth.我们必需体谅他的年轻. sth allow of容许eg. the

17、situation allows of no dely.情形不容拖延；词语拓展： allowancen. 津贴 , 补助 , 零用钱 permitv. 答应，较为强硬n. 许可证 permit sb.to do sth.3permit doing sth. permissionn. 答应annoyv. 使愤怒，使愤怒annoy sb.使某人愤怒，使某人心烦eg. i was annoyed by his remarks.他的言论激怒了我；appearv. 显现；露面； （公开）演出appear to do好象是it appears that + 从句eg. it appears to me t

18、hat you are all wrong.我觉得你们全都错了；appearancen.显现，相貌she made her final appearance on the screen.她最终一次出现在银幕上；disappearv消逝appreciatev. 感谢appreciate sth. appreciate doing sth.arguev. 争辩，争执argue with sb. about/ over/ on sth.与某人争辩某事eg. we argued with the waiter about the price of the meal.其他用法： argue sb. in

19、to/ out of doing sth.说服某人做 / 不做某事eg. they argue his into giving up his plan.arrivev. 到达arrive in +arrive at +大地方小地方eg. we arrived in paris.eg. we arrived at the station/ my nation town.其他用法： arrive at sth.达成或得出某事物arrived at an agreement达成协议 / a conclusion 得出结论 egwhat dicision did you arrived at.你们做出

20、了什么打算？arrive at/in到达某地get to某地reach a place / 数字到达某地 /数量arrivaln.到达time of arrival到达的时间askv. 询问，问ask sth.eg. may i ask questions.ask sb. sth.eg. he asked me the way to the supermarket.he asked me their names.he asked me where he should go. ask sb. about sth.eg. he asked me about my health. ask sb.to

21、 do sth.eg. he ask me to stop smoking.he ask me not to swim here.ask for sth. to do sth.恳求eg. she asked for more time to think it over.她恳求多一点时间（认真考虑）；ask for sb.找（某人）did anyone ask for me last week. ask sb for help=turn to sb向某人求助ask sb for some advice向某人征求看法ask sb for sth向某人索要其他用法： ask the way问路；as

22、k for trouble自找麻烦，自讨苦吃attemptv. 妄想，试图4试图做某事attempt to do sth.attempt doing sth.attentionn.留意，用心pay attention to留意you should pay attention to your spoken english. 你应当留意你的口语；asleepadj.睡着的fall asleep入睡he was too tired, so he fell fast asleep. 他太累了，很快就入睡了；sleepvi./n.睡觉go to sleepafter breakfast, i want

23、to go to sleep. 吃完早饭后，我想去睡觉get enough sleep i don t get enough sleei pfe. el sleepy in class. 我没有足够的睡眠，我课堂上感到想睡觉；sleepyadj.欲睡的，困倦的feel sleepy感到困倦5bbeatv. 打败，战胜beat, beatenbeat sb. at sth.在某方面打败 / 赛过某人he beats me at chess.他在下棋方面胜我一筹；beat sb.打某人beat/defeat一组同义词，它们的宾语必需是人或一个集体，如a team, a class, an scho

24、ol, an army；defeat 尤指在战场上打败敌人；beat 是嬉戏、竞赛的特地用词；二者常可换；eg.we beat their team by 10 points.我们赢了他们队特别；in the end their army was defeat/beaten.最终他们的部队被击（打）败；win/gain一组同义词； gain 表示获得需要之物，它常跟的宾语有one lsiving,experience, strength, time, knowledge, attention, respect, admiration等；win 表示在较强的竞争中取得成功，它常跟的宾语有game

25、, war, prize, fame, battle 等；eg.we shall gain experience through practice. 我们将通过实践获得体会；they won the battle but lost many men.他们取得了这次战役的成功，但牺牲了很多人；hit指“打中 ”或 “对准来打 ”，着重敲打或打击对方的某一点；tap 一般是轰轰拍打的意思；eg:the stone hit him on the head. 石头击中了他的头部becomev. 成为，变成become + 名词he became a doctor at last. become int

26、eresting in变得对 .感爱好其他用法： what becomes/ will become of sb./ sth.某人某事的情形如何eg. what will become if i die.假如我死了我的孩子会怎么样呢？beginv. 开头begin to do sth. = begin doing sth.开头做某事begin /startwith由 .开头eg. we will begin with you.从你开头；eg. the concert音乐会 began with a piano solo 钢琴独奏 .beginningn. 开头at the beginning

27、of在；的开头startv 开头； n. 开头start to do sth =start doing sth开头做某事at the start of在； ；的开头start off动身，开头活动to start/begin with第一，第一endn. 最终，末尾at the end （ of ）在 的末端egat the end of the street you ll find the hospital. in the end=finally =at last最终，最终egin the end she married a singerby the end of到；终止时，末尾时（用于完成

28、时）6eg we had studied english for three years by the end of last termend with以终止behavev. 举止，表现behave well/ badly表现好 / 不好，举止良好/ 不好believev. 信任，认为believe sb.信任某人说的话eg. i believe him.我信任他的话； believe in sb.信任 / 信任某人eg. i believe in him.我信任他； believe sb. + adj.eg. i believe him honest.我信任他是诚恳的； believe +从

29、句eg.i believe that he can do the job well.belongv. 属于belong tobyprepby +交通工具乘··· ·交通工具1） take a/the 交通工具to sp.乘·· · ·交通工具去某地=go to sp. by交通工具2） on a bike =by bike骑自行车on foot步行3） on / in +限定词 +交通工具 4） v. +to +sp.e.g. fly to sp.borrowv. 借，借入，借进borrow sth. from s

30、b.从某地 / 某人处借 .borrow a book from librarylendvt.借给lend sth. to sb./lend sb.sth.把某物借给某人egexcuse me,can i borrow a bike from you./can i borrow your bike.我能借你的自行车吗？returnv归仍，回到returntosp = go back to sp回到某地return sth to sp把某物仍到某地in return回报bowv. 鞠躬bow to听从bow to sbs oppinion屈从某人的看法make a bow鞠躬take a bow

31、鞠躬答谢breakv. 打破，违反break into闯进break away from从逃脱break into/ to pieces碎成片break up with sb.与某人绝交break sth. off突然中断、终止某事物break down汽车抛锚break out突然发生eg. fire broke out last night.夜间突然失火了；break through sth.克服eg. break through the difficulties克服困难breathev 呼吸留意发音breathn 呼吸take a deep breath=breathe deeply深呼

32、吸breathe in呼入breathe out呼出7be short/out of breath上气不接下气bringv. 拿来，取来，带来bring sth. to sb. = bring sb. sth.把某物带来给某人bring sb./ sth. with one带着某物或某人来eg. he always brings a bottle of wine with him when he comes to dinner. bring sth./ sb. back送回某人 / 某物eg. he brought me back in his car last night.他昨天晚上开车送我

33、回来的；please bring back the book to me tomorrow.请明天把书带来仍我；bring sb. up培育，哺育eg. he was brought up by his aunt.他是被他阿姨养大的；she brought up five children all together.她总共抚养了5 个儿女；其他用法： bring sth. up呕吐bring about带来，造成bring about great changes带来庞大变化bring in收成（庄稼等）bring in a good harvest好收成buildv. 建造，建筑build s

34、th.build a factory建厂房build sth. for sb. = build sb. sth.eg. his father built a model aeroplane for him. =his father built him a model aeroplane. build sth. of/ from/ out of sth.用. 材料 建造 .eg. birds build their nests out of twigs.鸟儿用细树枝筑巢；build sth. up逐步建立、增加、增强或进展某事物build up a big library逐步建立一座大的图书馆其

35、他用法： rome was not built in a day.罗马不是一天建成的；burnv. 燃烧，点燃burn out 烧坏，烧完，烧尽burn down烧毁burn away烧坏，烧掉； （逐步）毁灭，消逝eg. the sunlight has burnt away the haze.日光使雾消散了；buyv.购买，买buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth.sellv卖sell out卖光sell sth. to sb. =sell sb. sth.卖给某人某物8ccallv. 打电话；称作，取名；呼吁，叫喊；要求，命令call sb. =give sb. a

36、 cal 给某人打电话call + 电话号码 打某个电话号码call sb. at + 电话号码 打某个电话号码找某人call sb. sth. 把某人称为 . call him a walking-dictionary 把他称为活字典call on sb. 拜望某人call at s.p. 拜望某地call by 顺便拜望call for 要求，需要 eg. success calls for hard work. 成功需要努力；call sth. off 取消或舍弃某事call up 回想起 this book calls up happy memories of his childhoo

37、d. 这本书唤起了他对童年幸福的回忆；calledadj. 叫做的（后置）be called /named被叫做carev. 对.在意，对 .在意take care of sb.照管take care of sth.处理，负责take care to do sth.当心，当心take care that当心care about关怀he doesnt care about anything we say.9care to do sth.情愿做某事 多用于否定句和疑问句eg. would you care to go for a walk.你情愿去漫步吗？carryv. 搬运，携带carry st

38、h. with sb.随身携带carry away运走，拿走carry back运回，拿回，使回想起carry into effect实现，实行carry on连续进行eg. well carry on our discussion tomorrow.明天连续我们的争论；carry sth. too far做的太过分了catchv. 赶上（车船等） ，捕捉catch up with sb. in sth.在某方面追赶上某人eg. if you don t work hard, he will catch up with you in study.区分： keep up with跟上，不落后于k

39、eep up with him跟上他catch sb. doing sth.逮住某人正在做什么eg. i caught him stealing.我发觉他正在偷东西；catch up sbs attention/ eyes引起某人的留意 i was caught in the rain.我被雨淋了； catch a cold 伤风；catch fire着火causev. 造成，使发生cause sth.eg. the cat caused this terrible accident. cause sb. sth.eg. the new car caused me a lot of troub

40、les. cause sth. to sb.eg. the new car carsed a lot of troubles to me. cause sb. to do sth.eg. the illness caused him to miss the game.其他用法： take care.当心！chatv. 谈天，闲谈chat with sb.和某人谈天cheervcheer up使兴奋cheer sb up使某人兴奋checkv. 核对，检查check out检查，核对，核查 chopv. 剁，砍，劈chop in插嘴，多嘴 cleanv. 打扫，清除clean sth. up把.

41、整理洁净check in登记combinev. 结合，组合combine with和.组合comev. 来；来到come after sb.追赶或追赶某人come back回来 come from = be from从.哪里来，来自.come by从 .旁边走过 come down雨、雪等 落下； 价格 下降eg. the price of petrol is coming down.汽油价格正在下跌；come on加油come for为.而来eg. i am coming for my books which were lent to you last year.我为了去年借你的那些书而来；

42、我想要回去年借给你的书 come out出来；发芽come through经受（困难等）come to an end终止come up with sb.赶上，追上communicatev. 沟通，沟通10communicate with sb.与某人沟通comparev. 比较compare a and b = compare a with/ to b加以比较，两者相比较eg. if you compare her work with his, you will find hers is much better. compare a to b把 a 比 作 beg. poets have co

43、mpared sleep to death.诗人把睡眠比作死亡；compare notes with sb.交换看法、观点、看法等complainv. 埋怨complain to sb. about / at sth.投诉，埋怨，发牢骚eg. she often complain to me about her partner. concentrate v. 集中，集合 concentrate on/ upon 集中精力consider v. 考虑，摸索，认为consider sth.考虑 .consider doing sth.考虑 .eg. i am considering changin

44、g my job. 我正考虑换个工作；consider sb./ sth. as把.当.来对待eg. we consider him as our friend. consider sb./ sth. to be把.当作 .eg. we consider him to be our best friend.continuev. 使连续，坚持下去to be continued.未完，待续；go on / continue go on / continuego on / continueto do sth. doing sth.with sth.连续做（另一件事） 连续做（同一件事）连续copyv

45、. 复制，抄袭copy sth. from sb.抄袭某人的 .copy sth. down/ out in/ into sth.把 .誊写在 .上eg. the students copied the sums 算术题 down in theirn notebooks.同学把算术题抄在他们的笔记本上；coverv. 掩盖be covered with sth.被掩盖under the cover of在的保护下，以为幌子cover up掩盖，掩饰，隐匿take cover隐匿，躲避criticizev. 批判，批判criticize sth.eg. he criticized my taki

46、ng risk.他批判了我的冒险行为；criticize sb. for sth.eg. he criticized me for my rudeness.他由于我的卤莽而批判了我crossv. 穿过，横过，越过cross over sth. 穿过，穿越注： 1与 across 的区分2与 through 的区分crowdv. 挤满，布满be crowded with布满eg. the room is crowded with people.屋里挤满了人；costv. 价值，花费（时间、金钱等）sth. cost sb. some money.某物花费某人多少钱eg. this fur coa

47、t he bought for his girlfriend last year cost him $4000. cost sb. sth.eg. careless driving cost him his life.开车时马虎大意要了他的命；11cutv. 切，割cut sth. for sb. = cut sb. sth.切.给某人eg. please cut a piece of cake for me. = please cut me a piece of cake. cut sth. from sth.cut off切断cut off the power切断电源cut down砍倒；

48、删减cut down a tree砍树eg. your article is too long, please cut it down to 1000 words.你的文章太长了，请把它删件到1000 字；ddealv. 处理，应对deal with处理12decidev. 打算，下决心decide to do sth. = make up ones mind to do sth.打算做 . decide （not） to do sth打算不做某事make a decision（ to do sth）做一个打算做. decide on sth./ sb.打算某事 / 某人decisionn.

49、打算make a decision做打算come to a decision = arrive at a decision打算下来dependv. 依靠，依靠depend on/ upon sth./ sb.视某物而定，取决于某物eg. wheather we will have the sport-meeting tomorrow depends on the weather.明天我们是否举办运动会取决于天气情形；describev. 描述，形容describe sth. as sth.把.描述成 .；称作，称为eg. he describes himself as a doctor.他把自

50、己称为医生；designv 设计be designed to do sth被设计来做be designed for为.而设计designern设计师die died,dyingv.死die of hunger死于内因die from accident死于外因deadadj.死的，无生命的deathn.死亡dyingadj./ 分词discussv. 争论，谈论discuss sth. with sb.和某人争论某事eg. he was still discussing the game when i got there. discuss doing sth.争论做某事eg. they disc

51、ussed selling the house.他们在争论卖房子的事情；dislikev. 不宠爱，厌恶dislike sth.厌恶某事dislike to do sth.厌恶做某事dislike doing sth.厌恶做某事注：与 unlike 的区分unlikeadj. 与.不同的，不相象的dividev. 分开，划分divide sth. into把.分成dov. 做，干，行动13do ones best做出最大努力do business做生意do sb. a favour帮某人的忙do wrong做错do with处理eg. what can i do with it.我怎么处理它？have something/ nothing to do with与.有关 /无关 eg. it has nothing to do with you.这和你没有关系；dreamv. 做梦，梦到dream of/ about做梦，梦