新概念英语第一册101-110课自学笔记(很全、很好)

1、Lesson 101write wrote written 1. Read Jimmy 's card to me , Penny.read后面接了两个宾语，一个是 Jimmy' S Care一个是me,所以，这句话还可以这样来说：Read me Jimmy's card please.2. 直接引语和间接引语“I have juSt arrived in SCotland and I 'm Staying at a Youth HoStel ”这是一个 直接引语 的例子。直接引语是英文中用书面语的形式来表示口语的方式,实际的话要放在引号 之间,句尾的标点符号也

2、要放在引号之内。下面三句都属于间接引语：He SayS he'S juSt arrived in SCotland.He SayS he'S Staying at a Youth HoStel.He SayS he'llwrite a letter Soon.3. the YHA=the Youth HoStelS ASSoCiation青年招待所协会。简称“青招协”。the Youth Hostel是一种为参加野外探险度假活动的青年人提供廉价住宿的招待所。这种青年招待所实行会员制,首先要加入“青招协”才有资格享受这种待遇。在组织机构的前面，我们通常要加上定冠词the，

3、例如：the United Nations联合国the International OlympiC Committee国际奥委会4 .speak up，大声地说。还可以这样说：LOUder , please.5. hear 禾口 listen tohear 听见，听到强调的是结果I' m afraid I Can ' t hear you.listen to 听强调的是动作Listen to me, please.6. 下列从句中，都省略了that。He says he's just arrived in SCotland .He says he's stayi

4、ng at a Youth Hostel .He says he'llwrite a letter soon .You know he' s a member of the Y.H.A.I' m afraiIdCan ' t hear yo. uI hope you are all well .He hopes we are all well .7 .Love， Jimmy 爱你的吉米。Yours， Jimmy 你的，吉米。这是朋友间通信时常用的结束语。8. He doesn'tsay very muCh,does he? 这是一个反意疑问句它的回答如下

5、：No, he doesn't. 是的，他没有写多少。Yes, he does. 不，他写了很多。She went to Paris last month,didn 'tshe?Yes, she did.是的，他去巴黎了。No , she didn 't.不，他没有去。这是英文中的反意疑问句，它是由两部分组成的，前面是一个陈述句，逗号之后是一个简略问句。反意 疑问句可以用来确认自己的判断，获取真实的信息，还可以用来表示惊讶、愤怒等感情。如果前一部分陈述句是肯定形式，简略问句就要用否定形式；如果前一部分是否定形式，后一部分则用肯定形式。9. He Can 'wri

6、te Very much On a card.I Write to my family regularly.Write to 给某人写信The teacher wrote the an SWerS On the blackboard .10. 本课基本句型：（都省略了 that）I'm afraid He saysHe hopesI'm afraid I Can 'thear you .He SayS he'll Write a Ietter Soon .He hopes We are all well .11.反意疑问句冃疋式，+ 否疋式？否疋式，+ 冃疋式？

7、be动词The Pen is yours, isn 'it?Yes, it is.No, it isn' t.That WaS a Wonderful night, WaSn' it?Yes, it was.No, it WaSn ' t.You aren ' a teacher are you?Yes, I am .No, I ' m not.一般 动词LUCy likes English ,doesn ' she?Yes, it does.No, it doesn' t.Tom is Skating, isn 'he?

8、Yes, he is.No, he isn ' t.You don ' StUdy Chinese, do you?Yes, We do.No, We don ' t.情态 动词Your brother Can swim, Can ' he?Yes, he can.No, he Can ' t.The WOrkerS had to take the first bus, didn ' they?Yes, they did.No, they didn' t.Your brother Can ' swim, Can he?Yes, h

9、e can.No, he Can ' t.现在 完成 时Tom has lived here for many years, hasn ' he?Yes, he has.No, he has ' t.He hasn ' been to the Great Wall, has he?Yes, he has.No, he has ' t.12. 直接引语和间接引语当我们引用别人的话时，我们可以用别人的原话，也可以用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来。当直接引用的句子为不同类型时，间接引用的句式变化很大。当我们引用别人说话时，若引用的是原话，被引用的部分叫做直接引语

10、。当我们要引用别人的话语时，可以用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来，被引用的部分叫做间接引语。直接引语间接引语She said, "I like English Very much .” Mike asked, “When will our plane Iand ?”She Said She liked En glish Very much . Mike asked When their pla ne would Iand(1) 只须将原话放在引号之中，不做任何改动。(2) 没有时态呼应的问题。(3) 引用原话前可以用，厂”,也可以用：“”。(4) 原话的末尾，按其类别放一个句号或问号等

11、。(1) 不要逗号、冒号、引号。(2) 要考虑到人称的变化。(3) 要考虑到时态的变化。(4) 要考虑到时间状语、地点状语和指示代词 的变化。He said, " I ' m SIeelPyHe Said that he WaS sleepy.She said, “Your younger brother broke it .”She Said that my youn ger brother had broke n it. ”He said, " I have lived in Beijing SinCe 1950.”He Said that he had liv

12、ed in Beijing SinCe 1950.13.宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中做主句的宾语。连接宾语从句的有从属连词、连接代词和连接副词三类词。这三 类词在句中的功能各异，请看下表。I注意：宾语从句中的语序。词类在句中的功能举例中文释义例句从属 连词that在句中不担任成分，可省略。that一般不译I believe that this house is for sale.I believe they will arrive shortly.Whether ， if在句中也不担任成分，但都不能省略。Whether是否We don ' know if / Whether our te

13、aches will atte nd the class meeti ng.if是否连接 代词除了在句中起连接作用外，还 在 从句中担任成分，做主语、宾语、 定语。who谁（主格）I know who did the good deed. whom谁（宾格）whose谁的（所有格）What什么，所.的You must take back What you said.WhiCh哪个He asked me WhiCh Shirt I liked best.连接 副词除了在句中起连接作用外，还 在从句中担任成分，做状语。Whe n什么时候I Want to know When the pla ne

14、will take off.Where什么地方He asked me Where he would arrive.how怎样，如何PIeaSe tell me how I Can get there.Why为什么，的原因，之所以OUr teacher asked me Why I WaS late.LeSSOn 102SaySthinksfeels * ,believeshas (got).knowsheneeds .hopesWantS * * is araidCan . * iis s<rrymust + + *is SllreWilI 1. tiredWhat does he sa

15、y?He SayS he feels tired.2. thirstyWhat do they say?They Say they are thirsty.3. a headacheWhat 'the matter With her?She SayS SheS got a headache.4. a n earacheWhat 'the matter With her?She SayS She has an earache.5. a lice nceWhat does She n eed?She SayS She n eeds a lice nce.6. some money

16、What do they want? They say they want some money.7. catch What must he do ? He says he must catch the bus.8. repair What can he do? He says he can repair this bus.9. sell What will he do? He says he will sell the house.1. How WaS the exam,Richard?LeSSOn 103这句话还可以这样说：HoW did the exam go?2. Not too ba

17、d.不算太坏Pretty good 还不错3.I think I PaSSed in English and MathematiCS .我想我的英语和数学及格了。 动词pass;如果说通过某一科目，则用PaSS in。如果说通过某一个考试，直接用fail不及格PaSS / fail the English PaPer / test / exam4. PaPer这个词当"试卷”讲时，是可数名词。PaP er当"纸张”讲时，是不可数名词。PaPer还可以当"论文”讲。the English and MathS PaPerS ,英文和数学卷子。 a PieCe of P

18、aPer.HaVe you finiShed your PaPer ?5 .How about . . . ?怎么样?相当于我们前面学过的What about. . ?用于征求他人意见或询问情况。What about you?How about going to FranCe for our next holiday?6 .easy enough for me,是指对我来说不难，我可以完成和通过。 而too difficult for me是指对我来说太难了，无法完成和通过。“ for ”对于某人来说。The house isn'big enoUgh for us.形容词+en OUg

19、h to do sth. 十分（足够） She'sold enoUgh to make her OWn decisiOnSHe is rich enoUgh to buy a plane .enough如果修饰形容词或副词，它必须放在形容词或副词的后面，例如上面两例。enough还可以做形容词来修饰名词，则放在名词的前面、后面都可以。I have money eno Ugh to buy a dict ion ary.I have n 'got eno Ugh money to Pay for that car.7. BUt I couldn 'answer the r

20、est.the rest of the queati ons.8. They Were too difficult for me.too 过于too+for Sb / Sth +to do对于某人（某物）来说，太 以至不能 ThiS Pair of shoes are too small for me .The questi On is too difficult US to an SWer .too +形容词/副词+ to do 太，（以至于）不能（做）He is too young to go to school .9. French tests are awful,aren 't

21、hey?awful可以形容人或物，表示“很可怕”、“很糟糕”、“很讨厌”。hate在口语中常用来表示非常强烈的语气。I hate them.I hate traffic jams.我很讨厌堵车I hate tel Iing lies.我讨厌撒谎10.1' m SUre I 've got a low mark.a high markI' m SUre I've done badly / well.11. cheer up,振作起来。可以用来鼓励你的同学、朋友或同事等。12. PerhaPS We didn'oOdoadly . too badly 那么糟

22、糕。13. The guy next to me wrote his name at the top of the paper. guy 口语中常用，相当于 person。The PerSon beside meat the top of在顶端、在上方at the bottom of 在末端、在底端14. 文中的yes?相当于And then?意思是：然后呢？然后怎么了？15. Then he Sat there and looked at it for three hours . for three hours 连续三个小时。16. 本课基本句型I could an SWer the que

23、sti ons.They Were Very easy.I couldn ' anSWer the questions.They Were too difficult.The questiOn Were easy enoUgh for me to answer.The question Were too difficult for me to answer.17. 名词(1 )名词的种类分类例词专有 名词指人、地方、团体、机构 等特有的名称。它的第一 个字母必须大写。专有名 词前一般不加冠词。表示人名Li Bai李白LU XUn鲁迅Mr. DiCk 迪克先生Chairman HU胡主席

24、表示地名China 中国Chang an Street 长安街London 伦敦Zhong Shan Park 中山公园由普通名词构成 的专有名词the Un ited StateS of AmeriCa美国the SUmmer PaIaCe颐和园普通 名词指一类人或东西或一个 抽象的名称。可数 名词个体名词表示某类人或事物中 的个体StUde nt teacherCarPanda集合名词表示右干个体组成的集合体family police army teamcrowd grouppeople不可 数名 词抽象名词表示动作、状态、品 质、感情等抽象的概 念musiccold loverestpo

25、wer （威力）物质名词表示无法分为个体的物质或实物Water teaairfirerain wood(2 )单数可数名词 如果我们要表示一本书，一只鸟，一棵树等概念时，要用名词的单数形式。表示名词的单数，要在名词 前加不定冠词a或an。例如：a bird an eggThiS is a desk.There is an Orangeon the table. a和an的使用区别a以辅音开头的名词前a booka Pena new Orangean以兀音开头的名词前an applean Old deskan Orange(3)复数可数名词规则变化规则变化例句1在一般情况下，词尾后加 -S在清辅

26、音后读sbookbooksCUPcups在浊辅音和兀音后读zbed beds其它Boys horses pages2以s、X、ch、Sh结尾的词，加-es,读作izbus busesbox boxesdishdishesWatChWatCheS 3以f或fe结尾的词，先将f或 fe变成V,再加-es,读作vzhalf halves Wife wives4以O结尾的词，词尾加es或s， 都读zhero heroespotato potatoestomato tomatoeszoozoosPia no Pia nosphoto photos5以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先 将y改为i再加es,读izC

27、ity Citiesfamily families6以兀音字母加y结尾的词，直 接加s,读zdaydaysboy boys7以th结尾的词，在词尾加 Sth读,加上S读 th读,加上S读mouth mouths Path pathsmonth mon th不规则变化不规则变化例词1兀音发生变化manmenwoma n wome nfoot feettoothteethmousemicegoose geese2词尾发生变化child ChiIdre n3单、复数形式不变fish SheeP deer Chin eseJaPa nese4有些名词只有复数形式clothes 衣服trousers裤子

28、glasses 眼睛等 Your trousers are over there 合成名词变为复数时变化例词1把第一个或最后一个词变 成复数highway highways girl friend girl friends Son-in-law Sons-in-law 女婿2把构成合成名词的两个词 都要变为复数man doctor men doctorswoma n teacherwome n teachers(4)名词的用法名词在句中可以担任除谓语外的任何成分，即主语、表语、宾语、状语、宾补、定语等例句说明1China is a great CoUn try.名词作主语2I ' m

29、SiUdent.名词作表语3All of US love Peace.名词作动词宾语4They are liste ning to music.名词作介词宾语5You should StUdy En glish SteP by step.名词作状语6The Party IaSted two hours.名词作状语7OUr school n amed our class Lei Feng class.名词作宾补8ThiS is our teachers' OffiCe名词所有格作定语9Ten minutes' walk isn ' t long.名词所有格作定语LeSSO

30、n 1041 COUId answer the questions, They Were VeIy easy.I couJdn,t answer the questions.ThCy WerC COo UilTicult.ThC questions Were CaSy CnOUgh for me to answer. The qUeStiOnS Were tcx UiffiCUtt for me to answer*1. cleveran SWer all the questi OnSCould he anSWer all the questions?Yes, he could.He WaS

31、CleVer enoUgh to anSWer them.2. stupid an SWer all the questi OnSCould he anSWer all the questions?No, he couldn '.He WaS too StUPid to anSWer them.3. cheapbuy the CarWhy could he buy the car?BeCaUSe it WaS Very cheap.4. expe nsive buy the CarWhy couldn ' he buy the car?BeCaUSe it WaS too ex

32、pe nsive.5.loUd hear the StereOWhy could they hear the stereo?BeCaUSe it WaS Very loud.6.lowhear the StereOWhy couldn ' they hear the stereo?BeCaUSe it WaS too low.7. sweeteat the OrangeCould She eat the Orange?Yes,she could.It WaS SWeet enoUgh for her to eat.8. sour eat the OrangeCould She eat

33、the Orange?No, She couldn '.It WaS too sour for her to eat.LeSS On 105spell spelt spelt 1.1 Want her.I Want to See / SPeak to her.2. Do you Want to SPeak to her?在这句话中，to SPeak是动词Want的宾语，而这个结构动词原形前加to在英文中被称为动词不定式。本课用动词不定式作宾语的例句还有：1 Want her to come to my OffiCe ；Tell her to come at once;Did you W

34、ant to See me；1 Want you to typeit again 等。3.Want的三种用法:Want sb. / sth.Want to do sth.Want sb. to do sth.I Want her.Do you Want to SPeak to her?I Want her to come to my office.4. Tell her to come at once.Tell Sb. to do sth.它的否定式是：Tell sb. （not） to do sth.5. Can you tell me?完整意思是：Can you tell me how t

35、o spell ihtelligent '6. full of ,充满了。ThiS Ietter ' full of mistakes.The room is full of smoke.Her eyes Were full of tears.7.1 'm sorry about that. be sorry about sth.sorry 后面还可以跟从句。例如： I'm sorry I made So many mistakes.8 .And here's a little PreSent for you 。,“因此”讲。这里and表示承上启下，使上

36、下文紧密联系，当“于是”既可以修饰可数名词，也 可以修饰不可数名词。主 要用于肯定句中。a lot of lots of ple nty ofmuch 可数名词之前many不可数名词之前用于否定句或疑问句中9.many,much,a few, few, a little,little 辨析：many （多数）只能和复数可数名词连用At the Party I did n' mtakyoyeople.much （多量）只能和不可数名词连用HoW much money do you have?a feW （肯疋） feW （否定）用于可数名词BUt We have a feW small

37、differe nces,too.（有区另 U）We have feW differe nces.（没区别）a little （肯疋） little （否定）用于不可数名词They Were all Very big and Strong , and We felt a little afraid of them. Although they Were all Very big and Strong ,We felt little afraid of them.例如： We haven' t gotmuch tea or COffte.We haven ' t gotany t

38、omatoes.We have got a Iot of potatoes.10.1 hope it 'Ilhelp you.如果指出有所帮助的具体方面，我们可以用“With ”这个词。I hope it 'Ilhelp you With your spelling.I often help my mum With the cleaning.11.动词不定式基本句型 1: I Want to go.基本句型 2： He WantS to go.基本句型 3： I Wanted to go.基本句型 4： They Were asked to go.（他们被要求去）基本1是动词不

39、定式的典型用法，它有两个表示动作的词语：一个是want，另外一个是to go。Want是这个句子的主要动词，它会随着主语的人称、数和时态而变化。to go不管主语的数、人称和时态如何变化，它永远保持“to+动词原形”的形式，to go就是不定式。在基本2、3、4中，主语、时态、语态有变化，但不定式to go不受影响，毫无变化。动词不定式的基本形式是“ to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能做谓语；但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分一一主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式可以在句中担任名词、形容词、副词 的作用。动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即它可

40、以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。例如：IWantto readthebook.（我想读这本书。）主语谓语不定式read的宾语HeWantSto SPeakat the meeti ng.（他想在会议上发言。）主语谓语不定式SPeak的状语不定式前的to与做介词to的区别:不定式前面的to （也称作小品词）和做介词的to是有差别的。介词to之后要跟名词、代词的宾格,或相当于名词的词及短语做它的宾语。而不定式to之后要跟 动词原形。Want to read .（不定式的小品词）to read the book.（不定式的小品词）listen to me.（介词 to

41、）12. 本课基本句型动词不定式I Want you / him / her / them to Tell him / her / them toI Want her to come to my office.Tell her to come to my office.I don/t want you / him / her / them to Tell him / her / them not to I don 'twant her to type this Ietter again.Tell her not to type this Ietter aga in.Lesson 106

42、 I want you / him / her / them toTell him / her / them to 1. carry itWhat do you want me to do?I want you to carry it.2. correct itWhat do you want me to do?I want you to correct it.3.listen to itWhy is the boy putting a record on?Because he wants them to listen to it.4. move itThe policeman is talk

43、ing to the man and the woman.He's telling them to move it.5. try itThe woman is taking a cake to the man.She is telling him to try it.6. keep itWhat does the man tell the woman?He tells her to keep it.7. hurt yourselfWhat did she tell him?She told him not to hurt himself.8. fallWhat did she tell

44、 him?She told him not to fall.9. break itWhat did she tell him?She told him not to break it.10. cut yourselfWhat did she tell him?She told him not to cut yourself.LeSSOn 107 It ' S too small1. Do you like this dress ,madam?madam ,是对妇女的一种尊称，服务行业的人员常用此称呼；同时，对于不知姓名的女士也可以用此来表示尊重。这个单词也可拼作ma am .2.in

45、fashion 流行的Short SkirtS are in fashiOn now.They Were in fashiOn IaSt year.TheSe shoes arein fashiOn now.3. Would you like to try it?try在本句中的意思是"试穿”，我们还可以用"try on ”来表示" 试穿”。try it on代词放在on的前面try On the dress 名词放在 On的后面4. Would you like ?你愿意吗？用来表示委婉的请求或提议。Would you like to go SWimming?W

46、ould you like a glass Of water?(后面还可以跟一个名词性的词组)5.I'm afraid this green dress is too small for me as well.as well = tootoo small for me对我来说太小了6 .It's smaller than the blue one.它比那套蓝色的小一些。I think the blue dress is Prettier .在英文中，我们把一个人或物与另一个人或物进行比较时，就要用形容词的比较级。（1）规则变化构成法原级比较级最咼级一般单音节词组和部分fast快

47、adj. & adv.faster(the) fastest双音节词组，在词尾加great巨大的adj.greaterthe greatest-er（比较级）和n ear附近的adj.& adv.n earer(the) n earest-est（最高级）tall高的adj.tallerthe tallest以不发音的e结尾的单able有能力的adj.ablerthe ablest音节和少数以le结尾的large大的adj.IargerIargeSt双音节只在词尾加-r （比late晚的adj. & adv.later(the) IateSt较级）和-St （最高级）n

48、ice好的adj.nicerthe ni CeSt"辅音字母+y "结尾的双busy忙的adj.busierthe busiest音节词，将词尾的y改为early早adj. & adv.earlier(the) earliesti ,再力口 -er 禾口 -est.easy容易的adj.easierthe easiest重读闭音节词，只以一个big 大的adj.biggerthe biggest辅音字母结尾时，要双写hot 热的adj.hotterthe hottest该辅音字母-est.,再加-er和thin细、瘦adj.thi nnerthe thinn est

49、部分双音节和多音节词,beautiful漂亮的adj.more beautifulthe most beautiful在前面加more 禾口 theimportant重要的adj.more importa ntthe most importa ntmost构成比较级和最高quickly 快adv.more quickly(the) most quickly级.slowly 慢adv.more slowly(the) most slowly(2)不规则变化原级比较级最咼级good好的adj.better(the) bestwell好的adj. & adv.bad坏的adj.worse(t

50、he) worstill病的adj.badly坏adv.many多adj. & adv.more(the) mostmuch多adj. & adv.far远adj. & adv.farther(the) farthestfurther(the) furthestlittle少adj. & adv.less(the)leastold老的adj.olderthe oldestelderthe eldestlate迟的，晚的adj.laterthe IateStIatterthe last7.1 don ' t Iike the colorther. eith

51、er 用在否定句中，表示"也”。I don ' t like the coloas well.either与too的用法比较：too 一般用于肯定句，通常放在句末，前面有逗号，否定句中用either.You are a stude nt.l am a stude nt,too.You aren ' t a teacher.I am not a teacher,either.HiS elder SiSter StUdieS En glish.I StUdy it,too.He doesn ' t like SWimming.l don' t like i

52、t,either.8.It doesn't SUit me at all.suit “适合” ，at all用在否定句中，表示强调。The color doesn 'tgo along With / fit you. go along With / fit 意思禾口 SUit 相同 The job SUitS him.9. Could you show me another blue dress?Could you . . ?用在表示请求，比 Can you . ?更婉转客气。例：Could you tell me the Way to the post office?请你告诉

53、我去邮局怎么走好吗Could you PaSS me that book?10.1 Want a dress Iike that One和那件一样的衣服11. but it must be my size.the large SiZe大号the small SiZe小号12 .This is the IargeSt dress in the shop .这是店里最大的一件衣服。the。最句中使用了形容词的最高级，它是在形容词原级后面加上-est ,在最高级形容词之前要加定冠词高级用在将一个人或物与其他一个以上的人或物作比较时。13. 本课基本句型The blue dress is small.

54、The green dress is smaller than the blue one.都限制了一定的范围The green dress is the smallest dress in the shop. of them all.I ' Ve ever se.enLeSS On 108 How do they compare?1. talltaller tallestSOPhie is tall.Paul is taller than Sophie.HanS is the tallest StUde nts in OUr class.2. hothotter hottestIt is hot today.It WaS ho