《物流英语》习题及答案3

1、第三单元运输管理Transportation ManagementPart II. Lead-in 课程导入1. What are the advantages of various transportations?2. Generally speaking, what are the common modes of transportation?3. What kinds of freight are suitable for sea transportation?4. What are the permanent structures that a railway system may i

2、nclude?5. Why is it impractical for road transport to replace rail transportation?参考答案：Open questions.Questions:Please answer the following questions after reading this article.Explain the important role transportation plays in logistics system.Describe the five modes of transportation and their cha

3、racteristics.参考答案：Open questions.Part V. Listening and Speaking 听说1. Please read the following fundamental material and discuss specified questions.Please divide the students into small groups and discuss the following questions.参考答案：1) There are basically two ways that metals shippers are handling

4、the expenses that have mushroomed for transportation methods over the past three years.2) Yes.3) Lombard is Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals.4) According to the article, the causes of logistics cost is transportation and other shipper and distribution administration-related costs.5)T

5、hyssen Krupp ' s best opportunity to cut costs is to cross-sell freight services within its own organization.2. Please listen carefully to the following sentences read by the teacher and translate them out.参考答案：1) The public provision (federal, state, and local government units) of highways has

6、played a major role in the development of the motor carrier because of the ubiquitous level of accessibility provided by the comprehensive U.S. highway system.公共公路(联邦，州和地方政府的) 在汽车承运的发展中起到了重要的作用，因为美国公路系统提供了全面而又无处不达的水平。2) The general service characteristics of motor carriers including accessibility, s

7、peed, reliability, frequency, and lower loss and damage rates, have given motor carriers an advantage over other modes.汽车运营商一般的服务特点包括可访问性，速度，可靠性，频率，和较低的丢失和损坏率，这些特点使它优于其他模式。3) Intermodal service (TOFC) has received renewed interest since 1990, and there has been a dramatic growth in the movement of s

8、uch traffic by railroads.联运服务(铁路平板车)自 1990 年以来就受到了关注，并且在铁路这样的运输中有了极大的增长。4) In recent years ,the railroads has become more specialized in terms of the traffic they carry, with the emphasis being on low-value , high-density, bulk products, however, there is some evidence of a resurgence of selected ma

9、nufactured products such as transportation equipment.近年来， 就使用的交通而言铁路变的更具专业化， 由于对低价值， 高密度， 散装产品的强调。然而，有一些证据，即选定制成品的复兴，如交通运输设备。5) The express portion of air freight has grown dramatically. A growing number of commodities use air freight service, and increased growth is expected.空运快递部分有已大幅增长。越来越多的商品使用空

10、运服务，并提高了增长预期。6) The domestic water carrier system can be classified in terms of inland carriers (rivers, canals, and Great Lakes) and costal/ intercostals carriers, all three of which are vital to water transportation.国内的水输送系统可分为内陆承运人(河流，运河和大湖)和沿海/沿海间的运营商，这三种是重要的水上运输。7) Pipeline services are slow an

11、d have limited accessibility, but it is also very reliable with little or no loss and damage.管道服务是缓慢的，便利性是有限的，但也是很可靠的，很少或根本没有损失和损害。8) The transportation user is not confined to firms and services of the basic modes.运输用户并不局限于公司和服务的基本模式。3. Please listen carefully to the sentences read by the student a

12、nd translate them out.参考答案：1) The private carrier is a very important part of the motor carrier industry and a viable option to large and small companies requiring special services, such as grocery or food deliveries. The need of U.S. industry for dependable and controlled service has also contribut

13、ed to the development.私营运营商是汽车承运行业一个非常重要的部分，对于要求特殊服务的大型和小型企业而 言，它是一个不错的选择。如杂货店或食物配送，美国产业界对可靠而又可控的服务的需求 也促使这种发展。2) The motor carrier industry plays a major role in the movement of manufactured and food products (i.e., higher-valued, time-sensitive traffic) because of its generally higher quantity of

14、service compared to other modes of transportation.汽车承运行业在制造和食品(即，价值较高的，时间敏感的流量)流通中起着重要的作用， 因为和其他运输模式相比其服务质量普遍较高。3) Long-distance truckload carriers and other motor-carrier companies such as UPS Company have also begun to use rail intermodal service.长途卡车运营商和其他7车承运公司，如UPS公司也开始使用铁路联运服务。4) The airline i

15、ndustry is dominated by revenue from passenger service, but air freight revenue is growing in importance.航空业是客运服务收入为主，但空运收入的重要性与日俱增。5) Speed is the major advantage of airlines for both passengers and freight, but the airlinesof service has been offset recently by congestion and fewer flights.速度是客运和货

16、运的主要优势，但最近这种优势服务已被拥挤和较少的航班所抵消了。6) Water carriers offer low-cost services, but their transit time is slow and can be interrupted by weather conditions. Accessibility and potential product damage are also service disadvantages. 水运营商提供低成本的服务，但运输时间是缓慢的而且可被天气状况所中断。便利性和潜在的产品损坏也是服务的缺点。7) The pipeline indus

17、try is a component of our transportation industry (more than 20 percent of intercity ton-miles）, but it is largely invisible to many people.管道行业是我国交通运输行业的一个组成部分（超过20%的城际吨英里），但它在很大程度上是很多人看不到的。8) Intermodal transportation involves the joint efforts of two or more modes to complete the through movement

18、.多式联运在两种或两种以上的模式的共同努力下完成整个活动。4. Fill in the blanks as you listen to the sentences.1) Motor carriers offer a variety of equipment for use by shippers that reflect the distance of service and customer requirements.汽车运营商提供各种各样的设备供托运人使用，这反映了服务的距离和客户需求。2) The railroads have a high level of proportion of

19、fixed costs because they provide their own right-of-way and terminal facilities. Because the large railroads are multistate operators, the amount of fixed expenditures is significant.铁路具有较高比例的固定成本，因为他们提供的是自己拥有的使用权和站台设施。又因为大型铁路是各州运营商，因此固定费用是显著的。3) The higher cost of airline service can be a trade-off

20、 against lower inventory and warehousing costs, as well as other logistics-related savings.航空公司服务的高成本，可以用来降低库存和仓储成本以及其他物流相关的储蓄。4) Airline safety is a very important issue, but overall airlines have a good record.航空安全是一个非常重要的问题，但整体航空公司有一个良好的记录。5) Pipelines are very specialized in terms of commodities

21、 that they carry. Most of the traffic is oil and oil products, but they also carry natural gas, chemicals, and coal.管道是非常专业的就它们所携带的商品而言。运送的大部分是石油和石油产品，但它们也运送天然气、化工产品和煤炭。6) Air carriers offer low transit times and high rates. Four types of air carriers exist: air parcel post, express or courier servi

22、ce, passenger, and all cargo.航空运营商提供较低的运输时间和高费率。有四种类型的航空承运人：航空邮包，快递服务，客运，和货运。7) Ocean carriers consist of liners, tramps, and private carriers.远洋运输商包括班轮、不定期货轮以及私营运营商。8) Although there is always some concern about safety and environment, pipelines have been a relatively safe mode of transportation.虽然

23、总是有一些有关安全和环境的担忧，但管道已是相对安全的运输模式。Part VI. Exercises 练习1 .Translate the underlined sentences in the following passage.参考答案：Transportation is a key aspect in logistics system for it moves goods through the various stages of production to the customer in the end. 运输是物流系统中一个重要方面，他涉及将产品运送 到最终消费者之间的各个阶段。As operational expectations get more precise, performance cycles more compact, and margins for error reduced to zero, firms have come to think highly of its importance and take more me