名词解释74999

1、精品文档三：名词解释1:Autobiography(自传 )Autobiographyisa branch of literaturewhich isan account of a persons life.Autobiographysimplypresents witha more elegant and formallyordered versionof the writers experiencesand memories.2:Legend( 传奇 )Astoryor group of storieshandeddownthroughpopularoraltradition,usuall

2、y consistingof an exaggeratedor unreliableaccountof someactuallyor possibly historicalperson oftena saint, monarch, or popular hero.Legends are sometimes distinguishedfrom myths in thatthey concern humanbeingsratherthan gods, and sometimes inthatthey have somesort of historicalbasiswhereas myths do

3、not;but thesedistinctionsare difficultto maintainconsistently.The term wasoriginallyappliedto accountsofsaints'lives,but is nowappliedchieflyto fancifultalesofwarriors,criminals,and other sinners;or morerecentlyto thosebodies of biographicalrumor and embroideredanecdote surroundingdead filmstars

4、and rock musicians.3:Gothic romance(哥特式浪漫 )Atypeof novelthat flourishedinthe late18th and early19th cent in England. Gothicromanceswere mysteries,ofteninvolvingthe supernaturalandheavilytingedwith horror,and theywere usuallysetagainstdark backgrounds ofmedieval ruinsand haunted castles.4:Transcenden

5、talism(先验论 )( 超越主义 )Transcendentalism isthe summit of the Romantic Movementinthe history ofAmerican literaturein the 19th century.Transcendentalismhas been defined philosophicallyas “ the recognitionin manof the capacity of knowing truthintuitively” . Transcendentalistsplace emphasis on the importan

6、ce of theOver-soul,theindividual and Nature5: American Realism( 美国现实主义 )As a literarymovementrealismcameinthe latterhalfof the nineteenth century as a reactionagainst “the lie ” of romanticismand sentimentalism.it pursues the verisimilitudeofdetailderivedfrom observation.In matters of style,therewas

7、contrastbetween thegenteeland gracefulprose and the vernacular dictionand rough and ready frontierhumor.6:American TallTales( 离奇故事 )。1欢迎下载精品文档TallTalesare exaggeratedand imaginarystoriesfrom the 1800's.They were made-upto tellabout thecourage manyhad while exploringand adventuring to the "W

8、ILD, WILD,WEST".These storiesentertainedpeople around campfires,on steamboats,and manyotherplaces.7:Sentimentalnovel( 伤感小说 )Sentimentalnovel, broadlyspeaking,isany novel thatexploitsthereaders capacityfor tenderness,compassion, or sympathy toa disproportionatedegree by presentinga beclouded or

9、unrealisticview of itssubject.The sentimentalnovelexalted feelingabove reason and raisedthe analysisof emotiontoa fine art.8:Lost Generation( 迷惘的一代 )The LostGenerationis a term used to describea group of American writerswho were rebellingagainstwhat America had becomeby the 1900s.Seeking thebohemian

10、lifestyleand rejectingthe values of American materialism,a numberof intellectuals,poets,artistsand writersfledtoFrance in the post World WarI years.Pariswasthe centerof itall.Fullofyouthfulidealism,theseindividuals soughtthe meaning of life,drank excessively,had love affairsand created someof the fi

11、nestAmerican literatureto date.9:American Puritanism( 美国清教主义 )The word puritanis derivedfrom pure or holy.Puritanswanted tomakepuretheirreligiousbeliefsand practices.They are a group ofradicalprotestants.They wished torestoresimplicityto church services.Biblewasthe only trueauthority.10:Commonmeter(

12、 普通格律 )Also knownas regularmeter. Ithas quatrains.Alternatingtetrameterandtrimester.Often 1st and 3rd linesrhyme, 2nd and 4th linesrhyme in iambicmeter.11:FreeverseIt isa form of poetry without a regularrhyme schemeor meter. Instead,itrelieson alliteration,assonance,imagery,and parallelstructure.12:

13、 Anti-Transcendentalism(反先验论 )Anti-TranscendentalismcontrastsTranscendentalism,which focuseson thedarkness of humansoul.They embracedthe existence ofsinand evil,makin。2欢迎下载精品文档g their works verydark in nature.They are not optimistic.13:Naturalism(自然主义 )Aliterarymodedeveloped inthe latenineteenthand

14、early twentiethcenturies,isan extreme form of realism. The naturalists portraypeople and eventsobjectivelyand preciselywithoutidealizingthem.They view people as part of the animalworld. The charactersin naturalistic writingsare always victimsofexternal forcesand internaldriveswithout controlor fullk

15、nowledge of them.14:RomanceAs a literarykind of highculture,romance or chivalricromanceisa styleof heroicprose and verse narrativethat waspopular in the aristocraticcirclesofHigh Medieval and Early ModernEurope. They were fantasticstories about marvel-filledadventures.Romancesreworked legends,fairyt

16、ales,and historyto suitthe readers'and hearers'tastes. 15:WaldenIt iswrittenby Henry David Thoreau in1854. In Walden, Thoreau recordsboth his experiment in self-sufficientnaturallivingand his ideasabout nature,humansociety,and the proper wayforpeople to livewhenhe livedinWaldenformorethen2 years.In a seriesofessays,linkedby themes and the progressionof theseasons, Thoreau describes buildinghis owncabin andlivingalone in the woodsbeside WaldenPond.16:Moby DickXIt iswrittenby HermanMelville.Ahabwasthe captain of Pequod. BecauseMoby biteoffone of his le