LIN_技术简介

1、2021-12-131LIN 技术简介2021-12-132|What is LIN?|Why do we use LIN?|Where?|Scheme and product Application|LIN vs CAN|LIN Protocol Overview LIN Frame Structure LIN Message Transmit LIN Physical Interface一 LIN 技术简介2021-12-133v一、一、What is LIN?vLIN (Local Interconnect Network),局部互联网络，是一种低成本的串行通讯网络，用于实现汽车中的分布

2、式电子系统控制。vLIN 的目标是为现有汽车网络(例如CAN 总线)提供辅助功能，因此LIN总线是一种辅助的总线网络，在不需要CAN 总线的带宽和多功能的场合比如智能传感器和制动装置之间的通讯，不需调整通讯的车身舒适系统等场合，使用LIN 总线可大大节省成本.vLIN技术规范中，除定义了基本协议和物理层外，还定义了开发工具和应用软件接口。vLIN 通讯是基于SCI(UART)数据格式，采用单主控制器/多从设备的模式，仅使用一根12V 信号总线，和一个无固定时间基准的节点同步时钟线。v这种低成本的串行通讯模式和相应的开发环境已经由LIN 协会制定成标准 (如今, 已有对应ISO标准了).vLIN

3、的标准化将为汽车制造商以及供应商在研发应用,操作系统降低成本.2021-12-134vLIN的主要特性: 低成本，基于通用UART接口，几乎所有微控制器都具备LIN必需的硬件； 极少的信号线即可实现国际标准ISO9141规定； 传输速率最高可达20kbit/s； v单主控器/多从设备模式，无需仲裁机制； 从节点不需晶振或陶瓷震荡器就能实现自同步，节省了从设备的硬件成本； 保证信号传输的延迟时间； v不需要改变LIN从节点的硬件和软件就可以在网络上增加节点； 通常一个LIN网络上节点数目小于12个，共有64个标志符。WHAT?2021-12-135二、二、WHY?Speed bit/sBytef

4、lightoptical busLINmaster-slavesingle wire busno quartzCAN-Bevent triggeredfault tolerantdual wireCAN-Cevent triggereddual wireTTx (in definition) time triggeredfault tol, dependable2x2 wire25.6M20K2M1M125Kincremental cost per node $D2B, MOSTtoken ringoptical bus124.510LIN fits in at the low end of

5、in car multiplexing, making a LIN system a cost effective solution 2021-12-136WHERE? 三、LIN的应用场合 典型的LIN 总线应用是汽车中的联合装配单元，如门、方向盘、座椅、空调、照明灯、湿度传感器、电机等，对于这些成本比较敏感的单元LIN 可以使那些机械元件如智能传感器、制动器或光敏器件得到较广泛的使用、这些元件可以很容易的连接到汽车网络中。并得到十分方便的维护和服务。 在LIN 实现的系统中通常将模拟信号量用数字信号量所替换，这将使总线性能优化。2021-12-137v在以下的汽车电子控制系统中使用LIN

6、来实现将得到非常完美的效果v 1.车顶（ 湿度传感器、光敏传感器、信号灯控制、雨滴传感器、天窗）v2.车门（车窗玻璃、中枢锁、车窗玻璃、后视镜、面板）v3.车头、车尾（传感器、电子扇、灯组件）v4.车内（组合开关、雨刷电机、无线电、空调、国内照明等）v5.座椅（ 座椅电机、转速传感器、面板）WHERE?2021-12-138Motorolas schemeCANCANPower TrainLightSub-BusITSWindow LiftInteriorLightLockMirrorLockMirrorLockLockSeatHtngSeatHtngInstrumentsCentralBod

7、y CtrlClimateUniversal MotorUniversal PanelLightRoof1 backbone, 13 nodes8 subnets, 1-8 local nodes52 nodes totalSt-Wheel Panelx6HtngHtngSeatWiperTrunkWHtgUniversal Light2021-12-139 Door/window/seat: Mirror,Central ECU, Switch, Window Lift,Seat Control Switch,Door Lock, etc.Roof:(high amount of wirin

8、g)Rain Sensor, Light Sensor, Light Control, Sun Roof (Rain Sensor needs to be interrogated every 10-20ms)Seat:many Seat Position Motors,Occupancy Sensor,Control PanelSteering Wheel:(very many controls are going to be positioned on the steering wheel)Cruise Control, Wiper,Turning Light, Optional: Cli

9、mate Control, Radio, Telephone, etc.Climate: many Small MotorsControl PanelLight:Beam, Fog light, Flash Light2021-12-131010电子扇喷水雨刮器Steering wheelECUControl LineLIN BUSCAN BUS转向灯远 灯近 灯雾 灯转向灯远 灯近 灯雾 灯CAN总线LIN总线LIN总线倒车灯刹车灯夜 灯转向灯刹车灯夜 灯转向灯倒车灯线束面板中控单元牌照灯电源线2021-12-1311ECU & GatewayCANSCISatellite 1SCI

10、Satellite 2LIN phys IFSCILIN phys IFSatellite 3SCILIN phys IFSatellite 4SCILIN phys IFLIN phys IFECU & GatewayCANSatellite 1Satellite 2Satellite 3Satellite 4CANCANCANCANLINCAN-BCost Factors:CAN ModuleDual Wire Interface Crystal 5V supply for bus 2nd Wire / ConnectorCAN phys IFCAN phys IFCAN phys

11、 IFCAN phys IFCAN phys IFCANphysIF5V5V5V5V5V5VCAN-CCAN-B 2021-12-1312LIN CAN媒体访问控制 单主机多主机总线速率(kbps)2.419.662500标识符长度6位标准帧11位扩展帧29位网络节点数 214220编码方式 NRZ 8NRZ W/位添充 每帧数据字节 18 BYTE18 BYTE错误检测8位经典/扩展校验和15位循环冗余码校验总线最大长度40米40米物理层单线差分, 双绞线晶体振荡器精度要求1.5%较高0.5%LIN和CAN协议在车身应用中的主要特性比较 2021-12-1313LIN Protocol Ve

12、rsionDaimler-ChryslerAUDIVWVolvoBMWLINSpecVCTConsortium formed in 1998.Five Car manufacturersONE Semiconductor Supplier (Motorola)One tool Supplier (VCT)Version LIN1.0 is issued on 01/07/99Version LIN1.1 is issued on 06/03/00Version LIN1.2 is issued on 17/11/00Version LIN1.3 is issued on 13/12/02Ver

13、sion LIN2.0 is issued on 16/09/03Version LIN2.1 is issued on 24/11/06Version LIN2.2 is issued on 31/12/10Open Specification.LIN2.0 is a superset of LIN1.3. New features:Enhanced checksum,Reconfiguration and diagnosticsAutomatic baud rate detectionResponse_error status monitoringhttp:/www.lin-subbus.

14、org 2021-12-1314The LIN Steering Group would like to inform you that it has concluded its work with the finalization of the LIN Specification 2.2.A.Currently the latest LIN specification is being transcribed to the ISO (International Organization for Standardization) as part of the process to be acc

15、epted as ISO standard ISO 17987 Part 1-7. The LIN Supplier ID maintenance will be handled by Mr. Lawlis (LIN ISO Task Force Leader). /2021-12-1315LIN Standard - OverviewSoftwareLevelHardwareLevelECU(LIN relevant functions only)Operating SystemBus TransceiverApplicationCommunication

16、ManagerVehicle NetworkLIN API SpecificationLIN Protocol SpecificationLIN Physical Layer Spec.LIN Config. LanguageLIN Conformance Test SpecificationLIN Diagnostic & Configuration Spec.Interface between net and application programBit rate, clock tolerances ,etcData link layerProvide diagnostic msg

17、s and node config.2021-12-1316LIN Message Frame0 to 8 data fieldschecksummessage responsemessage headersynch break13 dominant bitSynchronizationBreak fieldsynch fieldSynchronization field0 x55identifierIdentifier FieldMessage2021-12-1317Data TransmissiontimeMaster TasktimeSlave Tasknext synch fieldi

18、nter-framespacingsynchfield2 byte1 byteresponse spacingidentifierfieldblock paritydatamaster control unitslave taskmaster taskslave control unitslave taskslave control unitslave taskpolling13 bitBreak0 x55Next 13 bit break18LIN Communication - Data from Slave to Masterdata bytedata bytechecksumsynch

19、 field identifier synch break Slave NodeSlave Task TransSlave Task RecMaster NodeLIN Master TaskSlave Task TransSlave Task Recquartz Single-master / multi-slave protocol Time triggered, no arbitration Identifier denotes message content, not physical address Multicast messages Baud rate synchronization through protocol Power saving sleep mode2021-12-1319LIN Communication - Data from Slave to SlaveSlave Node ASlave Task TransSlave Task RecSlave Node BSlave Task TransSlave Ta