动词不定式的被动语态

1、动词不定式的被动语态一、复习各种时态的被动语态 被动语态的基本结构 : be+ done以 the book , publish为例：一般现在 / 过去时： The book.一般/过去将来时 : The book .The book .现在/过去进行时： The book .现在/过去完成时 :The book .情态动词： The book .二： 动词不定式的被动语态1. 动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式：1）一般式 （not/never ） to be done2）完成式 （not/ never）to have been done（表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）2. 动词不定式的被动

2、语态在句子中的作用1）做主语（常用 it 做形式主语）To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous.（ 或者： ）被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。2）做表语The party is to be held next Saturday evening. 明年，这种新药将在 500 个过度肥胖的人上进行试验。3）做宾语She didn 't like to be treated as a child.He pretended to have been beaten by his step-father. 这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。

3、4）做宾语补足语Tony expected the house to be completely transformed. 这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座电影院。5）做定语What a victory to be envied by those women! 英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲。6) 做状语All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for Christmas.他匆忙赶到订票处( booking office )却被告知所有的票都卖完了。3. 在下列情况中用不定式

4、的主动形式表示被动意思。1） 不定式作后置定语， 与被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系， 但又与 该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时He has nothing to eat.（分析： eat （动 f nothing 宾 / he 主eat 谓）I will give you a book to read .（分析： 动宾/主f 谓 ）这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。 注意：若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式则必须用被动式比较： I have a lot of letters to type . （我有很多信件要打印： I willtype the letter）I have a lot

5、 of letters to be typed. （意思为： I get sb. to type the letter）I 'll go to NewYork. Have you anything （take） to your wifethereDo you have any clothes （wash） , sir ” asked the maidI cannot go out now as I have a lot of clothes （wash）2） 在“主语+表语（形容词） to do” 中， 主语也是不定式的逻辑宾语 , 即不定 式动词和主语之间是动宾关系。This que

6、stion is easy to answer. （分析： answer （ 动）this question（宾） 注意：如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。John is difficultto deal with. （ 分 析 ：（动）（ 宾） ）这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。 这题目很难算出来。 3. There be 结构中，用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语，区别不大。There is a lot of work to do / to be done. （多用主动形式 ）没有什么可担心的。 一、填空 . ( 请用 to do , to be doing, to have done, to

7、 be done, to have been done )1. It will take several weeks for your computer to (repair)2. I knew him (catch) by the police.3. A vote is required (take) in our companyat once.4. This makes it possible for them (make) metals into anyrequired shapes5. Dick sped on the motorway only (fine)6. When some

8、money went missing from the bank, Thomas was believed _ (steal) it.7. The book is said to (translate) into severallanguages.8. I feel greatly honored (welcome) into theirsociety .9. Come on! It is an easy sentence (translate).10. When I came in, he pretended to .(read)11. All these gifts must be mai

9、led immediately (receive) in time for Christmas.12. Mrs Smith warned her daughter (not drive) afterdrinking.13. Hearing the good news, he was too excited (speak).14. It happened (rain) when I got there.15. I am terribly sorry (lose) your key.16. I am sorry (say )that he is going from bad to worse.17

10、. He asked(send) to the place where he was most needed.18. What he hoped was(admit) into the university19. He got to the station only (find) all the tickets had beensold out.20. I am sorry (keep) you waiting so long.21. On their return the father asked his son (explain) what hehad learnt.22. .My adv

11、isor encouraged me (take) a summercourse to improvemy writing skills.23. don't knowwhether you happen (hear), but I 'mgoingto study in the this September.24. 4. The flu is believed (cause) by viruses that like toreproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.25. He seems ( punish) by his teacher yesterday.26. (save ) the badly sick lady, the doctor had an operationon her.27. He was too frightened (say) anything.28. The school ordered all the classroom( clean ).29. My grandmother seems to have a lot (worry) about.letter30. I am going to the post office.Do you have any(post)