William-Wordsworth华兹华斯-英国浪漫主义

1、2021/8/141 William WordsworthWilliam Wordsworth （1770-18501770-1850）2021/8/142I. English RomanticismII. William Wordsworth2021/8/143 I.English RomanticismI.English Romanticism Background: French RevoluctionTime: It prevailed in England during the period 17981832; Beginning: Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集 in 1

2、798End: death of Walter Scott（沃特 司各特） in 1832Walter Scott2021/8/144Features in literature:英国诗人全都是大自然的观察者、爱好者和崇拜者。对乡村和大海的热爱对高级动物的喜爱和对一般动物世界的熟悉明显的个人独立性，作家们都很有点个人癖性讲求实际的道德观和人生观，与追求正义的强烈意愿英国浪漫主义在发展过程中的各阶段又有着各自的一些特点 第一代浪漫主义作家不满于资本主义的发展，具有愤世嫉俗和向往大自然的倾向。 第二代浪漫主义作家坚持启蒙思想，表现出争取自由和民主的进步思想。2021/8/145Representi

3、vesEarly period: Robert Burns(罗伯特 彭斯) and William Blake(威廉 布莱克)2021/8/146Interim period: William Wordsworth: I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud(我好似一朵孤独的云) The Solitary Reaper(孤独的割麦女)Samuel Taylor Coleridge(塞缪尔 泰勒 科勒律治) The Rime of the Ancient Mariner(古舟子咏) Kubla Kham(忽必烈汗) Christabel(克里斯特贝尔) Samuel Taylor

4、 Coleridge2021/8/147Later period: Don Juan（唐璜）Ode to the West Wind（西风颂）Ode to a Nightingale（夜莺颂）Ode on a Grecim（希腊古翁颂）George Gorden Byron Percy Bysshe Shelley Keats John 2021/8/148Two opposing schools:Passive Romanticism(消极浪漫主义) Active Romanticism(积极浪漫主义)William WordsworthSamuel Taylor Coleridge（塞缪尔

5、 泰勒 科勒律治）Robert Southey（罗伯特骚塞）George Gorden Byron Percy Bysshe Shelley keats John Robert Southey（罗伯特骚塞）Robert Southey（罗伯特骚塞）2021/8/149II.II. William WordsworthWilliam WordsworthA lake poet Poet of naturePoet laureate (桂冠诗人1843-1850)A leader of English Romanticism 1770-18502021/8/1410The Lake Poets 湖

6、畔三才子 The Lake Poets: William Wordsworth Samuel Taylor Coleridge （塞缪尔 泰勒 科勒律治） Robert Southey （罗伯特骚塞）2021/8/1411 The Lake Poets They had lived in the lake district in the northwestern part of England and shared a community of literary and social outlook in their work. 2021/8/1412Lake District2021/8/1

7、413Poet laureate (桂冠诗人)起源： “桂冠”这一称号起源于中世纪的大学，当学生掌握了语法、修辞、诗歌，学校就为他戴上桂冠，以示他获得学位。后来，这个称号用于在诗歌创作上有显著成就的人，而且作为称颂乔叟和彼特拉克的标准方式。William Wordsworth是1843-1850的桂冠诗人。改革： 1998年之前的桂冠诗人是终身的，自安德鲁莫辛开始，桂冠诗人制度出现变革，此后桂冠诗人不再是终身的，而改为十年任期。同时，桂冠诗人的年薪也不再是象征性的100英镑外加一桶雪莉葡萄酒，而是变为大约5000英镑外加一桶雪莉葡萄酒。2021/8/1414Main life of Willi

8、am Wordswth (1770-1850)Birthplace: Cockermouth(科克茅斯), Cumberland(坎伯兰郡), in the Lake District in 1770. Orphanage: at the age of 14.Education: was educated at Cambridge University in 1787.Migration: moved back to countryside in 1795.2021/8/1415Publishment: knowned Coleridge and published Lyrical Balla

9、ds in 1797.Traveling: traveled in France and Switzerland.Marriage: married Mary Hutchinson in 1802.Honor: became Poet Laureate in 1843.Death: died of pneumonia in 1850.2021/8/1416William Wordsworths Birthplace2021/8/1417Dove CottageHis first home in the lakes2021/8/1418Gravestone of Wordsworth, Gras

10、mere2021/8/1419Major worksLyrical Ballads（1798、1880）Preference to the Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集序Lines Composed A Few Miles above Tintem Abbey丁登寺Lines Written in Early Spring早春诗行She Dwelt among the Untrodden Ways她住在人迹罕至处Poems, in Two Volumes（1807）My Heart Leaps Up我的心激烈的跳跃London, 1802伦敦，一八零二年The Solitary R

11、eaper孤独的割麦者I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud我好似一朵孤独的云2021/8/1420Main features of Willim Wordsworths worksBack to natureDeep love of natureAppeal to individual sensationsAttention to humble(普通的) folk of rural lifeSimplicity and purity in language2021/8/1421William Wordsworths influence 华兹华斯的诗歌理论动摇了英国古典主义诗学的统治，有力地推动了英国诗歌的革新和浪漫主义运动的发展，因而英美评论家将华兹华斯的Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集序称为英国浪漫主义的宣言。2021/8/1422The Solitary Reaper 华兹华斯曾多次到苏格兰各地游历，广泛接触大自然和乡村风土民情。这首诗据说就是他游历时的收获。 另一