高中英语省略句

1、2021/8/141Unit 2 GrammarEllipsis(省略省略)Module 82021/8/142一、 省略句的定义 省略是为了避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。省略在语言中，尤其在对话中，是一种十分普遍的现象。 2021/8/143二、 句子成分的省略-why-why省略前提：主谓宾，定状表，如有重复可删掉。省略原则：词语省略后，不致令人费解。省略类型： 1. 心照不宣型(用于祈使句和某些现成的简单句中)； 2. 承前省后型(用于对话、并列句和动词不定式中)； 3. 可有可无型(用于宾从中的that、定从中作宾语 的whom,which,that和某些状

2、从中); 4. 虚拟倒装型(只用于需要倒装的虚拟条件句中)。2021/8/144三、句子成分的省略情况-how 1.省略主语，主谓语或主谓的一部分2.省略不定式符号to3.省略作宾语的不定式短语4.省略状语从句中的S+be5.省略定从、宾从中的引导词6.省略虚拟语气中的if和should7.省略名词性从句或从句的部分用not,so,neither,nor“替代”2021/8/145 1.省略主语、主谓语或主谓的一部分心照不宣型心照不宣型(用于祈使句和某些现成的简单句中用于祈使句和某些现成的简单句中) .2021/8/1461.省略主语、主谓语或主谓的一部分承前省后型承前省后型(用于对话、并列句

3、和动词不定式中用于对话、并列句和动词不定式中)2021/8/1471.作使役及感官动词的宾补的不定式须省作使役及感官动词的宾补的不定式须省to,但在被动语态但在被动语态中须将中须将to复原。复原。2.省略不定式符号省略不定式符号to 2021/8/148 2）do nothing but do只（做某事)，cant but do(不得不), cant help but do(只能做某事，不得不做)，had better,may well (很可能),may as well(不妨)等固定搭配常接省略to的不定式。 E.g. We didnt do anything but stay at hom

4、e watching TV yesterday. Hearing the news, she couldnt help but cry.2.省略不定式符号省略不定式符号to 2021/8/1493.省略省略作宾语的作宾语的不定式不定式短语短语 省略省略在在want，wish，hope，try，plan，like，love，hate等后等后作宾语的不定式短语，作宾语的不定式短语，只保留只保留to，但如果该宾语是动，但如果该宾语是动词词be或完成时态，则须在之后或完成时态，则须在之后加上加上be或或have :(1) Are you going there?-Yes, Id like to(2)

5、He didnt give me the chance, though he had promised to(3) Are you an engineer? -No, but I want .(4) He hasnt finished the task yet. -Well, he ought .(go there).(give me the chance).to beto have2021/8/14101.在在if, unless,when, while,once,though, as 等引导的等引导的状语从状语从句中，句中，从句的主语与主句的主语一致时从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可，可省

6、省去去“主语主语+be”(1)When still a boy of 10, he had to work day and night.(2)She tried her best though rather poor in health.(3)While cycling, dont forget the traffic lights. 骑车时，不要忘记看红绿灯。骑车时，不要忘记看红绿灯。(you are)(you)(he was)(she was)2021/8/1411 2.) 英语中有一些固定的省略结构： 在以if, unless,when, while,once,though, as if

7、（好象）等连词引导的从句中，如从句中的主要动词是be ，常将主语it 和动词be 省略。 If necessary, we shall send a telegram home. 如有必要，我们就往家里打电报。 Whenever possible, he will come to my help. 他一有可能就来帮助我。it isit is2021/8/14125.省略定省略定从、宾从、宾从中的从中的引导引导词词 2021/8/14131.)1.)连词连词ifif在虚拟条件句中省略在虚拟条件句中省略后后, ,从句从句语序有变语序有变化。化。(3） ） , what should we do?

8、, they would certainly have come and help us. (2) , I would do the work betterHad they had timeIfthey had had time 6.省略虚拟语气中的省略虚拟语气中的if和和shouldIf I were youWere I youIfthere should be a floodShould there be a flood2021/8/1414(should)2. 2.）在含有表示）在含有表示“一坚持二命令、三建议、四要求等词后一坚持二命令、三建议、四要求等词后的名词性从句中使用的名词性从句

9、中使用“（shouldshould） + + 动词原形动词原形”表示虚表示虚拟语气。如：拟语气。如：6.省略虚拟语气中的省略虚拟语气中的if和和should2021/8/14157.省略省略名词性名词性从句或从句的部分从句或从句的部分用用not,so,neither,nor “替代替代”省略名词性从句或从句的部分，可用省略名词性从句或从句的部分，可用so so 或或 notnot代替。常代替。常用于此类的动词有用于此类的动词有believe , think, expect, guess, believe , think, expect, guess, hope, imagine, suppos

10、e, say, tellhope, imagine, suppose, say, tell等以及等以及appear, appear, seem, afraid etc.seem, afraid etc.(4) Do you think he will attend the meeting? -I guess not.(1) Is he coming back tonight? -I think so(2) She must be busy now? -If so, she cant go with us.(3) Is she feeling better today? -Im afraid n

11、ot.2021/8/14161. havent seen you for ages.2. sounds like a good idea.3. sorry to hear that.4. this way, please!5. joining us for a walk?6. some more tea?7. doesnt matter.8. pity you couldnt come.9. terrible weather!10. going to the supermarket?Exercise IItI amwalkWould you likeWould you likeItIt is

12、aWhat/SuchAre you2021/8/1417exercise She can swim under water longer than I can swim under water.2.They discussed whether they should stay in the house or they should try the open air.3.They had a meal, they went out for a walk and then they came back to sleep. 4. Dont bathe if you dont to bathe.5.I

13、 dont visit my parents as much as I ought to visit my parents. 2021/8/1418Rewrite these sentences by taking out the unnecessary parts. The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful.(_)2021/8/1419 2. A boy was on the left side of the sick woman, and a girl was on the right side

14、of the sick woman. 3. She has a daughter who is in hospital. 4. He went to the doctor because he had to go to the doctor .(_) (_)(_)5. Did she pass the first aid test that she did yesterday or didnt she pass?or not.2021/8/14206. She could not decided whether to send him to hospital or not to send hi

15、m to hospital .7. When your nose is bleeding, you should bend forward so that the blood runs out of your nose and the blood doesnt run down your throat.8. Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most of the students havent done a first aid course .not down your throat.2021/8/14212

16、.These sentences are correct. However, one or more words have been left out. Can you tell your partner which words are missing ?1) The temple surrounded by a wall belongs to the local government. The temple (which is) surrounded by awall belongs to the local government.2021/8/1422 2) The first book

17、I read this term was more interesting than the second. The first book (that) I read this term was more interesting than the second (book that I read this term).2021/8/14233) To her teachers surprise, she did better in her first aid exam than expected. To her teachers surprise, she didbetter in her f

18、irst aid exam than (she was) expected (to do).2021/8/1424 4) I dont think they have returned from the hospital, but they might have. I dont think they have returned from the hospital, but they might have (returned from the hospital).2021/8/1425 5) He wanted to help the accident victim but his friend

19、 didnt. He wanted to help the accident victim but his friend didnt (want to help the accident victim).2021/8/1426 6) You can borrow my first aid notes if you want to. You can borrow my first aid notes if you want to (borrow my first aid notes).2021/8/1427 7) Sounds like a good idea. (It) sounds like

20、 a good idea. 8) Anything I can do for you? (Is there) anything I can do for you?2021/8/14281.-Does your brother intend to study German? -Yes, he intends_. A/ B.to C.so D.that2. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not

21、 to 3. -What do you think made Mary so upset? -_her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losingB.A.C.2021/8/14294.If_,well continue our experiment after office hours. A.being necessary B.be necessary C.is necessary D.necessary6. Generally speaking, _according to directions, th

22、e drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when takenC. when to take D. when to be taken5.- Do you think its going to rain over the weekend? - _. A. I dont believe B. I dont believe itC. I believe not so D. I believe not D.D.B.2021/8/14307. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, a

23、nd_. A. the other is white B. another whiteC. the other white D. another is white8. - Would you like some wine? - Yes, just _. A. little B. very little C. a little D. a fewC.C.2021/8/1431Choose the best answers.1)-Tomorrow is a holiday. Why areyou doing your homework? -I am doing these exercises now so that I wont have _ on Sunday. A. it B. them C. for D. to2021/8/14322)-Shall I invite Ann to my birthdayparty tomorrow evening?