儿科学绪论英上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院

1、会计学1儿科学绪论英上海交通大学医学院附属儿科学绪论英上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院新华医院理论课理论课 35学时学时见习课见习课 25学时学时主讲教师主讲教师 8位位见习带教教师见习带教教师 王廉文王廉文 钱继红钱继红 Pediatrics is the study of growth and development of the child from the genetic background and moment of conception through adolescence. It is the science and art of prevention, diagnosis,

2、and treatment of the diseases of children from birth through adolescence, whether these disturbances be physical, mental, or emotional. The most characteristic feature of pediatrics is that it deals with the growth and development of the child, comprising all those changes in size and form and in co

3、mplexity of function that constitute growing up. There are differences for these various age levels in Function of various organ system; (2) Degree of immunity to disease; (3) Response to the effects of disease; (4) Drug dosages and tolerance to drugs; (5) Mental and motor ability, and (6) Pattern o

4、f emotional response. 生后生后1小时小时2岁岁Cardiothoracic ratioHeart ratenervous system Kernig sign, Babinski sign signs of meningeal irriatation neonatal period Kernig sign, Babinski sign(+) within 34m Kernig sign (+) within 2yr Babinski sign (+) neonatal period rooting reflex, Moro reflex infancy abdominal

5、 reflex () possible tendon reflex ( ) diarrhea dehydration； fever seizure hepatomegaly, splenomegaly common in infancy ( anemia, infection)Infant mortality 1949 1999 2000 2003 China city 15% 1.18% 0.55% rural 20% 3.7% 0.40.7%Developed Countries 1991 1999 2000 2003 China city 2.1% 1.4 % 0.7 % rural 7

6、.1% 4.6 % 0.40.8%Developed CountriesBirth defect is the first cause in newborn death Incidence of total birth defect 3%-5 in Shanghai 0.2-0.3 million congenital defects seen after birth each year in China 0.8-1.2 million several months or years after birth Infant mortality 1949 1999 2000 2003 China city 15% 1.18% 0.55% rural 20% 3.7% 0.40.7%Developed CountriesBirth defect is the first cause in newborn death Incidence of total birth defect 3%-5 in Shanghai 0.2-0.3 million co